SU1483580A1 - Thyratron motor - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in vehicles and in industry. The aim of the invention is to increase reliability. The valve motor contains sections 1-6 of the winding of the core, a rotor position sensor with sensing elements 7-12 connected with controlled pulse shapers 42-47, switching thyristors 29-31, connected with pulse shapers 32-37, controlling thyristors 20-25 of the anode group and thyristors 26-31 of the cathode group. The switching of the current in sections 1-6 of the winding of the core and thyristors 20-25 is performed by a source of switching pulses, comprising a switching transformer with sections 14.15 of the primary winding and two secondary windings 38.39, two thyristor arms consisting of thyristors 17, 56 and 16.55, interconnected by a switching capacitor 54, and two current sensors 50.51, included in the thyristor arms of the source of switching pulses. The required polarity of the charge of the switching capacitor 54 at the time of starting the valve motor is determined by the initial angular position of its rotor and is carried out using current sensors 52.53 and pulse shapers 41.40. The alternating charge of the capacitor 54 with a positive or negative potential allows the even and odd thyristors of the anodic and cathodic groups of the frequency converter to be switched by the stable operation of the source of the switching pulses. 1 hp f-ly. 4 il.

Description

using current sensors 52, 53 and pulse shapers 41, 40. The alternate charge of a capacitor 54 with a positive or negative potential allows

stable operation of the source of switching pulses to switch the even and odd thyristors of the anodic and cathodic groups of the frequency converter. 1 z.p, f-ly. 4 il.

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to an electric drive, and can be used in high and medium power direct current drives.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of a valve motor.

FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of a six-phase valve motor; in fig. 2 — rotor position sensor sensitive element uncontrolled and controlled by pulse shapers; in fig. 3 shows a current sensor and a controlled pulse shaper; in FIG. 4 - voltage diagrams at the outputs of pulse shapers.

The valve motor contains measles with a closed winding with sections 1-6, a rotor with an excitation winding, a rotor position sensor with sensing elements 7-12, a source of switching pulses with a switching transformer 13, the primary winding of the transformer is composed of sections connected in series 14 and 15. Top and the end of the primary winding is connected to the anodes of the first 16 and second 17 switching thyristors, respectively, the power source with terminals 18 and 19 of the control system of the positive terminal 19 is connected to the middle terminal o the primary winding of the switching transformer 13. The valve electric motor also contains thyristors 20–25 anode and thyristors 26–31 cathode groups, the control electrodes of which are connected through the formers 32–37 pulses to the outputs of the sensitive elements 7–12 of the rotor position sensor, respectively. Each anode pin of the thyristors 26-31 of the cathode group is combined with the cathode pin.

the corresponding of the thyristors 20-25 anode group. Combined indicated power thyristor outputs 20, 26; 21, 27; 22, 28; 23, 29; 24, 30;

25, 31 are connected respectively to the junction points of adjacent sections 1, 2; 2, 3; 3, 4; 4, 5; 5, 6; 6, 1 winding box. Thyristor control electrodes 20-31 through drivers

32-37 pulses are connected to the outputs of the sensitive elements 7-12 of the rotor position sensor.

The anode terminals of the even thyristors 20, 22 and 24 of the anode group are connected to the beginning of the first secondary winding 38 of the transformer 13. The anode terminals of the odd thyristors 21, 23 and 25 are connected to the end of the winding 38. The thyristors 26, 28 and 30 are connected to the beginning of the second secondary cathode the windings 39 of the switching transformer 13, and the odd thyristors 27, 29 and 31 are connected by a cathode lead to the end of the secondary winding 39. The middle terminals of each secondary winding 38 and 39 are connected to the positive and negative DC terminals respectively .

In addition, the valve motor contains eight controlled 40–47 and two uncontrolled 48, 49 pulse formers, four current sensors 50–53, a capacitor 54 and the first 55

5 and second 56 additional thyristors.

The anode of the first additional thyristor 55 is connected to the cathode of the first switching thyristor 16 and through the first current sensor 50 to the negative terminal 18 of the power supply of the control system.

The anode of the second additional thyristor 56 is connected to the cathode of the second 5 switching thyristor 17 and

0

five

0

through the second current sensor 51 with the negative terminal 18 of the power supply of the control system. The middle terminal of the transformer primary winding is connected to the positive terminal of the control system power supply.

A third current sensor 52 is connected between the start of the first secondary winding 38 of the transformer and the anode terminals of thyristors 20, 22 and 24. A fourth current sensor 53 is connected between the end of the winding 38 and the anode terminals of thyristors 21, 7.3 and 25,

The middle leads of the windings 38, 39 are connected to the terminals of the direct current source.

The inputs of the first and second uncontrolled pulse formers are connected to the outputs of current sensors 50, 51, respectively, and the inputs of the first and second controlled pulse formers are connected to the outputs of current sensors 52, 53.

The inputs of the third 42, fifth 44 and seventh 46 controlled pulse shapers are connected respectively to the outputs of the sensitive elements 7, 9 and 11 of the rotor position sensor of even thyristors 26, 28, 30 cathode and odd thyristors 21, 23, 25 of the anode group. The inputs of the fourth 43, sixth 45 and eighth 47 controlled drivers are connected respectively to the outputs of the sensitive elements 8, 10, 12 odd thyristors 27, 29, 31 cathode and even thyristors 20, 22, 24 of the anode group.

The output of the pulse former 48 is combined with one of the output terminals of the formers 41, 43, 45, 47 pulses and connected to the control electrode of the switching thyristor 17. The output of the pulse former 49 is combined with one of the output terminals of the formers 40, 42, 44, 46 pulses and connected to the control electrode of the switching thyristor 16. The combined second terminals of the formers 40, 43, 45, 47 pulses are connected to the control electrode of the additional thyristor 56, and the combined second terminals of the formers 41, 42, 44, 46 of the pulses are connected Eny to the control electrode of the additional thyristor 55. The capacitor 54 is connected between the cathodes of the thyristors 16, 17.

Sh

15

20

25

4835806

In addition, the valve motor may contain two diodes 57 and 58, the cathodes of which are combined and connected to the middle terminal of the primary winding of the switching transformer 13, and the anode of each diode is connected to the corresponding terminal of the capacitor 54.

The commutator transformer 13 may be provided with an additional winding 59 closed to an adjustable resistor 60.

Each uncontrolled pulse shaper 32-37 (.php.2) contains, for example, a comparator assembled on an operational amplifier 61, the inverse input of which is connected to the winding 62 of the transformer sensing element 7. The output of the operational amplifier 61 is connected via an zener diode 63 to the input the transistor 64. The shapers 32-37 -sderkhat also pulse transformer, the primary winding 03 of which is included in the collector circuit of the transistor 64, and two output ki 66, 67 form the output form. tel.

Controlled pulse formers 42-47 (Fig. 2) are made similarly to drivers 32-37, but are equipped with switches 68 at the output.

The current sensors 52.53 (FIG. 3) are magnetic amplifiers, the beginnings of the primary windings 69, 70 are connected to the thyristor anodes 0, 22, 24 and 21, 23, 25, respectively, and the ends are connected to the terminals of the winding 38 of the switching transformer 13. The secondary windings 71, 72 and 73, 74 of the current sensors 52 and 53 are connected in opposite directions and are connected via diode bridges 75, 76 to a square pulse generator. The outputs of the diode bridges 45 75, 76 are connected to the inputs of the formers 40, 41, made similarly to the drivers 32-37, but equipped with a button switch 77. The current sensors 50, 51 are made similarly to the sensors 52, 53.

The valve motor operates as follows.

At the time of starting the motor, the field winding of the electric motor 55 l is de-energized, and the switch 68 (Fig. 2) is turned off. An alternating rectangular voltage is then applied to the primary windings of the sensing elements 7-12.

thirty

35

40

50

Suppose that at the time point (Fig. 4) the rotor of the valve electric motor is in such a position that the sensitive element 7 is activated and the pulses arrive at the inputs of the pulse shapers 32, 42. In the pulse shaper 32 (Fig. 2), the transistor 64 will operate in a pulsed mode, providing a periodic connection of the primary winding 65 to the power supply of the control system. As a consequence, pulses will be transformed into the secondary windings 66, 67 of the pulse transformer, which are fed to the control electrodes of the thyristors 23, 26 and unlocked. In this case, the current of the core flows through the chains: + -38-53-23-5-6-1-26-

 + -38-53-23-4-3-2-26-27 - (Fig. 1) o At the same time, the pulse shaper 42 does not generate pulses, since the switch 68 is open. The pulses on the control electrodes of thyristors 16 and 55 do not flow and they remain closed.

To ensure the required polarity of the initial charge of the switching capacitor 54, two current sensors 52 and 53 and pulse formers 40, 41 (FIG. 3) are used, which operate as follows when current flows through the sensor 53 at the diode output 76 voltage. By briefly pressing the button switch 77 at time t5 (FIG. 4), the pulse shaper 41 will generate a control pulse, which will go to thyristors 17 and 55, ensuring that they are unlocked. At the same time, the current in the primary winding 69 of the current sensor 52 does not flow and therefore the driver 40 does not work.

As a result, a charge capacitor circuit 54: 19-15-17-54-55-50-Т8-19 is created. At the end of the charge, the switching capacitor 54 with the polarity indicated in FIG. 1, without the brackets, closes the thyristors 17, 55. Then, at time t (Fig. 4), a switch 68 (Fig. 2) is turned on, providing the connection of the control electrodes of the thyristors 16, 17, 55 and 56 to the formers 42-47 of the pulses, and power is supplied to the switch.

five

0 5 0 5

0

five

the hitch of the electric motor that rotates the rotor. When the angle of rotation of the rotor turns out to be equal to the phase zone of the winding of the core, which corresponds to the point in time (Fig. 4), the sensitive element 8 will work and the sensitive element 7 of the rotor position sensor will be switched off. At the outputs of the pulse driver 33, pulses appear that open the thyristors 24 and 27 of the anodic and cathodic groups, respectively.

As a result of this, sections 2.5 of the core windings are closed through open thyristors 29, 24 and 26, 27 to the secondary windings, respectively, 38 and 39 of the switching transformer 13.

Simultaneously, single impulses are sent to the control electrodes of thyristors 17, 56 (fig. 4) from the puller outputs 43, when unlocked, the coil 15 of the switching transformer is connected to a direct current source and a magnetizing core magneto current flows through it. switching transformer 13, which provides guidance EMF on the secondary windings 38, 39 switching transformer.

Since the windings 38, 39 are located in the circuits 38-24-25-23-38 and 39-26-2- 27-39, this ensures the switching of the current in sections 2.5 core and the windings 38, 39 of the switching transformer 13 , At the same time, the EMF of the windings 38, 39 are applied to the thyristors 24, 27 in the forward direction, and to the thyristors 26, 23 - in the opposite direction. When the current of the parallel branch is equal, the switching current thyristors 23, 26 are locked and the current of the core begins to flow along chains: + -38-52-24-5- 4-3-27-39- - and + -38-52-24-6-1-2- 27-39- -.

After the thyristors 23, 26 are locked, the remaking process of the switching transformer 13 ends, the EMF of the self-induction winding 15 decreases, contributes to an increase in the current through the thyristors 17, 56 and the current sensor 51. As a consequence, at time t, a control pulse appears at the output of the pulse driver 48 and the thyristor 16 opens. The previously charged switching capacitor 54 with the polarity shown in FIG. 1 without brackets, recharging first along the contour 54-17-15-14-16-54, provides for the locking of the thyristor 17, and then recharging along the circuit 19-14-16-54-56-51-18. At the end of the recharge, the current of the capacitor 54 is reduced to zero and the thyristors 56, 16 are locked, and the capacitor 54 acquires

the polarity indicated in FIG. 1 in brackets.

Subsequently, the rotor of the electric motor comes into rotation and all the processes described are cyclically repeated.

Introduction to the switching transformer of the auxiliary winding 59 closed to the adjustable resistor 60 changes the magnetisation current of the switching transformer 13 when the latter windings 15, 24 are connected to the power supply. As a result of this, the time of action of the reverse voltage on the thyristors of the anodic and cathodic groups is regulated.

When diodes 57 and 58 are switched on in the source of switching pulses, the switching capacitor 54 is switched to recharge along the following thyristors 17, 56: 54-17-15-14-16-54, 54-58-14-16-54, 19-14 -16-54-56-51-18 and in the case of switching thyristors 16 and 55 - 54-16-14-15-17-54, 54-57-15- 17-54, 19-15-17-54-55 -50-18.

As a result, the recharge time of commutating capacitor 54 is reduced, which makes it possible to increase the switching frequency of the current in sections 1-6 of the core winding, and consequently, expand the range of the frequency of rotation of the rotor of the valve motor.

Thus, the positive effect is to increase the reliability of the valve motor due to the stable operation of the source of switching pulses when switching current in the winding sections of the core of the valve motor, operating with frequent starts and overloads. The source of switching pulses of a valve electric motor provides for the regulation of the time of action of the reverse voltage on the switched off thyristors of the anodic and cathodic groups. In addition, the range of rotor speed adjustment has been extended.

formula

gaining

1. A valve electric motor containing measles with a multi-closed closed winding, a rotor with an excitation winding, a rotor position sensor, a source of switching pulses, equipped with a switching transformer with a sectioned primary and two secondary overlays and two switching thyristors, the anode of one of which is connected to the beginning of the primary winding of the specified transformer of the formatter, the end of which is connected to the anode of the second switching thyristor, and the middle terminal of the primary winding is connected to the positive source terminal nickname power management system

the anodic and cathodic grupps of thyristors, the control electrodes of which are connected via pulse shapers to the outputs of the sensitive elements of the rotor position sensor, the anode terminal of the nth thyristor of the cathode group and the cathodic terminal of the nth thyristor of the anode group are combined and connected to the junction point of two adjacent sections core windings, the combined anode terminals of even thyristors, and the combined anode outputs of odd thyristors of the anode group are connected respectively to the beginning and end of the first secondary winding mentioned A transformer, the beginning and end of the second secondary winding of which is connected to the combined cathode terminals of the even and odd cathode group thyristors, the middle terminal of each said secondary winding is connected to the corresponding DC source terminal, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability,

eight controllable and two uncontrolled pulse formers were introduced, four current sensors, a capacitor and two additional thyristors, the anode of each of which is connected to the cathode of one of the switching thyristors, and the cathode through a corresponding current sensor with a minus terminal of the control system power supply, one of remaining current sensors

is connected between the beginning of the first secondary winding of the mentioned transformer and the anodes of even thyristors of the anode group, and another current sensor - between the end of the first secondary winding

the anodic group's anode and anodic thyristors, the inputs of the first and second uncontrolled pulse formers are connected to the outputs of the first and second current sensors, respectively, the inputs of the first and second controlled pulse formers, to the outputs of the third and fourth current sensors, respectively; the seventh controlled pulse shapers are connected to the outputs of the corresponding sensitive elements of the rotor position sensor of even thyristors of the cathode and odd anodic thyristors - groups, and in the fourth, sixth and eighth control pulses move to the outputs of the sensitive elements of the odd thyristor cathode sensor and even anodic jrpynn even thyristors; the output of the second uncontrolled pulse shaper is combined with one of the output terminals of the first, third, fifth and seventh controlled pulse formers and connected to the control electrode of the first switching thyristor, vyfie .2

the stroke of the first uncontrolled pulse driver is combined with one of the output clips of the second, fourth,

the sixth and eighth controlled pulse formers and connected to the control electrode of the second switching thyristor, the combined second output terminals of the second, third, fifth and seventh controlled formers and the combined second output terminals of the first, fourth, sixth and eighth controlled pulse formers are connected to

5 to the control electrodes of the first and second additional thyristors, respectively, a capacitor is connected between the cathodes of the switching thyristors.

0 2. The electric motor according to claim 1, about t is characterized by the fact that two diodes are introduced into the source of switching pulses, the cathodes of which are combined and connected to the middle terminal

5 switching primary

transformer, and the anode of each diode is connected to one of the terminals of the capacitor.

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Claims (2)

Claim 1. A valve motor containing an armature with a multi-section closed winding, a rotor with a field winding, a rotor position sensor, a switching pulse source, equipped with a switching transformer with a sectioned primary and two secondary windings and two switching thyristors, the anode of one of which is connected to the beginning of the primary winding the specified trans15 formator, the end of which is connected to the anode of the second switching thyristor, and the middle terminal of the primary winding is connected to the positive terminal of the source the power supply of the control system? 0, the anode and cathode groups of thyristors, the control electrodes of which are connected via pulse shapers to the outputs of the sensitive elements of the rotor position sensor, the 25th anode terminal of the ηth thyristor of the cathode group and the cathode terminal of the ηth thyristor of the anode group are combined and connected to the connection point of two adjacent sections of the armature windings, the combined anode terminals of the even thyristors and the combined anode terminals of the odd thyristors of the anode group are connected respectively to the beginning and end of the first of the second secondary winding of a 15 minute transformer, the beginning and the end of the second secondary winding of which are connected to the combined cathode terminals of the even and odd thyristors of the cathode group, respectively; and the middle terminal of each of the aforementioned ones should expand the rotational speed range of the rotor of the valve motor. I Thus, the positive effect is to increase the reliability of the valve motor due to the stable operation of the source of switching pulses when switching current in sections of the armature of the armature of the valve motor, which operates with frequent starts and overloads. The source of switching pulses of the valve electric motor provides control of the time of the reverse voltage acting on the switched-off thyristors of the anode and cathode groups. In addition, the range of control of the rotor speed has been expanded. of the winding is connected to the corresponding clamp of the DC source, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, 45 eight controlled and two uncontrolled pulse shapers, four current sensors, a capacitor and two additional thyristors are introduced, the anode of each of which is connected to the cathode of one of the switching thyristors, and the cathode through the corresponding current sensor with the minus clamp of the control system power supply, one of the remaining current sensors is connected between the beginning of the first secondary winding of the transformer and the anodes of the thyristors even anode group, and another current sensor between the end of the first secondary obmot 1 I 1 2 ki and anodes of odd thyristors of the anode group, the inputs of the first and second uncontrolled pulse shapers are connected to the outputs of the first and second current sensors, the inputs of the first and second controlled pulse shapers are connected to the outputs of the third and fourth current sensors, inputs of the third, fifth, seventh guided pulse shapers are connected to the outputs of the corresponding sensitive elements of the sensor the passage of the first uncontrolled pulse shaper is combined with one of the output the presses of the second, fourth, 5th, sixth and eighth controlled pulse shapers and connected to the control electrode of the second switching thyristor, the combined second output terminals of the second, third, fifth, and seventh controlled shapers and the combined second output terminals of the first, fourth, sixth and eighth controlled pulse formers connected to the rotor rotations of even thyristors of the cathode 1 and odd thyristors of the anode groups, and the inputs of the fourth, sixth and eighth control pulses to the outputs sensitive elements of the odd thyristor position sensor; cathode and even anode thyristors (groups, the output of the second uncontrolled pulse shaper is combined with one of the output terminals of the first, third, fifth and seventh controlled pulse shapers and connected to the control electrode of the first switching thyristor, you control electrodes of the first and second additional thyristors, respectively , a capacitor is connected between the cathodes of the switching thyristors. 2. The electric motor according to claim 1, is limited by the fact that two diodes are introduced into the source of switching pulses, the cathodes of which are combined and connected to the middle terminal of the primary winding of the switching transformer, and the anode of each diode is connected to one of the terminals of the capacitor . '128 „, + 128 f-gloss # 7 rm - eleven ---------------1---------------- 1 1 1 r — pmip-i ^ ΙϊΠΠΠ STD ΠΠΠΠΠΙ 1ShSh ^ / ^ "1 i . □ 1 1 1 1 ¹ ' ¹ 1 . 1 1 1 I - / - ΠΠΠΙΊ I 1 I □ rr f - utnri hnnq J 1 1 L 1 Jr- t t ^ 3i h - 1 ¹ '1 II. i 'i P i i n 1 p II 1 ^! Ihiif fi LLJ__ I 1 i ^{1 1} '1 1 Uuli 1PPG Ti II _______ 1 eleven eleven II / i L L u lUj 1 1 ! ! π to ti t? tjtst & t # tstgtf {girtrto tg FIG. 4 'Compiled by A. Ivanov