SU1496663A1 - Method of clearing lands covered with woody plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the development of lands overgrown with shrubs and low forest. The purpose of the invention is to increase the fertility of the soil and reduce the time of agricultural development. The above-ground part of the tree-shrub vegetation is cut off and moved beyond the limits of the cultivated area for grinding into chips of 3–12 cm. Nitrogen-containing mineral fertilizer is applied to the soil surface of the developed area at the rate of 3.3-6.7 kg of nitrogen per 1 ton of above-ground mass and underground parts of wood. After 30-60 days, the stumps writhe, remove and grind, and chips are evenly applied to the soil surface and plowed for composting with mineral fertilizers directly in the soil along with the remaining roots. 5 tab.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the development of lands overgrown with shrubs and low forest.

The aim of the invention is to increase the fertility of the soil and reduce the time of agricultural development.

The method is carried out as follows.

The cutting of the above-ground part of the shrub is carried out throughout the year by cutting of the active MTP-13A with rolls and bags, which are then trilled to the chipping machines located on the object by mobile chippers. After that to the soil surface

nitrogen-containing mineral fertilizer (for example, ammophos, nitrophosphate, etc.) is applied with a spreader RUM-8 (pulverized or granulated chemical meliorant) or with ABA-0.5 and AK-5 machines (for application of liquid fertilizers).

Chips are introduced into the soil before its primary plowing. Since the chemical meliorantum is introduced into the soil immediately after the above-ground part of the forest shrub is reduced, root loosening begins before the introduction of chips, i.e. 2 to 3 months earlier, which reduces the time required for the restoration and growth of soil fertility. During the technological break (30-60 days), necessary for the decomposition of shallow ji; D

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It is used to grind the above-ground part of the wood into chips. In this way, the flowability and continuity of the land management method with active regulation of the decomposition of wood in the soil is ensured.

It was established that the optimal nitrogen intake dose is 3.3-6.7 kg per ton of wood (Table 1).

The nitrogen intake dose is set taking into account the weight of the aboveground and underground parts of the wood, taking into account that the root mass in the shrub and low forest accounts for 25% of the total forest and shrub vegetation.

The mass of wood in shrubs and low forest (respectively, and the mass of roots) depends on their breed compound, size and thickness (Table 3).

Taking into account these indicators, doses of chemical meliorants per unit area are established (Table 3).

The uprooting of the stumps and roots remaining after cutting the above-ground part of the forest shrub is made by mounted mounted harrows and rotary root lifters.

The cut off part of the tree-shrub vegetation is crushed into chips on mobile chippers of type LO-63, equipped with hydraulic manipulators for the mechanical loading of raw wood. .

The proposed method in comparison with the known provides stimulation of the activity of beneficial microorganisms, reduces the time of decomposition of wood to 1-2 years, can be used

both in the presence of a large shrub and small forests, and on lands with a lower humus horizon thickness (10–20 cm) than the known method (at least 25 cm).

The effectiveness of the proposed method as compared with the known one is illustrated by the research results given in Tables 4 and 5 (wood weight 30 t / ha).

The content of humus, nutrients, nitrifying ability of sod-podzolic soil and the yield of oats on it in the 1-3rd years after development with the proposed method is much higher than with the known.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of development of land covered with woody vegetation, including cutting the aerial part of woody-shrub vegetation, uprooting stumps and large roots, characterized in that, in order to increase soil fertility and reduce the time of agricultural development, the cut down dzdzemnuyu part of wood is crushed into 3- 12 cm outside the area to be mastered, nitrogen-containing mineral fertilizer is applied to the soil surface at the rate of 3.3–6.7 kg of nitrogen per ton of wood, after 30–60 days stumps writh, remove and grind chipped, and chips, spreading evenly over the soil surface, are plowed for composting. Spruce Up to 1 1-2 Aspen Up 1 1-2 Spruce Up to 1 1-2 Aspen to 1 1-2 Table 1 Note. The lowest values are for shrubs and low and low density forests. Type of woody vegetation Table 2 Table3 Doses of nitrogen, t / ha, with accelerated decomposition of the root wood species with e 2.12 12.1 2.34 2.58 18.6 27.4 3.24 3.79 38.2 52.5 Table4 15.2 2.3 22.8 31.1 5.2 7.4 32.3 45.7 7.8 11.7 Table5