SU1484389A1 - Vibrating separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a technique for the separation of bulk materials into fractions according to a complex of physicomechanical properties and can be used in agriculture, chemical and mining industries and other areas of national economy. The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance of the separation process by reducing the height of the particles above the separating surface. The separator consists of a perforated friction surface (P) 1, the poddechnoe space which is connected to the suction cavity 2 of the fan, the vibration driver 4, the power supply device 5 and receivers 6 of the separation products. The drive of the vibration exciter 4 and the fan is carried out from the electric motor 7 through the V-belt drive 8 and the intermediate gear 9. The technological process proceeds as follows. The raw material to be processed is fed from the supply device 5 to the vibrating friction perforated surface 1, where the separation of the mixture components along different trajectories takes place depending on their physical and mechanical properties. When moving the components of the mixture along the vibrating surface 1, they are exposed to air flow generated by the fan. The force of the air flow, directed in the opposite direction of the force — the normal surface reaction, attracts the material to the vibrating friction perforated surface 1, which reduces the height of the material particles above the separating surface, reduces the time of their free flight and increases the number of interactions with the working surface of the vibrating decks. The more rounded, resilient components of the mixture enter the lower receiver 1, and the flatter and rougher - into the upper receiver V. The material with intermediate values of these properties is transferred to the receivers II-1U. 6 Il.

Description

The supply device 5 enters the vibrating friction perforated surface 1, where the separation of the mixture components along different trajectories takes place depending on their physical and mechanical properties. When moving the components of the mixture along the vibrating surface 1, they are exposed to the air flow generated by the fan. The force of the air flow, directed in the opposite direction of the force - the normal reaction of the surface attracts the material to vibrating

perforated friction surface 1, which leads to a decrease in the height of the particles of the material above the separating surface, reducing the time of their free flight and increases the number of interactions with the working surface of the vibrating deck. The more rounded, elastic components of the mixture enter the lower receiver I, and the flatter and rougher ones go to the upper receiver V. The material with intermediate values of these properties is transferred to the receivers II-IV. 6 Il.

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular, machines for the post-harvest processing of grain crops, and can be used in the chemical and mining industry for the separation of bulk materials into fractions according to a complex of physicomechanical properties.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the separator productivity by reducing the height of the particles above the working surface of the deck.

FIG. 1 shows the vibratory separator, a general view; in fig. 2 the same, top view; in fig. 3 is a diagram of the direction of movement of the various fractions of material from the feeding device to the respective receivers of the separation products, side view; in fig. 4 - the same, top view (solid lines indicate the direction of movement of more rounded, elastic seeds, dotted lines indicate the direction of movement of flat and rough seeds; directions of movement of seeds with intermediate values of these properties are indicated by dash-dotted lines) $ on FIG. 5 is a diagram of the effect of forces on a particle located on a friction plane; in fig. 6 is a diagram of the effect of forces on a particle in flight.

Figures 5 and 6 indicate: N is a normal reaction; Re is the force of inertia;

G - strength of body; F- - friction force; Р в - force of the air flow; E is the direction angle of the oscillations; & tilt angle of separatable surface.

The separator consists of a perforated inclined friction surface 1, the poddechnoe space which is connected to the suction branch 2

fan 3, vibration driver 4, power supply devices 5, and separation product receivers 6. The drive of the vibration exciter and the fan is carried out from the electric motor 7 via the V-belt 8 and the intermediate 9 gears.

The technological process proceeds as follows.

Processed grain mixture from

power supply device 5 enters the vibrating friction perforated surface 1, where the mixture components move along

different trajectories m depending

from their physical and mechanical properties. More rounded, resilient seeds enter the lower receiver I, and flatter and rougher seeds go to the upper receiver V. Seeds with intermediate values of these properties are transferred to receivers II-IV. When moving the components of the mixture on the working surface, they are exposed to the air flow created by the fan 3. The air flow attracts the seeds to the working surface, which leads to a sharp reduction in the time of their free flight and increases the amount of interaction with the plane.

Moreover, the time of free flight can be controlled (by changing the intensity of the air flow), having achieved the maximum manifestation by the particles of the properties of their surface.

Separating capacity of the separator depends on the angles, (and 6 and reaches a maximum approximately at the moment of separation of the particle from the surface. The height of the particle lifting above the surface can be controlled by the amplitude and direction of oscillation. However, it is known that the speed of vibration of the particle along the vibrating surface , frequency and directivity angle of oscillations, and the closer the amplitude and frequency of oscillations, the higher the speed of vibration of particles. With increasing speed of vibration of particles It is possible to increase the supply of the mixture to the working surface and thereby the separation performance, but with an increase in the amplitude and frequency of oscillations, the height of the particle above the separating surface increases and the separating capacity of the separator decreases.

In this separator, by changing the speed of the air flow, you can t

 .-

F

0

five

five

0

five

thereby changing the height of the particles, to achieve the maximum separation ability DQ (when the separation parameter m is approximately equal to the parameter K0RTn at the moment of separation from the separation surface). Moreover, the acceleration of the return of the particle to the friction surface and the obstacle to its rise above the surface, carried out with the help of the air flow, equally positively affect the separating ability of the separator, since they help to reduce the height of the particles above the separating surface.

To prevent the holes in the deck from being blocked by particles of the separated fractions, they are performed significantly smaller (by 3-5 times) in the minimum particle size of the smaller fraction.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A vibrating separator, including an inclined deck with a friction working surface, is made with the fact that, in order to increase the separator's performance by reducing the height of particles above the working surface of the deck, it is equipped with a fan, made perforated, with the suction branch of the fan connected to the podshchechny space.  " Well Well FIG. 2 Fig.b / Direction of coleiones Editor L. Gratiplo 6 Compiled by A, Rum ntseva Tehred L. Serdyukova V The direction of oscillations Proofreader M. Samborska