SU1548780A1 - Optronic adder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of computing and can be used in optoelectronic computing devices. The aim of the invention is to reduce hardware costs. The adder contains bit cells according to the number of digits of the components, the AND element, and the delay element. Each cell contains regenerative optocouplers, AND, OR, and NOT elements, as well as delay elements. The goal is achieved through the implementation of summation in bit cells in a modified single-normal code with five-bit coding of decimal digits. This results, by introducing into the discharge cells two additional delay elements, one OR element, one AND optoelectronic element, and OR new optoelectronic element, as well as a more than twofold decrease in the total number of elements in the optoelectronic adder. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to computing and can be used in optoelectronic computing devices.

The aim of the invention is to reduce hardware costs.

Figure 1 shows the structural scheme of the optoelectronic adder; Fig. 2 is a functional circuit of a single bit cell; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a regenerative optron.

The optoelectronic adder contains bit cells 1, the first group of n And 2 elements and the first 3 delay element. The adder is equipped with optical information bit inputs k and outputs 5, zero reset input 6, summation resolution input 7,

bus 8 power and tire 9 zero potential.

Each cell of the adder cell contains ten regenerative optrons 10, -1P, 0, a group of nine elements HE 11, -Pd, the second group of four elements I 12, -124, the third group of optoelectronic elements I 13., 13c consisting of five subgroups of four elements each, a fourth group of four elements AND 14, -144, the first group of six optoelectronic elements OR 15f-15fe, the second group of ten elements OR 16., - 16 (0, second delay element 17, first light source 18 and resistor 18, third delay element 20, fourth delay element 21, optoel ktronny OR gate 22, an OR gate 23, optoelectronics,

SP

Ј

00

one

00

315OD

The electronic element is AND 2k. Each cell 1 has five optical information inputs 25 and outputs 26, summation resolution input 27, transfer input 5 28, zeroing input 29, power bus 8 and common bus 9.

The regenerative optocoupler 10 contains three photodetectors 30-32, a light source 33, a transistor 34 and two diodes JQ 35 and 36, optical inputs 37 and 38, optical output 39, electrical output 40 and control inputs 41-43.

The optoelectronic adder operates in a single-normal code, 15 Where decimal digits are divided into two groups.

In the first group, numbers from 0 to 4 are placed, and in the second group, from 5 to 9. To represent each number, there are 20 characters, five of which are signs of the number and determine whether the number belongs to groups. If the sign O - then the figure from the first group, and if the sign 1 - then the number 25 from the second group. The four remaining Characters of each digit in the new form of a unit-normal code are themselves a single code, i.e. the mantissa numbers from 0 to I. Therefore, the decimal numbers are encoded as follows:

where o (is a sign of the number; p, o.,

P4 - mantissa figures. The process of summation of numbers will be considered in the following example, which takes into account all possible values of the numbers I of the encoding form used. Let us assume that two decimal numbers should be summed - 1418 (the first term) and 2879 (the second term). In the single encoding form used, these numbers are represented as follows:

1468 2379 8 - 1 1110 9 - 1 1111 1 - 0 1000 7 - 1 NOU

0 5 0

five

0

five

0

five

1110 1100

4 - 0 1111 8 - 1

1 - 0 1000 2-0

Addition occurs in steps.

Step 1. The unit of the mantissa of the unit code of the 1st bit of the second term after the highest unit of the mantissa of the 1st bit of the first term is recorded, and the intermediate result result and the unit determine the i-th digit of the second term with the sign of the 1st bit of the first term. transfer (when the sign of each addend is equal to one) by performing the operation of addition modulo 2.

After completing the first step of the algorithm, four binary words are obtained.

11111110

8.9

1.7 4.8 1.2

ten

Transfer

-1 11100000

-1 11111110

- AB 11100000

As can be seen from the obtained intermediate result, a transfer unit is obtained in the first discharge, which is caused by the presence of 1 in the first discharge feature of both terms.

Step 2. If the number of units in the elongated mantissa of the received binary word of the 1st bit is equal to or more than five, the higher five are unified (this word, the intermediate result is converted, and the transfer unit is formed by performing the addition modulo 2 of the feature with the attribute. If the number of units in this word is less than five, then the binary word remains unchanged,

After performing the second step of the algorithm,

-11 11000000

8.9 1.7 4.8 1.2

-1 111.00000

-10 11000000

Transfer

Transfer

- About 11100000

At this stage, 1 is received in the first discharge feature, since in the first discharge extended mantissa there were units in an amount greater than five. Similarly, in the third discharge, the presence in the extended mantissa of units in a quantity more than five and 1 feature forms a transfer unit and the feature About the intermediate result.

After completing the third step of the algorithm,

7 - 1 11000000

9 - 1 11110000

2-0 1,100,000

4-0 111100005

At the beginning, the adder is set to the initial (zero) state. For this purpose, a high potential level is applied to the zero-zero input. At the same time, the output transistors of the OR elements 1b1-1 bgo of the second group are opened, and the potential at the bases of the transistors 34 of the regenerative optocouplers 10 decreases to the potential level of the bus 9. The transistors 34 are closed and the light sources 15 and 33 go out.

The bits of the first term are supplied in optical form to the optical information inputs 4., - 4 adders. Each of these inputs takes one 20 decimal digits of a number in the form of a single-normal code, therefore each discharge of the adder is equipped with optical information inputs. Since the first regenerative voltage 25, at this time is in the zero state and at the same time at the output of the first element NOT 11, the group of high potential, four elements And 13 are opened, the first subgroup 30 of the third group. the i-th binary bit of the de-mantissa (, 4) of the unit-normal code of the decimal bit of the first term is one, then

j

The output of the 1st element AND 13 of the first subgroup of the third group is the unit, which through (1-1) -th element OR 15 of the first group is fed to the second optical input 38 of the 1st regenerative optocoupler 10. If the unit appears at the output the first element And 131 of the first subgroup of the third group, the light flux (a single optical signal) from its output is fed to the second optical input 38 of the first regenerative optocoupler 10, without intermediate logic elements. If in the fifth binary bit (at the input of 25 y, in the bit of a sign) of the unit normal code of the ten digit of the first term is one, then the optoelectronic element OR 22 is opened, the unit appears at the output the first 37 and second 38 optical inputs of the tenth regenerative optocoupler 1010 and to the first input of the optoelectronic element I 24. After the application of a high potential of the resolution signal to the input

0

7, the second roto-receiver of the 1st optocoupler Yu- opens, and the high potential from the first control input 41 opens the transistor 34, lights the source 33 of light, i.e. The optocoupler 10 goes into a single state. Thereafter, the enable signal is removed from the input 7 of the adder. Regenerative

The optocoupler 10 is left in one state due to the positive feedback that is provided by the light source 33 and the third photoreceiver 32 of the regenerative optocoupler 10,. The optoelectronic element AND 24 is closed, since at the network input the unit appears after removing the signal from the input of the adder, which through the PI 23 element is fed to the second input of the optoelectronic element AND 24 "

Acceptance of the second addend to the adder and the implementation of the first step of the t-h / h summation occur one-time. Cho with the help of repeated submission s, t-upa of the permission to input 7. At the same time, the i-th element I 12 (i 1.4 volts of the group, if the i-th and (ii-1) ;. regenerative optocouplers are in situ and in one state, i.e. then, when some of the mantissa units are normally normal The code is located in the i-th dvoyanoch discharge of the mantissa of this decade oasr of the first addendum. From the first part of the element I and 3 (the i-th subgroup of the tripod group The second unit of the second term mantissa is recorded in the (1 + +1) -th regenerative spthron 10 (, the second unit of the mantissa (if the discharge bit is m, the second term is greater than one) —in --- t2.} The regenerative optoon 10; +1, etc. If in the fifth double digit (input 255, character discharge) of the unit-normal code of the decimal digit of the second term is one, then through the optoelectric TDOtHhb fi element OR 72 it A 37 psd and 38 second optical inputs of the tenth regenerative optocoupler 010 are supplied, it is switched to one state when the resolution signal is supplied from 7 adder stroke when a regenerative tenth 1010 zeroed and the first input of the optoelectronic element and the third input of which is supplied with the output of the fourth unit delay element 21 (when

the tenth regenerative optocoupler

ten,

in the unit state), and when the resolution signal is supplied from the input 7 of the adder, which through the OR element 23 is applied to the second input of the optoelectronic element AND 2k, opens it and a high potential appears at the output, which is fed to the second input of the tenth element OR 1610 of the second group, as a result of which the tenth regenerative optocoupler 10fo is zeroed.

After the termination of the second permitting syrnal to input 7, the second and third steps of the summation algorithm begin. In this case, if in the fifth regenerative optocoupler 105 of the first discharge (cell

ten

15

of an electronic element OR 22 and an element OR 23 an optoelectronic element AND 2k is opened, a unit appears at the output, which through the tenth element OR 16 of the second group embraces the tenth regenerative optocoupler 1C1 °

The high level signal from the output of the first-bit optoelectronic element AND 2k (cell 1) is fed to the input of the first element And 21 of the first group. At that, the enabling signal through the first delay element 3 is fed to another input of the first element I 21 of the first group, which opens the first element AND 2, the first group. The high signal from the output of the first element AND 2, the first group is fed to the transfer input 28 of the second

1.,) there is a unit, then a high byte 2o bit (cell 12). Here, the potential occurs to the inputs of the second delay element 17 and the fourth element AND 1 of the fourth group and through the elements OR 1b. - 1bd of the second

The groups zeroes the regenerative opto-25s to the third control inputs 101-1PE of the first discharge (cell 3 of the regenerative opto-switches 10., - Yue 1 t). However, if the highest unit

increasing the content of the mantissa of the second bit in a single-normal code by one. This is done through high potential, which

second bit (cell 1g). In this case, if the highest mantissa unit of this decimal bit is in the ith regenerative optocoupler, then the unit appears in (J41) th regenerative optocoupler () too, since the first photodetector 30 (i + 1) -ro opens regenerative 10, the mantissa of the sum of a single-normal code is in (k + i) -n regenerative optocoupler (), and then wrapped it with the regenerative optocouple from 1st to (4 + 1) -th. The reset of the regenerative optocouplers from the 1st to the (i-l) -u does not occur, since the distribution circuit of the unit closes in the (1-1) th element of AND 14 of the fourth group. In this case, the first input of the (i-l) -ro element AND Ik of the fourth group receives a low potential from the output of the (1-1) th element of the HE 11 (+) - and group. High potential from the electrical output kQ of the fifth regenerative optocoupler

Yu is fed through the third delay element 20 to the inputs of the optoelectronic element OR 22, the element OR 23, and to the third control input 3 of the tenth regenerative optocoupler 1010, to the second optical input 38 of which is fed a unit from the output of the optoelectronic element OR 22, which converts the optocoupler to a single condition when it is reset. If the tenth regenerative optocoupler 1010 is in the unit state, then the unit from the output of the fourth delay element 21 is fed to the third input of the opto electronic element I 2k, and when units are fed to the first and second inputs, respectively, from the outputs of the optocoupler

five

of an electronic element OR 22 and an element OR 23 an optoelectronic element AND 2k is opened, a unit appears at the output, which through the tenth element OR 16 of the second group embraces the tenth regenerative optocoupler 1C1 °

The high level signal from the output of the first-bit optoelectronic element AND 2k (cell 1) is fed to the input of the first element And 21 of the first group. At that, the enabling signal through the first delay element 3 is fed to another input of the first element I 21 of the first group, which opens the first element AND 2, the first group. The high signal from the output of the first element AND 2, the first group is fed to the transfer input 28 of the second

o bit (cell 12). Going on here

bit (cell 12). Going on here

supplied to the third control inputs of the 3 regenerative optocouplers 10., - Yue

increasing the content of the mantissa of the second bit in a single-normal code by one. This is done through high potential, which

5 is supplied to the third control inputs of the 3 regenerative optocouplers 10., - Yue

0 0

second bit (cell 1g). In this case, if the highest mantissa unit of this decimal bit is in the ith regenerative optocoupler, then the unit appears in (J41) th regenerative optocoupler () too, since the first photodetector 30 (i + 1) -ro opens A regenerative 10.5 optocoupler m, v ,, a high potential appears at the base of the transistor 34, and the light source 33 lights up. If all the regenerative optocouplers 10, -IOj are in the zero state, then the first regenerative optocoupler 101 goes into one state, because the light source 18 is switched on, which is opened by the optical channel of the first photodetector 30 of the first regenerative optocoupler 10 ,. If the eighth regenerative optocoupler 104 at this time is in the unit state, then the unit is also transmitted to the ninth regenerative optocoupler 103.

After that, if necessary (i.e., when the fifth regenerative opton 10j is in a single state), the actions are the same as in the previous case, and so on.

The proposed optoelectronic adder allows to significantly reduce the number of logical and radioelements in comparison with the known adders (more than 2 times) due to the implementation of

0

PC

five

915 8 / 80K

summation in the modified element And the fifth subgroup of the third negative-normal code.

the group is optically connected to the second optical input of the eighth regenerative optocoupler, the output / is the optoelectronic element of the IL of the first group, where, 6, the optical is connected to the second optical input of the go regenerative optocoupler, 7,

Claims (1)

Invention Formula An optoelectronic adder containing n bit cells (where n is the number of bits of the terms), the first group of n elements And and the first element the group is optically connected to the second optical input of the eighth regenerative optocoupler, the output / is the optoelectronic element of the IL of the first group, where, 6, the optical is connected to the second optical input of the go regenerative optocoupler, 7, optical delays, each cell has a co Q The first four and tenth outputs of the ten regenerative opto-regenerative optocouplers are the outputs, a group of nine elements NOT, the second group of four elements AND, the third group of optoelectronic elements of the discharge cell, the electrical output of each regenerative optocoupler, besides the tenth one, is connected to Com, And, consisting of five subgroups of is inputs of the corresponding element four elements in each, four-group, outputs of elements NOT from the second thuyu group of four elements And the first group of six optoelectronic elements OR, the second group of the fifth group is connected to the first inputs of elements AND of the second group, respectively, the output of each element of the ten elements OR, the second element 20 and AND of the second group are connected respectively to the delay, the light source and the resistor, with the second inputs of the elements AND each regenerative optocoupler contains a light source, a transistor, three photodetectors and two diodes, with each bit cell 25, the source of the optocouplers 25, besides the ninth one, are optically connected to the first optical unit with the summation resolution input of the sum corresponding subgroup, beginning with the second, third group, the first control inputs of all regenerative element and n of that subgroup of the third the group is optically connected to the second optical input of the eighth regenerative optocoupler, the output / is the optoelectronic element IL of the first group, where, 6, the optical is connected to the second optical input of the go regenerative optocoupler, 7, optical outputs of the first four and tenth regenerative optocouplers are you the fifth group is connected to the first inputs of elements AND of the second group, respectively, the output of each element AND the second group is connected respectively to the second inputs of elements AND optocouplers, except the ninth, connected to the resolution input of the summation of the corresponding subgroup, starting with the second, third groups, the first control inputs of all regenerative The first input of the regenerative optocoupler, the first optical input of each regenerative optocouple from the second to the ninth is connected to the optical output of the previous regenerative optocoupler, the first electrical inputs of the regenerative optocouplers are connected to the power bus of the adder; optical information input (,) of each bit cell is connected to the first input of the q-ro optoelectronic element AND all subgroups of the third group, the output of the The first element of the first subgroup of which is optically connected to the second optical input of the first regenerative optocoupler, the output of the k-ro element AND of the first subgroup of the third group, where, A, is connected to the corresponding input of the mth optoelectronic element OR of the first group, where, 3, output 1 th element And j - and subgroups of the third group, where, 4; j-2,4, is connected to the corresponding input ci-ro of the optoelectronic element OR of the first group, where J () (J + 2), the output of the t-ro element And the fifth subgroup of the third group, where, 3, is connected to the corresponding the input of the ot-th optoelectronic element OR of the first group, the output of the fourth mators, the electrical outputs of the first four regenerative optocouplers of the connectors with the second inputs of the corresponding elements AND the second group, starting from the first, the outputs of the elements NOT from the sixth to the ninth group of connectors. No with the first inputs of the corresponding elements And the fourth group, starting with the first, second input of the fourth element And which is connected to the input of the second delay element, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the elements OR of the second group from the fifth to the ninth, the first inputs of the OR elements from the first to the fourth of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding elements AND of the fourth group, the second input of each element AND, in addition to the fourth, which is connected to the output of the subsequent element AND of this group, the second inputs of the elements OR from the first to the ninth and the first input of the tenth element OR the second the groups are connected to the zeroing input of the adder, and the outputs are connected to the second control inputs of the corresponding regenerative optocouplers, the third control inputs of which, in addition to the tenth, are connected to the transfer input of the discharge cell whose emitter is connected to the second electrical input, and the first electrical input is connected to the second output of the third photodetector and the first output of the light source of the regenerative optocoupler, which optically It is connected to the third photodetector and is the optical output of the regenerative optocoupler, the second output of the light source of which is connected to the collector of the transistor and the electrical output of the regenerative optotron, the first and second optical inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second photoreceivers, the second terminals of which are connected the first terminals, respectively, of the first and second diodes, the second terminals of which are, respectively, the third and first control inputs 2Q of the regenerative optocoupler, in The control input of which is connected to the base of the transistor, the second output of the first light source is connected to the zero potential bus of the adder, and the first output is connected to the first output of the resistor, the second output of which is connected to the transfer input of the discharge cell of the adder, the resolution input of which is connected to the input of the first delay element, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the elements AND of the first group, characterized in that, in order to reduce hardware costs, the third and fourth are entered in each bit cell of the adder 15 . 25 thirty Q delay elements, an optoelectronic element OR, an OR element and an optoelectronic element AND, the output of the first element of the NOT group is connected to the second inputs of the elements AND of the first subgroup of the third group, the electrical output of the fifth regenerative optocoupler L. is the same with the inputs of the second and third delay elements, the output the third delay element is connected to the first inputs of the optoelectronic element OR and the OR element and to the third control input of the tenth regenerative optro5, the first and second optical inputs of which are connected to the output of the optoelectric element OR and the first input of the optoelectronic element Hj, the second input of which is connected to the output of the OR element, the second input of the OR element is connected to the summing resolution input of the adder, the second input of the optoelectronic element OR is connected to the fifth optical information input of the second cells, the electrical output of the tenth regenerative optocoupler is connected to the input of the fourth delay element, the output of which is connected to the third input of the optoelectronic element I, the output of which is connected to the second stroke tenth OR gate and the second group with a second input of the respective AND gates of the first group, the output of each AND gate which, besides the latter, it is connected to the transfer input of the next bit cell. five 0 SHSh 2S125225325 255 Rig. 2 29 28 8 8 ig Compiled by A. Stepanov Editor 00 Yurkovetska Tehred L. Oliynyk Proofreader T. Malets Order 1M Circulation 25  VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., K / S Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Gagarin, 101 Fig.z Subscription