SU1489695A1 - Method of producing powder from licorice extraction - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to food

2

industry. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the finished product by increasing the yield of glycyrrhizic acid and extractives and speeding up the process. Crushed raw licorice root is poured with chloroform at a ratio of 1: 5 to remove ballast substances, the solvent is removed, then carry out repeated extraction of the raw material with water. The clarification of the combined extracts can be carried out by centrifugation, and they can be dried by lyophilization or spraying. 2 з.п, ф-л,

2 tab.

The invention relates to the food industry and can be used in the confectionery industry and brewing.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the finished product by increasing the yield of glycyrrhizic acid and extractives and speeding up the process.

The essence of the Method lies in the fact that the raw material before extraction is pre-treated with freshly distilled chloroform with a raw material ratio of chloroform 1: 5 to lighten the extract and remove ballast substances, followed by removal of the solvent, and the purified raw material (precipitate) is extracted with water in the ratio of precipitate to water 1: 5 within 3-4 hours three times.

The obtained extracts are combined and centrifuged, and then dried by pu—

by lyophilization or spraying to a powder.

The method is as follows.

Crushed raw materials - the roots and rhizomes of licorice (StusuggNhga §1aBga b) are loaded into a flask and extracted with freshly distilled chloroform by the maceration method with a ratio of raw materials - chloroform 1: 5 three times at room temperature over

2-3 hours. The obtained extracts are separated from. raw materials by filtration through a Buchner funnel under vacuum. Chloroform is distilled off at boiling point. Distilled chloroform can be reused. To clarify the extract and remove ballast substances, freshly distilled chloroform is used, since chloroform under the influence of light is oxidized by the action of oxygen in the air, forming toxic gaseous substances.

Memory, _and . 1489695 A1

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products - phosgene and hydrogen chloride, and phosgene with further oxidation gives chlorine. To prevent this, 1% alcohol is added to chloroform, i.e. chloroform canned by adding 1% anhydrous alcohol.

However, the use of such chloroform for clarification and removal of ballast substances leads to a partial, θ extraction of the main component of the extract — glycyrrhizic acid AND other biologically active substances. substances, significantly reducing the yield of the target product. Purified from ballast substances (polyphenols - tannic, and other undesirable substances) are ventilated to remove residual solvent.

The residue of ballast substances in the amount of 2.9-3.3% implanted in freshly distilled chloroform does not dissolve in water, dark red. Purified from the ballast substances licorice roots (raw materials) after ventilation 25 is placed in a flask and filled with water in the ratio of raw materials - water 1: 5, carried out the extraction at 50-65 ° C for

3-4 hours Then the extract is separated from the roots by filtration through a cloth. The extraction process is repeated two more times. The resulting extracts are combined, and the roots are pressed to prevent the loss of extractives. The combined extracts are centrifuged to remove and precipitate water-insoluble substances and suspended particles. The purified aqueous extract is subjected to freeze or spray drying. The resulting clarified powder is an extract of licorice yellow, sweet in taste, completely soluble in water. The yield of extractives in terms of abs. dry weight 32.1-44.7% and glycyrrhizic acid 40-50%. Moisture content is 0.5-1%.

When the ratio of raw materials - chloroform is higher than 1: 5, the method is not economically feasible, since this leads to excessive solvent consumption. When the ratio of raw materials - chloroform below the specified limits is observed incomplete extraction of ballast substances.

Increasing the time of extraction with chloroform is not economically feasible ^ 5 differently. When reducing the time of extraction with chloroform, there is a low yield of ballast substances.

Reducing the ratio of raw water below the specified limits leads to incomplete extraction of the target product.

When the time of extraction of raw materials with water above the specified limits, the yield of the target product does not increase. Reducing the time of extraction of raw materials with water leads to a low yield of the target product.

Example). 1 kg of crushed roots and rhizomes of licorice are loaded into a flask and extraction is carried out with freshly distilled chloroform by the maceration method three times at a root-chloroform ratio of 1: 5 for 2.5 hours at room temperature.

The resulting extracts are separated by filtration. Chloroform is distilled off, and the roots, purified from ballast substances, are aired. The amount of substances extracted by freshly distilled chloroform is 3.3%. After airing, the roots (raw materials) are again placed in a flask, filled with water in the ratio of raw materials - water 1: 5 and carried out the extraction at 50-65 ° C for 3.5 hours. This process is repeated two more times. The extracts are filtered and the roots are pressed. The combined extracts are centrifuged and dried by lyophilization.

The obtained clarified powder extract of licorice yellow, sweet in taste, completely soluble in water, does not contain ballast substances. The yield of extractives in terms of dry weight of 44.7%, glycyrrhizic acid 50%. The whole technological process ends in 34 hours and proceeds in 13 stages.

PRI mme R 2. 1 kg of crushed roots and rhizomes of licorice (Custard section 1 B) are loaded into the flask and carry out the extraction of ballast substances with chloroform using the maceration method. Extraction is carried out three times at room temperature with a ratio of raw materials to solvent 1: 5 for 4 hours. The increase in time does not affect the yield of extractive substances.

The resulting extracts are combined and filtered through a Buchner funnel. Chloroform is distilled off at the boiling point of the solvent. Solvent can be reused in production. Licorice roots cleansing—

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They are from ballast substances: fats, resins, pigments, etc. The balance of ballast substances does not dissolve in water, dark red, the amount of ballast substances extracted by chloroform is 2.9-3.3%. The cleaned roots are vented for 3 hours to remove residual solvent. The roots are placed in a flask, filled with water and extracted at 50-65 ° C. A lower temperature increases the time of the process of extracting extractive substances from raw materials, and at temperatures above 70 ° C 15

destruction and loss of biologically active substances are observed: ascorbic and glycyrrhizic acids and other substances.

Extraction is carried out three times at 20 ratio of raw material - solvent 1: 5 · for 3 hours. The obtained extracts are combined, and the roots are pressed to prevent the loss of extractive substances. To precipitate and remove water-insoluble substances and suspended particles, the extract is centrifuged. The purified aqueous extract is subjected to freeze or spray drying.

The obtained clarified powder of the extract of licorice root is yellowish, fine-crystalline,. it is stable, well soluble in water and ammonia, forms a stable foam, contains 0.5-1% moisture, sweet in taste.

. The yield of extractives 32,144,7% by weight of the root, the content of glycyrrhizin 40-50%.

In tab. 1 shows a comparative day of obtaining extract and glycyrrhizin known and proposed methods.

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35

40

In tab. 2 shows the characteristics of the finished product.

The proposed method is simple, easy to implement. When using the proposed method significantly increases the yield of extractives and glycyrrhizin.

The extract obtained by the proposed method does not contain ballast substances (in the extract obtained by a known method there is 5-7% of ballast substances), it is completely dissolved in both cold and hot water. At the same time, the process time is reduced from 3.5 to 2.5 days.

Claims (3)

Claim 1. The method of obtaining powder from licorice root extract, involving repeated extraction of raw materials with water, removal of ballast substances with a solvent, clarification of the combined extracts and their drying, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the finished product by increasing 30 yields of glycyrrhizic acid and extractive substances and acceleration of the process, the removal of ballast substances is carried out before extraction, and chloroform is used as a solvent with a feed to solvent ratio of 1: 5, 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the clarification of the combined extracts carried out by centrifugation. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying is carried out by the method of freeze-drying or spraying, ' ^- a b l and c a 1 Example Ratio root chloroform Time extraction, h Output ballast substances % Ratio raw water Extraction time, h The yield of the target product,%; Ί Extractive substances Glycyrrhizin, acid one 1: 3 2 2.5 1: 3 3 32.1 35 2 1: 5 3 2.7 1: 5 four 42 40 3 1: 2 one 1.5 1: 2 2 15 ten (of- west • ny) 1: 5 3 days 30-40 9-29 18 h 7 1489695 eight table 2 Indicator Powder Feature Appearance Light melkokris- Colour tallic Light yellow Smell Without smell Taste Sugary sweet Mass fraction glycyrrhizic acid,%, not less 40-50 Humidity,%, not more than 0.5-1 Mass fraction total ash,%, not more 0.5-1 Mass fraction ballasts substances,%, not more Not