SU1523775A1 - Freewheeling clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used, for example, in the integrated hydraulic transmission of a T-130 tractor. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and durability of the free wheel mechanism. The mechanism contains 1 outer and 2 inner ring. Between them are located jamming rollers (P) 3, fitted with an elastic shell 4. The gap δ between the shell 4 and P 3 is determined by a certain relationship. The supply of P 3 with the ring 4 allows a larger number of seizing bodies to be put into operation. Shell 4 also reduces the sharp dynamic loads in the mechanism. 5 il.

Description

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The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to the creation of structures of the free-wheeling mechanisms (MSC) for power drives of variable structure, and can be used, for example, in the tractor industry to increase the reliability of complex hydraulic transmission of the T-130 tractor.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the durability and reliability of the free wheeling mechanism.

Figure 1 shows the mechanism with the outer cylindrical yoke, General view; figure 2 - section aa in fig „1; Fig. 3 shows the body of jamming, the position in the free state; 4 is the same, the position with the extremely compressed state of the shell; figure 5 is a mechanism with an internal cylindrical yoke, General view.

The mechanism consists of an outer cage 1 and an inner cage 2. Between the outer cage 1 and the inner cage 2 are located the sand body, consisting of the roller 3 and the elastic shell 4

Figs 3 and 4 d are the outer diameter of the shell 4 in a free state, S is the radial clearance between the roller 3 and the shell 4, in reality the gap size is about small, on the order of 0.1 mm (in the drawing, S do not show).

Figure 5 shows an MAX with a large number of jamming bodies, different from the MAX in FIG. 1, in that its inner sleeve 2 also has a cylindrical working surface, such an MAX is the most widely used in complex hydraulic transmissions. The devices pressing the bodies of jamming to the working surfaces of the clips are not shown.

D is the diameter of the cylindrical yoke, and is the distance from the axis of rotation of the MSH to the working flat surfaces of the yoke, oi is the minimum allowable wedging angle i h is the thickness of the shell. The thickness h is chosen predominantly on the basis of the deformation of the shell under the action of the maximum static radial load on the size of the diametrical gap. Under the action of this load, the inner surface of the shell comes in contact with the outer surface of the roller. When you further attempt to compress the body jamming its deformation occurs with a sharply increased gesture

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bone, and the magnitude of the deformation is negligible.

However, it is possible to choose the thickness h of the average static radial load. This should be done with an increase in the accuracy class of the mechanism. As a result, a greater number of bodies of jamming come into operation when the work load is applied;.

With a reduced accuracy in the manufacture of the mechanism, the thickness of the shell should be increased to reduce the deformation of the shell by approximately 25% based on the general recommendations of the engineering industry on the number of actually working links. h can be increased to reduce the deformation of the shell about two times, if there are sharp dynamic loads in the unit where the MAX is used.

In the proposed design, according to the operating conditions of the tractor T-130, the thickness h is selected on the basis of the deformation of the transient by 2 by the action of the maximum value of the nominal torque in the tractor transmission.

MSC works as follows

In the period of idling, one of the clips has a lower angular speed, lags behind the other of the clip. If the angular velocity of the yoke 1 (Fig. 1), when rotating about (} yma 1 clockwise more than the angular velocity of the yoke 2, rotating in the same direction, the shells 4 freely rotate in the wedge gap formed by the yoke 1

and 2, since the strength of the rolling friction force tends to roll the rim out of the wedge gap despite the effect of the gland (not shown). During the idle period, the rollers 3 rotate inside the shells 4 freely and indefinitely.

After aligning the angular velocities of the clips 1 and 2, with the tendency of the speed of the cage 2 to increase relative to the speed of the cage 1, the conditions for wiping the MAX are created, since the forces of rolling friction tend to roll the casing 4 into a narrow part of the wedge gap. Under the action of the working load, the shells 4 begin to contract, providing a slight rotation of the sleeves 1 and 2 one relative to the other. The movement of the deforming shells 4 on the working surfaces of the clips

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1 and 2 are pure rolling. With a further increase in the work load, the rollers 3 contact the inner surface of the shells 4. After that, the body of jamming consisting of roller 3 and shell 4 sharply increases its rigidity and further relative rotation of the clips 1 and 2 can occur almost exclusively due to deformation of roller 3 and clips 1 and 2. Moving roller 3 due to its deformation along the inner surfaces of shell 4 continues to remain | pure rolling. The movement of the clips 1 and 2 during the deformation of the roller 3 is quite insignificant and does not differ from what takes place in the known device, it stops when the minimum angle of jamming is reached, which practically does not differ from the angle of jamming with the undeformed roller 3.

Due to the increased elasticity of the jamming bodies, resulting in a greater relative movement of the clips when the MAX is turned on, the workload is transferred to a much larger number of the jamming bodies. The beginning of the deformation of the elastic body jamming occurs immediately after the alignment of the speeds of the clips (there is no shock inclusion). In addition, in the proposed Ministry of Agriculture, the conditions of work of the bodies of seizure are significantly improved even with the angular mismatch of the axes of the clips.

The durability and reliability of the proposed Ministry of Agriculture is not limited by the frequency of deformation of elastic bodies of jamming, since the maximum value of the deformation of the shell is small and limited to the size of the diametral gap 2o, which in real structures will not exceed 0.2 mm

The work of the proposed Ministry of Agriculture is especially effective when using a larger number of bodies jamming in the case of three

maximal compactness of the mechanism, as, for example, when used in complex hydrodynamic transmissions. The construction of such an MAX is shown in FIG. This MOA works as described above.

I Justification of the size of the proposed

designs.

For the circuit of FIG. 1, it is obvious that

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H + (gj 5d- & i o75D- (0,5d-)

For the circuit of FIG.

ten

cos d ..

 H- () o75D + (o75d-f)

where, in general, the formula for determining the gap is

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l ± 2H + d + d + D} coso6 2 (1 + coso6)

25

The upper signs of the arithmetic operations correspond to the mechanism with the inner cage with cylindrical working surfaces, the lower signs - for the mechanism with the outer casing with cylindrical working surfaces.

Formula image A freewheel mechanism containing outer and inner rings, whose working surfaces are in one

the flat and the other cylindrical and roller bodies are wedged, mounted between the clips, characterized in that, in order to increase the durability and reliability of the mechanism, it is equipped with cylindrical elastic shank covering each roller with a gap, while the size of the gap between the skin and can be determined from the expression

f + 2H + d + j d ± D) cosci ZCT + cosoi)

where o is the size of the gap

H is the distance from the central axis of the mechanism to the plane of its working surface, d is the outer diameter of the shell, D is the diameter of the cylindrical working surfaces of the yoke, about the minimum allowable angle

jamming of the roller, the upper signs of arithmetic actions correspond to the mechanism having an internal holder with cylindrical working surfaces, the lower signs - to the mechanism with an external holder having cylindrical working surfaces.

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Claims (2)

The upper signs of arithmetic operations correspond to a mechanism with an inner cage with cylindrical working surfaces, lower signs for a mechanism with an external cylindrical working surface. Fo rule and cage with surface The freewheel mechanism contains the outer and inner cages, the working surfaces of one of which are flat and the other have cylindrical and roller jamming bodies installed between the cages, characterized in that, in order to increase the durability and reliability of the mechanism, it is equipped with cylindrical elastic shells covering each roller with a gap, and the gap between the shell and roller is determined from the expression o ₌ + 2H + d + j (d + D) cosc6 2 (T + cost> 67 ’where $ is the gap value, - the distance from the Central axis of the mechanism to the plane of its working surface, - outer diameter of the shell, - the diameter of the cylindrical working surfaces of the cage, ob is the minimum permissible angle of jamming of the roller, the upper signs of arithmetic operations correspond to a mechanism having an internal cage with cylindrical working surfaces, the lower signs - to a mechanism with an external cage having cylindrical working surfaces.