SU14929A1 - Wick torch for liquid fuel - Google Patents

Description

Existing wick burners, equipped with restrictive washers and used to burn liquid fuel for lighting or heating, have various disadvantages, for example, the fuel does not burn in them quite well, and as a result, its lighting and heating power is used only partly; it is sufficiently white and, when heated, it is not able to develop the desired amount of heat, since the air supply to the flame cannot be controlled independently of the adjustment for the most advantageous formation of gas and the height of the flame, whereby the fuel does not receive enough air for its combustion, which occurs with the spread of smell, and the air of the illuminated or heated room deteriorates. The burner tank heats up strongly during combustion, which results in the release of easily volatile and foul-smelling, rapidly evaporating fuel components from the liquid fuel. The wick needed to form a flame after each use of the device needs to be cleaned and requires frequent changes. After notuhan, foul-smelling gases continue to form for some time.

The proposed wick burner is intended to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, without requiring a change in the design of currently used lamps or furnaces.

The essence of the invention is that the illumination power and, accordingly, the heat output capacity of one and the same burner remains unchanged: depending on the non-movement of the wick. To accomplish this, a portion of the wick, which serves to form a flame and that either burns itself or only causes the liquid to turn into gas, is bounded below by a certain line that limits the size of the flame and prevents it from being transferred to the bottom of the wick, even if This part produces gases. Separation of wick into hot and cold zone, i.e. limiting the flame from spreading downward is accomplished by means of a restrictive washer, which can be solid or perforated or connected to the grid, in which it can be used separately or in conjunction with the upward extending

an evaporative cap or a heating cap with a continued E below. This washer diverts a portion of the heat supplied by the flame to the atmosphere and surrounds the fitpl so that air can rise up between it and the pucker, which also helps to cool the bottom of the wick.

In order to maximize the use of the illumination or heating forces produced by the burner, the adjustment of the gas formation in the latter is made regardless of the amount of air supplied to the burner from the inside. The amount of air supplied to the outside, the direction of its flow and the angle at which the air meets the flame can be changed without changing the favorable height of the flame, depending on the size of the device, on the air pressure in the room and on the room temperature. A round flame can be formed above the flat wick, and a flat flame above the round wick, that is, the shape and size of the flame can be changed according to one or another requirement.

If the burner nlam is intended to produce glowing light, then a fine mesh, usually used for the Auer arms, is made to glow in this lamp so that it is surrounded by a wreath of flame, which need not pass through the fabric of the glowing body.

In order to transform a lighting flame into a burning high-temperature heating flame for glow light or, in the case of existing kerosene ovens or KyxoHHbix burners for heating any objects, this burner is designed so that the flame or wicked on the edge of the wick and restricting sludge , the installation washer encircled one or more of the blindfolds or passages equipped with air-suction channels, so that the mud would be turned into Bunsen. The proposed burner also allows the distribution of liquid fuel from one central unit by means of pipelines or pglangs, so that the combustion of fuel can take place without directly connecting the burner to the tank in which the fuel is placed.

In FIG. 1 shows, in partial vertical section, a kerosene lamio with a round wick, having internal and external air regulation; FIG. 2, 3 and 4 is a vertical section of the upper parts of the round burners of various shapes, with Yoko shcheysi on the upper end of the wick restrictive shcheyba; FIG. 5 is a plan view of a flat torch with a restrictive washer pulled over the wick; FIG. 6 is a vertical section of it; FIG. 7 is a plan view of a restrictive jaw implanted on a flat wick that serves to turn a flames flame into a circular flame: FIG. 8-vertical section of it; FIG. 9: - view from above EIDOELVnennoy restrictive washers with ilomedistributor; FIG. 10 is a vertical section of it: FIG. 11 is a vertical section of a burner provided with a glowing body; FIG. 12-vertical incision of a burner mounted on v |) ittil lamp or kitchen burner with a round flame: fng. 13- permit :; along line XII-XII of FIG. 12: FIG. 14 is a vertical section of a burner mounted on a flat wick of a lamp; FIG. 15-modified torch for a flat wick lamp; FIG. 16 perspective perspectives; FIG. 17 - vertical heating lamna. powered by o6ijj; ero reservoir, with the help of the pipeline; FIG. IS-filament body, attached to the end of the flexible fuel pipe for suspension or glow lighting with a downward-facing burner in a vertical section; FIG. 19-use burners for heating bodies. composed of separate constituent units serving for heating purposes: FIG. 20-partly cut-out cooking attachment independent of the mounting plate, which can be installed instead of lamp glass; FIG. 21, 22 and 23 vertical sections of other forms of burners; FIG. 24 is a vertical sectional view of a modified burner for incandescent light; fng 25 is a perspective view of a flat-burner kerosene lamp turned into a stove for cooking; Fig. 26 is a flat-burner lamp, in which the air tube is connected to a metal cap that gives the flame its desired shape.

A 5-wick tube b passing through the tank 1 intended for fuel and supported by the yoke draws air through the openings 8 in the stand

the lamp, to the inner surface of the flame formed at the end of the wick, which is deflected and expanded by a lame distributor 7 mounted on the upper end of the rod 9. The latter, in turn, is held and guided by

inserts 10 and 11 placed inside pipe 3. For raising and lowering rod 9, an IS transverse pin attached to stem 9 fitted with a barrel 13 serves. This IS pin can be moved in an upwardly curved notch 14. made at the top of the stand lamps, due to which, when moving the said pin, the distance of the flame distributor is 7 from the crown of the flame, the number of supplied. through the tube about the air, as well as the speed of the latter can be changed

; even by the smallest amount, according to which the lower edge of the cutout can be provided with teeth, in which the cross pin 12, after installation, can be more firmly fixed. The lower end of the rod 9 (Fig. 11) may also have the shape of a toothed rack 9a, in which the teeth include a drive mechanism 55 mounted on a spindle 34 fitted with a handwheel. The guides 10s 11 (Fig. 1) are spring-loaded, so that they are kept in the pipe 5 in one or another position without any fastening and can be inserted into the tube 5 of the BCNK31 of the finished lamp afterwards. Since the said guides are provided with through holes, they do not interfere with the passage of air, are constantly cooled with them and do not harm the heat of the tank with fuel contained in it. The flame distributor 7 has only a small mass and therefore does not transfer heat to the rod .9 and its guides. The tubular wick 6 and its tube 15 can be raised and lowered by means of a known gear drive and a rotating spindle 17. The tube 15 is guided by tube 16 connected to a burner basket holding lamp glass S and together with this screwed into the opening of the tank lid 1. E of the outer part of the flame the air is led not only through the slots 18, but also through the openings 19 of the burner basket, on top of which the rotating ring 20 is pulled in. Openings Oa of this

the rings can be matched with the holes 19 under them, having the same shape as the first, and. Thus, air ports can be completely open. By appropriately turning said ring, the openings 19 can be closed, thereby achieving an adjustment of the upper air supply. The material stamped during the manufacture of the holes 19 can be bent upward in the form of tabs 19a, serving to support the lower edge of the inserted lamp glass 24. In lamps of known design, flame control and air supplied from the inside can be made only simultaneously with lifting or waving and a wick that is in the first In this case, the formation of gas increases and at the same time reduces the amount of air supplied, while in the second case, the reverse occurrences are observed. In the proposed burner, the supply of additional air to the flame from the outside supplements not only the amount of air required for full combustion, but also acts on the lamp pull, thus changing the speed and cooling, whereby the angle of air meeting with the flame can be changed for a corresponding change in the shape of the flame, its size, and also to turn it into a heating or lighting flame. To achieve these actions, a cap-shaped restriction washer 21, which is loosely applied to the upper edge of the hose wick 6, and generally speaking, can have a different shape. The restrictive washer 21 has a shape depending on a round or flat wick (Fig. 2, 3, 4, o, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10) and, in its part which lies on the edge of the fit, is equipped with holes 21a. . distributed according to the desired shape of the flame. The wick on the outside of the wick portion of the cap-shaped restriction washer is provided with a protruding annular flange 21b (Fig. 2-4).

In FIG. 2, a burner sleeve 33 is inserted into the annular restrictor washer, which supports a replaceable flame distributor 22 intended to broaden the end of the flame. Hole sleeve 23 and restrictive washer 21 can be made of one piece. Failed

from the inside, air enters from tube 5 through the openings of sleeve 83 to the flame. The distance of flame arrester S3 (Fig. 2, 3) from the upper edge of the wick 6 and the supply of internal air in this case are unchanged. To ignite, the wick b turned upwards causes the fire to ignite on the outside, lower than the flange 2V of the restrictive washer, after which the formation of gas begins. Gases escaping through the opening of the Sha through the holes of the air tube 83, if any, can be ignited separately, although silt, hot; below the Sib flange, they can be ignored through the flange and ignite the gas above restrictive washer 21.

The plum below the flange .21L is extinguished by means of lowering the wick, after which the lamp glass 24 is put on. The restrictive washer S1 is very hot and gives its teilote to the upper edge of the wick, due to which a stable formation of gas is achieved. Plum can not be thrown back to the fitpl, since on the one hand the last stitch is sought by flange 21b. on the other hand, pipes 1o and 16 and the wick cools the air and ice, upwardly fresh air. Exact adjustment is accomplished by fitting the wick to a height that corresponds to a more favorable gas formation and, moreover, by turning the aforementioned ring 50 (Fig. 1). In order to extinguish the flame of the lamp, the wick is slowly lowered down until the flange 21b of restrictive washer S1 lays on tube 16 and the wick of the wick comes out somewhat backwards from the hollow space, which is freely attached to the restrictive washer. In this case, the formation of gas is reduced; the nlam itself also decreases as the edge of the wick moves away from the aperture 81a and eventually goes out.

In the modified burner shown in FIG. 3, the flame gap 22 is inserted into the perforated sleeve S3, which is pushed into the tube o; The restrictive washer S1 is provided with a bent edge portion 21c, through which the sleeve 23 freely passes. Pa the flange 33 of the Sib washer is resting edge flange 33, made of mesh or perforated sheet metal. Regulation of the air supplied from the inside in this burner takes place as in the case of the known lamps. In order to extinguish the flame, the file is slowly rolled down, at whose edge part 21c of the restrictor washer sits on the tube -5 and the contact between the edge of the wick and the perforated part of the restriction washer is broken, causing the flame to go out. The edge flange S5 serves to prevent the nlum from igniting the free part of the wick iodine with the Sib flange, if that, with a possible sudden change in air pressure, was deflected downwards, for example, when there was a gust of wind from above through the lamp glass.

In the burner shown in FIG. 4, the flange 81b of the restrictor washer supports the cap 26 surrounding the washer, having the shape of a truncated cone. This cap serves to vent air, which cannot get into the lamp glass directly, but is mounted in the direction of the arrows and is thus brought to the outside of the lamp. In the case of a flat wick (Figs. 5, 6), the latter is guided by tube 1-) and a restrictive washer 21 of an appropriate shape fits loosely or firmly onto it, the firing is performed as described above, but can be achieved by means of a spark-forming device to the koroik in such a way that the sparks hit the wick raised upwards. In this case, there is no need to remove the glass for lamp shading. The resulting gas passes through the orifice 21a of the restrictor washer and fuses it. After ignition, the free surface of the wick lying under the flange is wrapped in a pipe (li).

Pa figs. 7 and 8 of the shape of the restriction plate for flat fittings, which has only two openings 21a. The washer is connected to a perforated annular chamber 30. which covers the said openings 21a so that the resulting gas passes from the openings 21a to the inside of the ring, which is provided with ZOa openings in its cover, its surface, around which the outgoing gases peel out. Thus, it is possible to obtain round sludge with a flat wick. If necessary, you can arrange another hole ZOR on the inner and outer side walls of the ring 30.

The burner shown in FIG. 9 and 10 also serves to obtain a circular flame from a flat wick and to provide in-line air supply. A replaceable hole sleeve 83, which supports the flame distributor 82, is installed on a pin-clamped washer, inside the hollow ring, which supports the flame distributor 82. On the sides of the perforated annular chamber there is a mesh edge flange 55, which serves for the purposes indicated above.

In the case of use of the incandescent body, the flame distributor 7, mounted on the rod 9, expands conically upward and has a recess 7a on its upper surface, which includes a pin 3S of the incandescent body 33, made of grid parts and has a form 1. The base 32 could also replace the flame distributor 7 and it can be mounted directly onto the rod 9. Since it is enough for the heat so that the resulting gas contacts the body of the glowing body, only outside, the latter can be made more dense and durable. The shape that is attached to the incandescent body corresponds to the shape of the flame, and the lower convex part of it complements the flame distributor 7 in its action. Since the glowing body does not glow with heating, but with a glowing flame, the resulting light is a mixture of kerosene and Auer light. During the initial adjustment of the burner, the incandescent body is precisely lowered into the surrounding flame, and to increase the brightness of the latter, it is advisable to use a tube glass, narrowing it over the flame, or, deflecting it with a cap 36, shown in FIG. 4. In this embodiment of the lamp, the tube ends down above the fuel reservoir and the inlet and, when this air passes through the tube inserted from the side, the stem 9 can be moved by a serrated drive 33 which engages the teeth of the rail 9a, the spindle 34 through the tube oh comes out. If the tube 5 passes through the reservoir 1, then the spindle 34 and the toothed irivod 33 can be arranged in the lamia box. The leg displacement is also suitable for kerosene pumps with a round wick. In this case, the shnindel 34 is located just under the spindle, serving to adjust the wick, so that when the burner is inserted into the furnace shell

Lg 1

Both spindles can be inserted into a common slot in the housing.

In the embodiment of the burner shown in FIG. 12 and 13, for kerosene stoves or lamps, the upper ends of the pipes 5 and 15, guiding the wicker wick 6, are bent outward, as a result of which the kerosene, which quickly condenses when the lamp is attenuated, accumulates between the bent portions of the tubes and its wick. In the uppermost part of the curved ends of the wick tubes, holes 5a, 15a are arranged, through which air enters to cool part of the wick under the restrictive washer 21. When igniting the flame in this part, the said wicker serves to fire the flame. On the inner and outer edges of the restrictive washer 21, provided with openings 21a, non-overlapping perforated caps 23a, 23b of hardened sheet metal are mounted on each other, forming an air sleeve and connected to each other and with the restrictive washer by means of stem 2 and cross member 5 held by nuts in the correct position relative to each other. The inner cap 23a is surrounded in its lower part by a nongole mesh 4, which, up to a certain height, encircles the periphery of the collar, in order to prevent the flame from being thrown back onto the wick; it can also be completely covered with a wire mesh 4a and the lower part of the outer cap 23b. as shown in FIG. 13 by notation. If using this burner it is desirable to obtain an ordinary flame, then ignition and flame formation is performed over the restrictive washer 21 but in the manner explained with the previously described forms of execution. External air is supplied to the flame through the openings of the collar 23b, while the air rising through the inner wick tube U reaches the flame through the openings of the internal cap 23a and heated by the flame in the pr area formed by the two caps, causes a strong force that turns the lighting flame into Wuzpepo . If this hot flame is to be used for cooking, etc., then hoods without an upper disk are used.

For burners with flat wicks (Fig. 14), the rectangular cap 23 is attached to the restrictive washer 21 loosely mounted on the edge of the wick, or it can be freely put on the washer, but in the case of the lower case it is possible to keep it in height so: dl igniting the burner, the kolnak 23 can be lifted directly over the restrictive washer, like luminaire glass. The internal air supply in this case is absent. Caps 23a and 23b, between which nlam is formed, are made in the form of frusto-conical truncated cones (Fng. 15, 16), which are mounted on the restrictive jay 21 covering the flat wick and transform the Nlos flame into a conical Bupzen. The upper free edges of the hubcaps are interconnected by means of wires 36 or by the help of metal strips holding the inner cap in a certain position relative to the outer one. The inner cap has a solid bottom, which causes the nlam to flow into the cone-shaped flow, in a particular case, fresh air can be supplied to the inner truncated cone through tubes passing through the firing chamber.

On fig. Figure 17 shows a lamp whose burner is powered from a fuel tank located at a distance and, if necessary, several similar lamps are attached to the tank for lighting or heating. The tank 37, depending on the need, is installed at an elevation or is under pressure or vacuum action and is provided with a protrusion P1, above the liquid level with a tube. 56 for a suction wick, which as it draws, sucks the fuel from the tank into the pipe 38. Attached to the most recent: a flexible pipe or hose -5.9 brings the fire through the wick, and the wick enclosed in it to the fitting. 6 lamps or burners. 1caps 23a and 23b of the latter, which are separated from the restrictive washer 21 to the rod 5, which enters the lamp stem and can be raised or lowered during the switching of the actuator 2a, so that the position of the air passage formed by the hoods can be changed. In the particular case, the inner cap can be connected with a restrictive washer and only the outer one is made adjustable by means of the actuator 2a. The restrictive washer is replaced with a simple metal frame or metal mesh, designed to prevent the flame from reversing.

FIG. 18 shows the installation of a perforated sleeve 23, as an air tube for an inverted heating burner equipped with a non-opening wick edge with a restricting washer 21. The frame 40 of this burner is connected to the external air duct and is simultaneously adapted for communication with the connecting hose 39, supplied with fuel last wick. 19 depicts a heating body consisting of several parts heated by a kerosene burner. Each of the burner devices, consisting of a restrictive washer and a cap 23, is inserted into the open bottom of the tubular heating body 41 and mounted on a common pipe 39a supplying fuel.

In order to reverse the kerosene lamp, a cap 23b is inserted into the burner instead of the lamp glass into the burner (phing 20). The inner cap 23a is arranged to be lower, held in its position relative to the outer cap 23b by means of strips bb and extends into a space surrounded by an annular restriction washer 21. On the outer surface of the restrictor shaft, as well as near the upper end of the outer wick tube 16, holes are provided, the holes in the wick tube serve to cool the wick for the initial ignition. After ignition and the formation of a flame, the caps used to form the air tube are fitted at the holes located in the restrictor washer, and then the court designed for heating the CO is placed on the outer bell.

Pictured on phpg. 21, the burner is provided with a restriction washer, consisting of two concentric rings 21c and 2Y, interconnected by wickers 42 which are thrown over the edge of the wick and used to hold the restriction washer on the wick. The installation of the kolnak 23a: and 556 in height is the same as in the burner shown in FIG. 17

In a modified burner (Fig. 22) on. The main suction wick 6 is fitted with an asbestos suction ring 6a, which passes through the upper part of the restriction washer, which, according to the purpose, consists of two concentric rings Sic and 31d, interconnected by thin pins passing through the asbestos ring. The rings 21c and 3M which make up the restrictive washer may

H

. to be made in tandem with the respective housings 23a and S3b and connected by the tabs 42 (Fig. 23).

FIG. 24 depicts an incandescent lamp extending the light downwards. A running inner stem 2 supports a cap-shaped inner cap 28a, while the outer cap 23b open at the bottom is suspended from the restriction washer 31. This restriction; ff CU, the positive washer can be made of one piece with an outer casing. Plum burns below the air tube in the space & body formed by the hemispherical body glow. The glass cap and the means for removing the gaseous gore products are not shown in the drawing.

FIG. 25 depicts a lamina with a flat

the burner, in which the outer wick tube 16 serves as an air span and

4 is provided with slots 16a for this. The reverse transfer of the flame to the lower part of the wick is prevented by the perforation of the vapn restrictive washer 81, in its form corresponding to the wick l formed in the form of the wick flange 16. Under the restrictive washer in the wick

In the pipe there are holes 16a for igniting the lower part of the wick and for cooling this part of the wick after burning the flame in its upper part. These openings are closed completely or partly by means of a replaceable sleeve. In a kerosene lamp with a flat burner shown in FIG. 26, the internal cap ZZa is mounted on a conventional burner head 44, which in a particular case can be made lifting, and also connected to the inner side of its restriction washer or it can serve as the last height limiter, while the outer coliac 23b is inserted into the burner Uy head instead of lamp glass.

The subject of the patent

1. A wick torch for a liquid hot drum that has a restrictive washer on the wick, characterized by the restrictive washer S1. uio.1neina, in the form of the upper edge of the optic and freely mounted on the wick, is provided in the part adjacent to the upper edge of the wick with holes 81a for the passage of combustible gases, and for cooling part of the wick lying below the restrictive washer and leaving the wick tube, the air supplied for combustion through this tube serves (Figs. 1, 5, 6, 7 and 8).

2. Use in the burner, described in paragraph 1, to prevent flame from tilting to the lower part of the fitting 6 coming out of the wick tube 5, 6, the edge flange 25 made of thin perforated metal or from a metal mesh on the restrictive washer 51 (Fig 3, 9 and 10).

3. Application in the burner, characterized by E p. 1, above the restrictive washer 21 of the flame distributor 7, 22 (f. 1, 2, 3, 10 and I).

4. Application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, of a vertically movable dish-shaped flame distributor 22, equipped, for the purpose of supplying air to the flame through the wick tube 3, with a perforated sleeve 23 installed or on the restriction washer 21 (Fig. 2) or wick on the wick tube o (FIG. 3), with the wick 6 end for closing with the side stop, the restrictive washer 21 is provided with an annular part 21c (Figs 2, 3 and 11).

5. Application in the burner, characterized in paragraph 1, associated with the restrictive washer 21 of the deflecting KO.Ipacka 26, in order to direct air supplied to the flame (Fig. 4).

6. Application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, with the aim of turning a flat flame into a round burner with a flat wick, a perforated annular chamber 30, mounted on the upper part of a rectangular restrictive tape 21 (Fig. 5, 7, 8 and 10) .

7. Application in the burner, characterized in and. 1, placed inside the restrictor washer 21 (FIG. 11) and mounted on a heatable flame retardant form 33 which is placed on a movable ilmeastorechitel 7 of the glowing body 33.

8. Application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, with the aim of turning

a lighting flame in a flame for heating, - a perforated surrounding wick 6, for supplying outside air, a cap 23 on a stitch washer 21 (Fig. 14).

9. The application of the burner described in paragraph 1, in the case of using a wick shaped wick, uses two hole caps 23a, 23b surrounding the 21 flame above the restrictive washer, each of which caps serves as a separate air pipe (Fig. 12), Moreover, the side surfaces of the caps 23a, 23b can be fully or partially covered with wire mesh 4a, 4 (Fig. 12 and 17).

10.Application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, of wick-round tubes 5, 15, the upper ends of which are bent away from the wick 6, are provided with holes oa, 15a in the sides and in the place of bend (Fig. 12,17).

11.Application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, of caps S3a, 23b located above the restrictive washer 21 of a flat wick and having the shape of open-top truncated cones, of which the inner cone, in order to transform a flat flame into a cone-shaped, is provided with a solid bottom (Fig . 15 and 16).

12. Application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, of caps 23a, 23b, whose position in height can be adjusted relative to restrictive washer 21e (Figures 17, 21 and 22).

13. The application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, of caps 23, ZZa, 556, integral with the restrictive washer 21b and adjustable in height from the wick 6 (Fig. 23).

14. The application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, attached to it, through a flexible pipe 39 with a pipe 58, a tank 37 for fuel using a suction wick in pipe 56 and in flexible pipes 39 (Fig. 17).

15. The application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, of the restrictive washer 21о, in the form of the collar surrounding the wick 6 (Fig. 21 and 22), which can be made up of two concentric rings 21c adjacent to either side of the wick 6. 21d, connected by yoke 48, slung over the wick edge (Fig. 21, 22 and 23).

16. Application of the wick tube 16 in the burner, described in paragraph 1, the upper part of which has the shape of a cap and plays the role of an air tube, etc. what is the restrictive washer 81 made in the form of an annular flange to the pipe 16 (Fig. 24).

17.Application in the burner, described in paragraph 1, of two caps: the outer cap 23b, connected to the outer ring of the restriction washer 21e and the inner cap 23a, associated with its inner ring 31d (Fig. 21). figaLT .., .., 115b

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22, 23

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Type of. Hydro Exercise Manage

FIG. 12