SU1297944A1 - Method of separation of granular materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is intended for the separation of cereal mixtures and m. used in machines for cleaning seeds of agricultural crops, such as flax. The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity and quality of separation due to the intensification of the movement of granular material (PM) on the perforated surface (PP) and sifting through it of small fractions. The initial ЗМ from the hopper is supplied i to the inclined PP. It is simultaneously subjected to vibratory vibration (VF) at an acute angle to it in the direction of descent and is pulsed with a reciprocating air flow in the direction of the VF with a pulsation frequency equal to the frequency of the VF. This allows a significant increase in the instantaneous forces acting on the PM particle, which promotes separation. Under the influence of gravity, flow pulsations and vibration of the PP, the mixture moves along the PP, particles with sizes, smaller sizes of the holes of the PP, pass into these openings, particles with larger sizes go off. In some cases, the ZN purge can be carried out with a ripple shift in phase by 180-240, relative to the explosive, and when the ZM is purged upward (the air flow can be increased. 2 Cp f-ly. I ( L vj x

Description

The invention relates to the technique of separating grain mixtures and can be used in machines for cleaning seeds of agricultural crops, such as flax.

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity and quality of separation due to the intensification of the movement of the granular material on the perforated surface and sifting through fine fractions.

The method is carried out as follows.

The source material from the hopper is fed to the inclined perforated surface (sieve). This sieve is simultaneously vibrated and blown by a directional reciprocating pulsating pulse created by the pulsator. The sieve and pulsator are driven by a single crank mechanism. Under the influence of gravity, flow pulsations and vibration solutions

This mixture travels through sieves, parts 1 with dimensions smaller than the holes, passes into these holes, particles with larger sizes go together. The passage of particles into the holes occurs mainly during that part of the period when the inertia force and the flow are directed downward, pressing the particles to the sieve, and the suction flow shifts the particles to the holes and draws (sucks) them into the holes. Screening is promoted by the direction of flow at an angle to the sieve, which causes the particles to shift in a sieve during the downward movement of air. Such an offset is especially necessary for sieves with oblong holes. When the air velocity is higher than lower, the particles are removed from the upper sieve together with large impurities.

The joint and simultaneous effect on the material of directional oscillations and directional pulsation allows a significant increase in the instantaneous forces acting on the particles of matter.

la that promotes separation. At the same time, the joint action of oscillations and pulsations allows the material to be moved along a sieve at a given speed, as well as different particles at different speeds and in different directions. Sieve oscillations and flow pulsations can occur in opposite

in phase, i.e. at the maximum sieve speed up the flow rate is also maximum, but it is directed downwards, and vice versa. In this case,

maximum efforts are both entraining particles into the holes, and shaking them from the sieve. This increases the likelihood of particles passing through the holes and the efficiency of self-cleaning of the sieve.

In some cases, for example, when separating seeds prone to damage, it is better to increase the efficiency of the process by combining the moments of the maximum flow rate with the moments of the sieve stopping, i.e. at a phase shift of pulsations of flow and sieve oscillations equal to 1Г / 2. With such a shift, the passage of particles into the hole occurs with a fixed sieve, which increases the probability of passage.

The direction of flow at an angle to the perforated surface allows you to increase the speed of the material and, if necessary, set

different speed

F o rm y

and direction with different particle movements.

By providing a pulsation of the flow by creating alternately overpressure and vacuum under the sieve, the ascending flow of the flow is obtained by the injection and the descending flow by the suction. Such a flow pattern is the most rational, since the pressure jet stream better transports the material, it retains its directionality for a longer time, and the aspirator better draws particles into the sieve holes.

The experimentally established parameters of the proposed method have the following permissible values: sieve oscillation frequency and flow pulsations 47 s, sieve oscillation amplitude 8-10 mm, sieve oscillation directivity sieve inclination angle (-10) - (+10) °, flow pulsation amplitude 50-200 MMJ thrust pulsation flow 20-90.

la invention

Claims (3)

one . A method of separating granular materials, including the flow of granular material onto an inclined perforated surface, blowing the granular material through the perforated surface with a pulsating reciprocating air flow, collecting separation products under the perforated surface, and in order to improve performance and the quality of separation due to the intensification of the movement of the granular material on the perforated surface and sifting through it small fines, simultaneously purging continuously with particulate material is carried out at a vibration foraminous surface at an acute angle thereto in the direction of descent, and purging the particulate material is carried out in order naRedaktor O.Yurkovetska 846/11 Tehred M. Morgental Corr Circulation 539 VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Design, 4. vibration control with a pulsation frequency equal to the vibration frequency. 2. Method pop. 1, which differs from the fact that the blowing of the granular material is carried out with a shift of pulsations in phase by 180-240 in relation to vibration. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when purging  granular material upward airflow rate increases. Compiled by Yu.Pravotorov Tehred M. Morgental Proofreader JA.Zimokosov Subscription