SU1523116A1 - Installation for forming film covers in open ground - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of service, increase reliability and safety during operation. An installation for forming film coatings in open ground contains a frame 1 with support wheels 2. A hopper 3 for blanks is installed on the frame, a mechanism for forming and installing arcuate elements, a film drum 14, plows 15 and pressure wheels 16. The installation is also equipped with a film laying mechanism and a device for automatically controlling the uniformity of film laying. When the plant is moved, seeds from the sowing unit 38 fall into the soil and are poured by the coulters 39 with earth. The arched elements formed from blanks are clogged in the soil and the film laying mechanism is covered with a film to form a film greenhouse. 4 hp f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

Well

20 23

figure 1

77

Joint venture to

WITH

This invention relates to agriculture.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the complexity of maintenance, increase reliability and safety in operation.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed installation, the general view; in fig. 2 - film laying mechanism; in fig. 3 is a device for automatically controlling the uniformity of film laying; in fig. 4 - the same, side view; in fig. 5 - the mechanism of formation and installation of arcuate elements; in fig. 6 — node of mutual arrangement of half arcs; in fig. 7 - pusher of the mechanism for forming and installing the arcuate elements.

The proposed installation contains a frame

Ic with support wheels 2. On the frame 1 there is installed a hopper 3 for blanks, a mechanism 4 for forming and installing arcuate elements, made in the form of the top 5 and bottom 6 half-arcs, one above the other. The upper half-arc 5 is provided in the lower part with a pusher 7 connected to the cam 8 and pivotally connected to the squeezing bar 9. The adjusting bars are mounted on the guide post 10

II and the washer 12. The spring plate 9 is equipped with a spring 13.

The frame 1 also has a drum 14 with a film, plows 15 for fixing the edges of the film and pressure wheels 16, which are equipped with a counterweight 17. The plows 15 are installed with the possibility of rotation at a desired angle depending on the soil moisture. The distance between the support wheels 2 is greater than the distance between the pressure wheels 16.

The installation is also equipped with a film laying mechanism, made in the form of a series of transverse guide rollers 18 and placed behind them three rollers 19, 20 and 21 interacting with each other with disks 22 fixed on them. The middle roller 21 is made with the possibility of reciprocating movement in perpendicular to its axis of the plane and fixation by means of an eccentric 23. The mechanism for moving the middle drum 21 is made in the form of a rack-and-pinion gear 24. Between the film laying mechanism and the pressure wheels 16, s for automatically controlling the uniformity of the film stacking, which is provided in the form of interconnected through the lock 25 of the upper 26 and lower 27 housings. On the lower housing 27, the rollers 28 are fixedly mounted, two of them at an angle O-45 ° to the vertical. The rollers 29 of the upper housing 26 are installed parallel to the rollers 28. The roller 30 is fixed to the shaft 31, which by means of the friction gear 32, the system of levers 33 and the sleeve 34 is connected to the roller 35, which is rotatable and spring-loaded and located between the rollers 28. The roller 36 rotates freely on the shaft 31. All rollers for increasing the coefficient of friction are reinforced with elastic material 37. The installation is equipped with a sowing unit 38 with openers 39. In the front part of the installation, the operator's seat 40 is mounted. A guide arc 41 is installed between the film laying mechanism and the automatic adjustment device.

The proposed installation works barely, blowing manner.

When moving the plant, the seeds from the sowing unit 38 fall into the soil and are sprinkled with earth through the coulters 39, while when the upper half-arc 5 of the mechanism for forming and installing the arcuate elements 4 is in the extreme upper position, the operator, sitting on the seat 40, takes the workpiece from the hopper 3 and lowers it. The workpiece under the action of its own mass falls on the lower half-arc 6. Upper half-arc 5, lowering, pressing the workpiece. Upon further movement down the half-arcs 5 and 6 and the arcuate element 4 sandwiched between them, it is driven into the soil. When the upper semi-arc 5 reaches its lowest position, the pusher 7 rotates the release bar 9 by means of the cam 8. The strip 9 disconnects the arcuate element 4 and pushes it from the lower part of the semi-arc 5. The upper part of the semi-arc 6 releases the element 4 freely due to the angle p. Installed on the rack 40, the adjustment bars 11 and the washer 12 determine by their position the moment of vanishing of the element 4. The spring 13 returns the bar 9 to its original position.

The film from the drum 14 is passed between the rollers 18. A movable roller 21 is then withdrawn by a rack-and-pinion gear 24, and the film is passed between the rollers 19, 20 and 21, after which the roller 21 returns to its original position and is fixed by an eccentric 23. The film missed between the disks 22 It is thrown over the guide arc 41 and charged into a device for automatically controlling the uniformity of the film. For this, the shells 26 and 27 are separated, the film is passed between the rollers 28-30, 35 and 36, and the shells 26 and 27 are joined. Further, the film is tucked under the wheels 16, which in the lowered state presses it against the soil.

When the installation is moving, the film, clamped under the wheels 16 and covered with soil, unwinding from the drum 14, is constantly between the rollers. When the edge of the film is in contact with the roller 30, the shaft 31 rotates continuously, through friction gear 32 and the system of levers 33, turns the sleeve 34 and the roller 35 out of engagement with the film. This state continues until the edge of the film

will not get out of engagement with the roller 30, i.e. when it is shifted to the center. In this way, through feedback through the elements 32, 33 and 34, the roller 30 is again engaged with the film.

Due to the frictional forces, the film is drawn back from the axis of the installation until it engages with the roller 35, during rotation of which the process is stabilized. The film, pressed to the soil by wheels 16, is sprinkled with soil with the help of plows 15, forming a film greenhouse together with clogged arcuate elements.

Claims (5)

1. Installation for the formation of film coatings in open ground, containing a frame with support wheels, a hopper for workpieces installed on it, a mechanism for forming and installing arcuate elements made in the form of upper and lower half-arrays, one above the other, a drum with a film, plows for fixing the edges of the film and pressure wheels, characterized in that, in order to reduce the complexity of maintenance, increase reliability and safety in operation, it is equipped with a film laying mechanism, made in the form of a series of directing rollers and three rollers interacting with each other with rollers fixed to them, while the middle roller is made with the possibility of reciprocating movement in a plane perpendicular to its axis and fixing by an eccentric between the film laying mechanism and the pressure wheels symmetrically the longitudinal axis of the installation is mounted device for automatic 0 five 0 five 0 five controlling the uniformity of the stack ;: the film, with the upper half-arc provided in the lower part with a pusher connected to the cam and hingedly connected to the release bar, and in the upper part located in the longitudinal direction at an angle to the horizontal not exceeding the self-locking angle. 2. Installation under item 1, characterized in that the mechanism for moving the middle drum is made in the form of a rack-and-pinion gear transmission. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for automatically controlling the uniformity of the laying of the film is designed as interconnected by means of a lock of the upper and lower cases with rollers mounted on each of them, while the rollers of the upper case are installed parallel to the rollers of the lower case and associated with them, the rollers of the lower body are fixed and two of them at an angle of about -45 ° to the vertical, and one of the rollers of the upper body is fixed on the shaft, which by means of friction front Chi, a system of levers and the sleeve is bonded to the upper roller housing which is rotatable and spring-loaded and disposed between the lower housing rollers set at an angle. 4. Installation on PP. 1 to 3, characterized in that it is provided with a guide arc between the film laying mechanism and the device for automatically controlling the uniformity of the film laying. 5. Installation according to Claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the support wheels is greater than the distance between the pressure wheels. ZZ, 3 FIG. 2 L fie-M Phi2.5 P 31 thirty f1 / e.Z FC 6 7