SU1544829A1 - Method of processing fine-grain lead and lead-zinc copper-containing sulfide concentrates - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is intended for the processing of lead, lead and zinc raw materials firing-melting process type kvitset. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the rough lead and simplify refining it from copper. Fine-grained lead or lead-zinc copper-containing sulfide concentrates are mixed with fluxes, circulating dust, and sent for roasting and smelting in an oxygen torch. Oxygen is introduced at the rate of obtaining a melt with a mass ratio of sulfur to copper in it within 0.65-1.30. The melt at a temperature not lower than 1200 ° C is treated with a solid carbon-containing material. The result is a rough lead, copper matte, depleted slag and gases. In order to increase the quality of the produced rough lead (in terms of its copper content), the lead layer adjacent to the hearth is cooled to 330-900 ° C. 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, mainly to the lead-zinc i sub-industry, and can be used in the processing of lead and lead-zinc copper-containing materials in a kivzet aggregate.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of rough lead and simplify its refining from copper.

Example. Roasting-smelting lead at stoichiometric oxygen consumption for the complete oxidation of lead, iron, zinc, with oxygen consumption

0.70 (1 - n 1) nm3 02 per 1 kg of sulfur in

The charge, where p 0,65-1,30 and cooled, the bottom layer of rough lead, adjacent to the hearth, to 330-900 ° C, where WG | and PC - copper and sulfur content

t

in the charge, wt.%.

When smelting lead or lead-zinc copper-containing sulfide raw materials in a mixture with oxidized dusts and fluxes with a stoichiometric oxygen consumption for the oxidation of lead, iron, zinc, i.e. 0.054 nm Og per 1 kg of lead; 0.20 nm 02 per 1 kg

09 S

gland; 0.17 Nm3 0, at 1

kg of zinc.

and with oxygen consumption of 0.70 (1 - n -) nm 02 per 1 kg of sulfur in the charge

where n is 0.65-1.30, sulfur is not fully converted to sulfurous anhydride and remains in the roasting-smelting melt in the sulfur: copper ratio, from 0.65 to 1.30. Sulfur remaining in the melt dissolves in the metallic lead formed during the reduction and binds primarily copper to sulphides, and the excess sulfur reacts with lead and other metals in accordance with their affinity in sulfur.

Copper sulphides have a relatively low solubility in liquid lead and go to an independent phase. However, the presence of significant amounts of sulfur (lead sulphides) in metallic lead is undesirable, since a special sulfur purification operation is required to remove it from lead at the refining stage. When the ratio of sulfur: copper in the melt roasting-smelting of the charge is from 0S65 to 1.30, the amount of sulfur is enough to completely convert the copper present in the lead into sulfides and at the same time the excess sulfur remaining after the formation of the mentioned copper sulfides is insignificant ... Therefore, lead sulphides with their transition partially into copper matte and partially into rough lead9 proceeds to a low degree.

Thus, carrying out the calcining of the charge in a sprayed state in an oxygen atmosphere to produce a melt with a weight ratio of sulfur; copper from 0.65 to 1.30 allows you to convert all copper into the form of poorly soluble sulfides in metallic lead. time does not lead to a noticeable increase in the sulfur content in the resulting lead.

Since when cooling the lead layer adjacent to the hearth, O thickness, mm, the copper cleaned from copper and copper removed from it move in opposite directions, this combines three continuous processes with the lead bath height of 0.6-1.0 m: lead smelting of raw materials, the process of continuous refining of lead from copper and the continuous release of copper-free lead,

0

j

Q 5

five

0

five

five

Moreover, when the lower layer of lead adjacent to the bottom is cooled to a temperature above 900 ° C, the quality of continuous refining of copper from copper deteriorates. When cooling the lead layer adjacent to the hearth to a temperature below 330 ° C, the quality of lead cleaning from copper does not improve, as this gradually decreases the height of the bath of molten lead, accompanied by an increase in power consumption to maintain the slag temperature at the level of I200-1400 ° C and Difficulties in the release of copper-free lead.

Fine-grained lead or lead-zinc sulfide copper-containing raw materials are mixed with fluxes and sent to roasting-smelting together with oxidized dusts in a spray state mixed with technical oxygen or air enriched with oxygen at a stoichiometric oxygen consumption of 0.054 nm 3 0 per 1 kg svnn0

ca „

0.2 nm

5 02 on 1 kg of iron, kg of zinc and from

0 to 1

0.17 nm

0.7 (1-0.65 L) doO, 7 (1-1.3% u Nm3

1LL S

Shee per 1 kg of sulfur. The melt obtained during roasting-smelting at 1200–1400 ° C is treated with a solid y / род genus containing a reducing agent to form a rough lead, which is deposited on the bottom of the bath. At the same time, the lower layer of lead, 0.05-0.10 m thick, adjacent to the hearth, is cooled to 330-900 ° C. To this end, coolant is supplied through special channels in the hearth or the outside side of the bottom is blown with compressed air. Lead purified from copper is released and sent to a more refined cleaning of copper and other impurities. Lead-depleted slag is sent to extract zinc and copper matte to produce copper;

To compare the proposed method with the known one, 17 batches of the mixture were prepared, consisting of lead-zinc concentrate, oxidized dusts, limestone and silica sand. The mixture was fed with a stream of technical oxygen through the burner to the roasting stage. The consumption of technical oxygen, depending on the content in the mixture of lead, zinc, iron, copper and sulfur, ranged from 155 to 280 nm O 2 per 1 ton of charge. At the same time, the partial consumption of oxygen for the oxidation of lead, zinc and iron was set from stoichiometry: 0.054 nm 02 per 1 kg of lead in the charge, 0.17 nm 02 per 1 kg

1 kg of sulfur

0.20 nm 0 „on

zinc in the charge, w, -w m-i 2 iron in the charge, and oxidation

quantity

weight melt

oxygen ratio was given in p

0.7 (1 - p), where n is the required C5

nt) example conditions sulfur to copper content in firing-smelting. The melt obtained during roasting-smelting was treated with coking. The bottom layer of rough lead adjacent to the bottom was cooled by blowing the bottom of the air. Draft lead and matte were periodically taken out (small scale of installation - up to 30 tons of charge per day),

The results of the experiments for the proposed and known methods are presented in the table.

From the table it follows that in the smelting of lead or lead-zinc copper-containing sulfide raw materials according to the proposed method with oxygen consumption for the oxidation of metals in 1000 kg of the charge (lead, iron, zinc) from 50 to 65 nm 5 QЈ (experiments 3-5 and 17) and the consumption of oxygen for the oxidation of sulfur in the same amount of charge from 90

(olyt 17) to 145 g /),

nm 3 Oh

(experiments 13 and

when the lead layer adjacent to the hearth is cooled to 330-900 ° C, the quality of the rough lead is improved. As a result, the extraction of copper from the raw material is simplified, as well as the subsequent refining of rough lead: the use of a sulfidizer or oxidizer is eliminated (test 6) disappears the need to carry out the stage of coarse deceiving of the rough lead during its refining (experiments 3-5 and 11-15).

Tate, in experiment 6, the sulfur content in rough lead is higher than necessary for the formation of copper sulfides, therefore, to remove excess sulfur from lead, it is necessary to carry out the operation of its oxidation at the stage of refining lead. Noted that when oh5448296

Placing the lower layer of lead to a temperature below 330 ° C (experiment 16) raises the problem of releasing purified lead. In addition, from the table it follows that the implementation of the process according to the proposed method will allow to obtain copper matte with a relatively high copper content, which simplifies

Yu further processing when extracting copper from it.

Thus, the advantages of the proposed method in comparison with the known one are in improving the quality of the rough lead by reducing the copper content in it, which leads to simplification of the subsequent refining of the lead lead from sluggish due to the exclusion of the coarse decontamination stage.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of processing fine-grained lead and lead-zinc copper-containing sulfide concentrates, including their roasting-melting in a sprayed state in an oxygen torch in a mixture with oxidized dusts and incomplete desulphurisation fluxes to produce a melt, reduction of oxidized compounds with a solid carbonaceous reducing agent to produce a slag-poor slag and rough lead and refining of lead from copper, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of rough lead and simplify refining it from copper, roasting is carried out at stoichiometric oxygen consumption for complete oxidation of lead, iron, zinc at oxygen consumption for oxidation of 1 kg sulfur in the charge 0.70 (1 - n jT) nm} O, about s where n 0,65 - 1,30; B PCu, PS - copper and sulfur content in charge, wt.%, and cool the bottom layer of rough lead, adjacent to the hearth, to 330-900 ° C.