SU1490213A1 - Method of erecting a blast-deposited dam - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction of hydraulic structures, and in particular to methods of erecting dams with a directional explosion. The purpose of the invention is to reduce labor costs and increase work safety. In the process, the linear charges of explosives forming certain zones of the dam profile are located in the sides of the gorge at different heights, determined by the calculated dependence. This provides both the necessary compaction of the dam soil and its additional crushing. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to the construction of hydraulic structures, and in particular to methods of erecting dams with a directional explosion.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce labor costs and increase work safety.

The drawing is a schematic representation of a totin, a slit.

The method is carried out as follows.

At the site preliminarily for erecting an explosive dam in the sides of the gorge, from where there is a lot of dumping by known methods, the blockiness (granulometric composition) of the rock mass is determined, and then in the laboratory by standard methods

determine the density of the rock mass of such a composition in the extremely loose state YO (corresponding to the free dumping of material without compaction) and its strain modulus E.

Then, using the known dependences or experimentally determine the maximum required density of the rock mass in the central zone of the dis. providing the project specified permeability of the dam.

Thereafter, the height of the charges of blasted substances (BB) in different sections of a given Ni dam profile is determined by the formula

H - 2E (Y, -Y,)

  g1 (s)

R

N5

:about

where uch T "- (-I (CN) (1 L

Well E

L JVu - tight Tj soil in cross section

a dam located at a distance y from its axis, t / m3;

the height of the linear charges above the center of the body of the cross section of the dam, located at a distance y from its axis, m; - modulus of deformation of the material of the dam, Mg;

dam profile length, m;

 - density of the dam material in the loose state (without compaction), t / m,

Vwarvc is the maximum required plasticity of the dam along its profile (set depending on the required permeability), t / m, y — distance from the axis of the dam

considered section, m This ensures both the necessary compaction of the dam soil and its additional crushing. And all this is done at no additional cost, only due to the appropriate location of explosives charges.

At the same time, the compaction of the soil in the dam and the degree of its fragmentation are uneven along its profile. The most dense and fragmented zone is located in the central part of the dam, closer to the slopes, both the density and the degree of fragmentation are reduced, taking on the slopes themselves the minimum possible values for a given soil. The continuity of the change in the density and granulometric composition provides suffusional stability of the soil, and its increased size on the spit provides increased strength in relation to wave effects and erosion by filtration flow.

In this case, the mass of explosive charges is determined by the known formulas: depending on the volume of the design profile of the dam.

The proposed method can be used for soils of different grain size with initial density (about I, 6-1, 9 t / m and deformation modulus E 10-100 MPa. At the same time, the maximum density of the rock mass

n central cho) 1lx dams can be taken within the limits ;; t To - 2.4-2.5 (with a bulk density of soil particles 2.65-2.8 t / m).

Example. The height of the plot is 50 ps 50 km along the river bed 2L 300 m. The density and compressibility parameters of the mountain range determined in the laboratory are

YO 1,715 t / m,

IE 80 MPa.

The maximum density determined in the laboratory in the central zone of the dam, 11 max, corresponding to the permeability given by the project (5 m / day) is 2.25 t / m. With this in mind, we get

, 2.25 - 0.00357 y and Pr ,, (ys) - I, 715)

  - (2jvTT7T5 Formula Invention

A method for erecting an emergency reserve dam, which includes a directional explosion of linear charges located in the gorge, characterized in that, in order to reduce labor costs and increase the safety of work, linear charges of explosives that form certain areas of the dam profile are located at different sides of the gorge profile of the dam at different heights above the center of the body of the profile of the dam, defined by the following dependence:

n - 2E (,)

  TI vrlT where GU + (-);

 - soil density in the cross section of a dam located at a distance y from its axis;

C | —the height of the linear charges above the center of the solid of the cross section of the dam located at a distance y from its axis, m;

E - the modulus of deformation of the material of the dam, Sha,

L is the half length of the dam, m;

o is the density of the dam material in the loose state (without compaction),

Y / var c max requires the density of the dam along the axis of its dam (depending on the required

permeability), t / m; y is the distance from the axis of the dam to the section in question, m

Claims (2)

Claims A method of erecting an explosive-filling dam, including a directed explosion of linear charges located on the side of the gorge, characterized in that, in order to reduce labor costs and improve work safety, linear explosive charges forming certain zones of the dam profile are located at the sides of the gorge at various points of the dam profile at different heights above the center of gravity of the dam profile, determined by the following relationship: ^N u 2E (b.) Go < ² Gh U _o > where fly = y ₀ + ( _yax - ^) (> - ^); Jpy - soil density in the cross section of the dam, located at a distance from its axis; Hj is the height of the linear charges above the center of gravity of the dam section located at a distance y from its axis, m; E is the deformation modulus of the dam material, UTa, L - half-length of the dam profile, ^m '” Yo is the density of the dam material in a loose state (without compaction), t / m ³ ; i I 49021 3 / chax ~ the maximum required density of the dam along the axis of its profile (set depending on the required water permeability), t / m · ³ ; y is the distance from the axis of the dam to the section in question, m