SU1503836A1 - Film apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to instrumentation of heat and mass transfer processes occurring in a gas (vapor) - liquid system, and can be used in the chemical, petrochemical, food and related industries to carry out heat-absorbing processes of absorption, desorption, gas drying and evaporation. The purpose of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the apparatus due to a more uniform distribution of fluid over its cross section. The device contains a vertical case 1, a distribution box 2, a power supply 3 and a reception chamber 4, fixed in a tube sheet 7.8 and 9 lifting supply 5 and lowering heat exchange pipe 6. It is provided with a baffle plate 12 placed in the distribution chamber 2 with reverse guiding cones 14, which are mounted coaxially with the tubes 5. The lifting feed tubes 5 are evenly distributed over the cross section of the casing between the tubes 6. The film formers 11 are passed through holes in the plate 12 with an annular gap. The annular space of the apparatus serves to supply coolant. Through pipes 5, the liquid, cooled, rises upwards and through pipes 6 in the descending mode, the gas engine flows downwards with gas. The gas velocity in the drop pipe 6 to 20-30 m / s. 2 ill., 1 tab.

Description

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The invention relates to the instrumental formation of heat and mass transfer processes, gas (vapor) - liquid in the system, and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, food and related industries to conduct heat-absorbing processes of absorption, desorption, gas drying and evaporation.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of operation of the apparatus due to a more uniform distribution of fluid over its cross section.

FIG. 1 shows the apparatus, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - the body of the apparatus, the cross section.

. The film apparatus contains a vertical casing 1 with an upper distribution box 2 and lower chambers; to it 3 and a receiving unit with 4 cameras. Lifting pits, 5 and lower 6 heat exchange tubes are fixed in tube grids 7, 8 and 9. The lower ends of the tube 5 are connected to the feed chamber 20, and the lower tubes 6 with the receiving chamber 4, inside the collection separator 10. On the upper the ends of the dip pipes 6 are installed film formers 11, for example, slotted type. The central channel 25 of the film former 11 serves for the passage of gas (steam), and the annular slotted channel for the liquid. It is possible to use film formers of other types, for example overflow.

The apparatus is equipped with a horizontal baffle plate 12 with openings 13, which is installed in the distribution chamber 2. To the plate 12, bases are attached by reverse guide cones 14, which are directed vertically to the upper ends of the lifting supply tubes 5 coaxially 35 them. The plate 12 divides the space inside the chamber 2 into two parts with the formation of a sedative chamber 15 for liquid above the tube sheet 7. Lifting feed pipes 5 are evenly distributed

the cross section of the housing between the dip pipes 6 (Fig. 2). The film-forming 11 of the pipe 6 is passed through the holes 13 of the plate 12 with a gap.

The feed chamber 3 is formed by tube racks 8 and 9 and is provided with a nozzle 16 for supplying fluid thereto. The pipe 17 of the liquid outlet is located in the lower part of the collector-separator 10. The device is equipped with nozzles for the input 18 and the output 19 of the gas and the coolant 20 and 21.

In the case of using a film apparatus as an evaporator, steam is supplied to the pipe 21, and condensate is discharged through the pipe 20, the secondary steam is discharged through the pipe 19. The need for pipe 18 is eliminated.

The share of the lift pipes in the apparatus is moderate and does not affect abruptly on the bottom section of the heat exchanger tubes.

If denoted by L - the total number of pipes in the body, through d - the diameter of one pipe, m; W is the fluid velocity in the lifting supply pipes, m / s; through IV is the irrigation bulk density., it is possible to record the fluid flow rate for the lifting supply pipes

(i;

(2)

In most cases (absorption, desorption) Qn "Qg, then we have

. , dv / (3)

When the diameter of the pipes (, 021 m and the velocity of the liquid in the lifting pipes m / s, the proportion of the lifting pipes a has the values given in the table.

0.037 0.103 0.132 0.210 0.276

Thus, even with the density of the downhole irrigation. / м.с. The share of lifting feed pipes will be 28%. Then the remaining 72% of the pipes in the apparatus are used for the downward movement of gas and liquid, t. e. downhole pipes prevail.

The proposed device can be used to manage various technological processes. A description of the operation of the film apparatus is given for the case of the absorption process.

The proposed device works as follows.

The liquid is supplied to the apparatus from below through the nozzle 16 and, filling the feeding chamber 3, is evenly distributed between all the feeding tubes 5. Moving upward along these tubes, the fluid is simultaneously cooled. At the top of the pipes 5, the liquid is cut by the guide cones 14, after which it fills the chamber 15. With its excess, it forms above it through the holes 13 in the baffle plate 12

some layer. In the event gas (vapor) is emitted in the pipes 5, but through the same holes 13 is led out into the upper space of the chamber 2.

The liquid from the chamber 15 through the film-co-formers 11 is fed to the irrigation of the standpipe pipes 6, through which it flows down the film, while simultaneously cooling. From the pipes, the liquid enters the receiving chamber 4 of the collection-separator 10.

For heat removal process in between: | In this case, a coolant (water) is introduced into the internal space of the apparatus according to Patrchchtx 20; efficient cooling of the fluid in iim, n lifting tubes allows for lowering. rci ;. : a new load on the standpipes and shea;: - thereby squeeze the technological possibilities and the efficiency of the apparatus.

Thus, the supply of this, j | filYt4V..lttJ | - "- l J - .4ЛП

Due to the uniform placement of the paratha by the horizontal baffle plate of the pipes 5 along the cross section of the apparatus, all sections — with openings and reverse guides.

cones, directed towards the upper ends of the supply pipes,

coaxially with which they are attached, the basics of the tubular grating-7 are equally supplied with fresh liquid, which excludes the formation of its gradients on the tube sheet or any stagnant zones. 15 to the baffle plate, as well as equal- Converse guides of the cone 14 over the number distribution of the lifting supply pipes over the cross section of the housing between the lowering lifting pipes 5 ensure unstressed uniform spreading of fluid around the upper end of each pipe 5.

The fluid in the chamber 15 extinguishes the energy of the jets directed at an angle to the plate 12. The plate 12 protects the liquid layer on the tube plate from the dynamic pressure of the gas at high flow rates. As a result, the distribution of both liquid and gas occurs more autonomously, which improves its uniformity by reducing the mutual influence of the phases.

Gas is supplied at the top of the pipe20.

25

Tubes whose film formers are passed through the holes of the baffle plate with a gap allows for a more even distribution of liquid and gas across the apparatus, ensuring that all the tubes of the apparatus operate in the same mode with high efficiency.

Improving the efficiency of the apparatus and contributes to a more intense in the conditions of the downward gas flow and the liquid film, leading to the processes occurring in the descending pipes, uniform

on the area of the upper tubular lattice trough 18. From the space of the distribution water of the working fluid, the absence of directional chambers 2 is through the central channels of the capillary flow of fluid on the upper lattice formers And enters the lowering and, therefore, the absence of gradient reaction tubes 6. In pipes liquids on it, Tavnomerds in the mode of the descending motorized irrigation with liquid of the dip pipes,

film of liquid. Due to its high expansion of technological possibilities of speed (up to 20–30 m / s), the flow of film 35 tons, the flexibility of the apparatus, is accelerated. Intensive impact on the captivity of the intensification of the heat exchange process

in the drop pipes.

liquid, gas is actively mixed due to the presence in its flow of turbulent pulsations and roughness, the crest of waves on the free surface of the liquid film. Due to this, there is an intensive update of the contact surface of gas and liquid. This ensures high intensity of the processes carried out in the apparatus and high phase throughput.

The use of a downward throttle of gas and a film of liquid allows creatures of downcomers.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 40 to intensify heat removal (1.2–2 times). Uniform distribution of fluid through the pipes of the apparatus provides film machine. Leaving the pipe 6, gas and liquid dispenser A film apparatus containing a vertical housing with nozzles for supplying and discharging liquid and gas, upper distribution and lower supply and reception chambers, lifting supply and down heat exchange tubes connected to the lower ends, respectively, with tubular brushes feed and receiving chambers, film formers installed at the upper ends of the standpipes, and reverse guiding cones over the pi — the possibility of such intensification with the use of pipes, characterized in which, in relation to the conditions of work mnogotrub-in order to increase the efficiency of apparatus due to a more uniform distribution of fluid over its cross section, it is equipped with are made in the collector-separator 10. The gas chamber above the top tube sheet is drawn through the pipe 19, and the liquid is equipped with a precantor baffle plate with holes in the bottom of the collector-sepa, to which the base of the connector, from where it is discharged through the pipe back guide cones, vertex 17. The direction directed to the upper ends of the lift. To remove the heat of the process in between: | In this case, a coolant (water) is introduced into the internal space of the apparatus according to Patrchchtx 20; efficient cooling of the fluid in iim, n lifting tubes allows for lowering. rci ;. : a new load on the standpipes and shea;: - thereby squeeze the technological possibilities and the efficiency of the apparatus. Thus, the supply of this aiP coaxially with which they are attached by bases to the baffle plate, as well as the uniform distribution of the lifting supply pipes over the cross section of the housing between the lowering Tubes whose film formers are passed through the holes of the baffle plate with a gap allows for a more even distribution of liquid and gas across the apparatus, ensuring that all the tubes of the apparatus operate in the same mode with high efficiency. Improving the efficiency of the apparatus and contributes to a more intense in the conditions of the downward gas flow and the liquid film, leading to the processes occurring in the descending pipes, uniform the intensification of the process of te in the drop pipes. Invention Formula A film apparatus containing a vertical housing with nozzles for supplying and discharging liquid and gas, upper distribution and lower supply and reception chambers, lifting supply and lowering heat exchange tubes connected to the supply tube and receiving feed tubes coaxially with them at the same time the lifting feed pipes are evenly distributed over the cross section of the body between FIG. 2 downpipes, and film formers are passed through the holes of the baffle plate with a gap.