SU1553686A1 - Apparatus for drilling wells and recovering materials from underground formations - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to well drilling and geotechnology, and can be used in downhole mining of minerals and well testing of deposits. The goal is to increase the reliability of the device. The device includes a stepped hollow body (K) 1 with side holes in which jetting nozzles 2 are installed. Inside K 1 and adapter 4, a central tube 9 is formed on the flange 10, forming a circular pressure line (HM) 11 with K 1. To 1 and tube 9 is mounted on bearings 13, 14 a hollow torsion shaft (TV) 15, with which rock cutting tool 16 is rigidly connected. In doing so, TV 15 forms with C 1 and rock cutting tool 16 a cavity of jetting nozzles 2. Together with tube 9 and shaped boring 17 rock Destructive tool 16 TV 15 forms an annular ejector 25 and an annular cavity 26. A rock destructive tool 16 along its outer surface 25 is articulated with K 1 with the possibility of angular displacement. This allows the device to operate in two modes. When drilling, direct the entire flow of the working fluid from HM 11 through the cavity 26 and the ring ejector 25 to the return channel 12. When the walls 28 are washed out and the extraction chamber is formed, the flow of the working fluid is divided into two parts. One of the parts of the flow enters the described system, and the other through the channel, the cavity of the nozzle and the nozzle 2 reports HM 11 with a space of 30 for K 1. 8 Il.

Description

The invention relates to well drilling and geotechnology, and can be used in a well in the exploration of mineral resources and in well hydraulic testing of deposits.

The aim of the invention is to improve the reliability of the device.

Figure 1 shows schematically

the device while drilling a well is a longitudinal axial raerez-3} on .2 - section А-А on AigL; at aig. 3 - section B-B on Lig J 5 on fig 4 - section B-B on fig. ; on Lig.5 - section GG on Litch1; .and Lig, b - type D on Lig. 1 (on the inner surface of the torus shaft); on league. 7 shows an embodiment of the device of FIG. on Fig - torsion shaft, cross section.

The device for drilling wells and extracting materials from subterranean formations (Fig. 1) consists of a hollow stepped body 1 with lateral tops in which jetting nozzles 2 are mounted. On the body 1 above the nozzles 2 there is a rotating packer 3. To the upper part of the body 1 Adapter 4 is connected to a double drill string consisting of an outer 5 and an inner 6 pipe. The annular space 7 between the pipes 5 and 6 is part of the pressure pipe of the device, and the axial channel 8 is returnable,

Inside the housing 1 and the adapter 4 is mounted on a flange 10 provided with channels, the central tube 9,

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forming with ring 1 an annular pressure line I1. The axial bore 12 of the tube 9 is part of the return duct (Lig.2).

In the pressure line 11 between the housing 1 and the tube 9, a hollow torsion shaft 5 is mounted on bearings 13 and 14, to which the rock-breaking tool 16 is rigidly connected, at the end of which there is a radial boring 1 7.

The torsion shaft 15 forms with the housing 1 and the rock-cutting tool 16 a cavity 18 jet nozzles. Longitudinal grooves 19 are made on the outer surface of the shaft 15, and radial channels 20 and 21 are made in the shaft wall I5. In addition, the shaft 15 has protrusions 22 for transmitting rotation when interacting with the inner surface 23 of the housing. On the inner surface of the torsion shaft 15 helical blades 24 are shaped (FIGS. 3-6).

The shaft 15, together with the tube 9 and the shaped bore 17 of the rock-destructive tool 16, forms an annular ejector 25 and a cavity of the same name 26.

The rock-destructive tool 16, on its outer surface 25, is articulated with the device body 1 with the possibility of angular displacement. This makes it possible to realize two modes of operation of the device: during drilling, to send the entire flow of working fluid from the pressure line 1J through the cavity 26 and the ring ejector 25 to the return channel J2; when hydraulically washing the walls 28 of the well and forming the extraction chamber 29, divide the flow of the working fluid into two parts. One of the parts of the flow will be directed along the described track. that Another part of the flow through the channel 20, the cavity 18 and the nozzle 2 will communicate the pressure line 111 with a space 30 behind the device body 1.

The device works as follows.

To implement the process of drilling a well without washing its walls to the device through a string of double drill pipes. 5, 6, axial force and torque are communicated, and working fluid is supplied through the annular line 7. Due to the friction on the face 3 of the end 32 of the rock-destroying tool I6, its angular displacement is counterclockwise relative to the housing 1. In this case, the jetting nozzle 2 is blocked by the outer surface 33 of the splines 22 and the entire flow of working fluid from line 7-11 is directed through the cavity 26 and the annular ejector 25 into the return channel 12. Formed during drilling, the core and sludge will be carried to the surface by the return flow of working fluid .

The breakdown of the borehole wall 28, the formation of the extraction chamber, 29, and the extraction of the diffuse material to the surface are carried out as follows. In the interval of the wellbore planned for this, the axial load is removed, the device is lifted above the face 31, continuing to pump working fluid, which, acting on the helical blades 24, produces a return angular displacement of the torsion shaft 15 to its original position. At the same time, the jetting nozzle 2 opens and the working fluid from trunk 7-11 through channel 20, cavity 18 and nozzle 2 will flow into space 30 behind the housing. Under the action of a high-pressure jet, the wall 27 of the well will be destroyed - with the formation of the excavation chamber 29. From chamber 29, the destruction products in the form of

the pulps will be transported to the bottom hole of the well and will be transported to the surface through channels 11 and 8. Tti .i this packer 3, creating resistance, will prevent the flow of pulp and migration of the useful component in the well.

Having completed the cycle of erosion and extraction of materials, you can continue drilling by setting the device to the bottom 31 of the well. At the moment when the jetting nozzle 2 overlaps with the surface 33 of the splines 22, the pressure in the cavity 18 sharply increases. To prevent a shock, the channels 21 are provided in the device design, communicating the cavity 18 of the jetting nozzles with the cavity 26 and the ring ejector 25.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for drilling wells and extracting materials from subterranean formations, comprising a hollow body with side holes and mounted jetting nozzles in them, a rock-breaking tool, a central tube placed in the body, forming an annular ejector with the rock-breaking tool and dividing the inner space of the body into an annular pressure A line and an axial return channel, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the device, it is provided with a hollow torsion shaft mounted in the annular Pressure Line with the possibility of angular displacement and forming a cavity of the jet nozzles with the body, with the shaft of the radial channels, screw blades on the inner surface and on the outer surface of the protrusions interacting with the inner surface of the housing with the ability to block the side holes, and rock cutting tool is connected indicated by the shaft rigidly and with the housing - with the possibility of angular displacement. hch 15 eleven FIG. five Schig 8 W 31 33 Shig.8