SU1470226A2 - System for automatic monitoring and control of operation of combine grain harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the design of combine harvesters. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of harvesting and threshing by reducing the delay time and taking into account the current value of grain losses. The device contains a number of sensors and indicators that monitor the condition of the crop to be harvested. The device includes actuators named after them 13, 14, 16, 17. They 13 regulate the number of revolutions of the fan, 14 regulates the angle of opening of sieves, 16 regulates the number of revolutions of the threshing drum, 17 regulates the modes (gaps) of the deck. Additionally installed sensor 25 loss of grain and sensor 26 download. Elements 23 and 24 are inserted into the device circuit. Load sensor 26 is mounted on the first working body along the process, which allows shortening the lag time. The presence of the grain loss sensor 25 ensures that this parameter is taken into account in the process of automatic regulation of the technological process. 1 il.

Description

four

 INJ

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and, in particular, to the design of grain harvesters, and is an improvement to the known CHdTeMbi by author. NS 1175386.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the quality of harvesting and threshing by reducing the delay time and taking into account the current value of grain losses.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the system

The output of the grain mass quantity sensor 1 is connected to the first inputs of the comparator unit 2 and the moisture mass meter 3, the second input of the comparator unit 2 is connected to the output of the load control device 4, and the output to the input of the actuator 5 for controlling the translational speed of the combine. The output of the grain moisture sensor 6 is connected to the first input of the meter 7 of grain contamination and the input of the grain moisture meter 8, the first output of which is connected to the grain moisture indicator 9, and the second to the input of the device for determining grain loss, the output of which is connected to the second input of the unit 4 downloads. The sensor 11 of grain contamination through the first output of the meter 7 of the contamination of grain is connected to the indicator 12 of contamination, and through the second output to the first inputs of the actuators 13 and 14 (the fan and the cleaning solution). The grain mass moisture sensor 15 is connected to the second inputs of the actuators 13 and 14, the first inputs of the actuators 16 and 17 for controlling the rotational speed of the threshing drum and deck, and the first input of the setting unit 4 through a moisture meter 3 of the bread weight. The grain splitting sensor 18 is connected to the grain crushing indicator 20 and the first input of the OR element 21, the output of which is connected to the third inputs of the actuators 13 and 14. The sensor 22 of the presence of free grain in the auger screw is connected to the second input of the OR 21 element. and through series-connected elements NOT 23 and I, 24 - with the second inputs of the actuators 16 and 17. Sensor 25 loss of grain is connected to the corresponding input of the device

10 for determining the grain loss, the loading sensor 26 is connected to the third input of the load setting device 6, the output of the grain loss detection device 10 is connected to the second inputs of the grain contamination meter 7 and the grain splitting meter 19, while the output of the latter is connected to the second input element I 24.

The system works as follows.

Comparison unit 2 compares the signal from the sensor 1 of the amount of grain 5 mass with the signal from the output of the setpoint 4 load. If the signal from the sensor 1 of the grain mass quantity is less than the signal from the setting device 4 loads and this difference exceeds 0 dead band of unit 2

comparison, then a negative signal appears at its output, which is fed to the actuator 5 for regulating the translational speed 25 of motion, if the signal from the sensor 1 of the grain mass is larger than the signal from the load setting device 4 and the difference exceeds the dead band of the comparison unit 2 - 30 de a positive signal is applied to the actuator 5 for controlling the translational speed of the combine to reduce the speed of movement. The signal at the output of the setpoint 4 loading is determined by the signal from the output of the loading sensor 26, taking into account the signals from the output of the device 10 for determining the grain loss and from the output of the moisture content of the grain mass 3. When the opposite signals from the device 10 for determining the loss of grain and the output of the moisture content meter 3 of the grain mass are delivered to the setting unit 4, the output of the comparison unit 2 is only given a signal to reduce the speed of movement.

The signal from the grain loss sensor 25 is fed to the input of the grain loss detection device 10, where it is generated in the correction signal of the specified load level by the signal from the load sensor 26 with regard to the moisture of the threshed grain.

The signal from the sensor 6 humidity grain 55 is fed to the input of the meter 8

moisture content of the grain, where it is converted to a signal proportional to moisture in percent, and applied to

35

40

ten

15

20

25

the input of the device 10 for determining the loss of grain (for example, to set the acceptable loss level) and the indicator 9 for grain moisture.

The signal from the sensor 11 of grain contamination enters the input of the meter 7 grain contamination, where, taking into account the compensation of grain moisture at the input from the sensor 6 of grain moisture, a signal is generated to control the indicator 12 of grain contamination. From the other output of the meter 7, the grain debris is removed and the humidity-corrected signal is adjusted for controlling the actuators 13 and 14 of the fan and the sieves, respectively. With an increase in the contamination above the agrotechnical requirements provided for the combine, the grain impurity meter 7 sends a signal to the fan actuator 13 to increase its rotation frequency and to the screen actuator 14 to reduce the louver opening angle. In this case, the change in the mode of the fan and the sieves is stopped when the permissible level of grain losses is reached. With decreasing clogging to reduce grain losses, the clogging meter 7 sends a signal to the fan actuator 13 to reduce its rotational frequency and to the screen actuator 14 to increase the louver opening angle.

The signal from the grain mass moisture sensor 15 is fed to the input of the grain mass meter 3, where, taking into account the amount of grain mass (signal from the grain mass quantity sensor 1), a signal is generated that is proportional to the moisture mass of the grain mass, which is fed to the inputs of the fan actuator 13 and the actuator 13 a sieve mechanism 14, as well as to an actuator 16 for adjusting the revolutions of the threshing drum and an actuator 17 for selecting the mode (gaps) of the deck. With an increase in the moisture content of the grain mass, the fan actuator 13 increases the frequency of its rotation, the screen actuator 14 of the sieves increases the deck mode booster mechanism 17 and reduces the gap between the deck i of the drum. When the moisture content of the grain mass decreases, the actuators 13,14,16 and 17 work in the opposite direction.

The signal from the grain splitting sensor 18 is fed to the input of the grain splitting gauge 19, which generates a signal proportional to the relative crushing value of the grain, taking into account the level of current grain losses. This signal is fed to the grain crushing indicator 20 and to the first inputs of the OR 21 and AND 24 elements. A second signal from the sensor 22 of the presence of free grain in the spike auger is fed to the second input of the ШШ 21 element, and an inverse signal is fed to the second input of the AND 24 element from the sensor 22, the presence of free grain in the auger through the element is HE 23. In the event that the grain crushing exceeds the permissible level (according to GOST, the crushing level is not more than 2%), but there is no grain in the head auger, then from the AND 24 element the signal goes to the second input of the actuator 16 r -regulation threshing drum rpm (to reduce ego.vrascheni frequency) and the second input of the actuator 17 for adjusting the gap of the deck 35 increase. If the crushing exceeds the allowable level and there is a free grain in the auger screw, the OR 21 output is fed to the third input of the fan actuator 13 to reduce its rotation frequency and to the third input of the sieve mode actuator 14 to increase the opening angle of the louver.

thirty

45

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The system of automatic control and monitoring of the technological process 50 of a combine harvester in auth. No. 1175386, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of harvesting and threshing by reducing the time, the latency of opening the sieves louver, using 55 and taking into account the current value of losses, the grain adjustment mechanism 16, is equipped with a load sensor of the threshing drum increases its rotation frequency. and lawsuits established on the first in the course of the process working 226 An optional deck mode mechanism 17 reduces the gap between deck i of the drum. When the moisture content of the grain mass decreases, the actuators 13,14,16 and 17 work in the opposite direction. 0 five 20 25 The signal from the grain splitting sensor 18 is fed to the input of the grain splitting gauge 19, which generates a signal proportional to the relative crushing value of the grain, taking into account the level of current grain losses. This signal is fed to the grain crushing indicator 20 and to the first inputs of the OR 21 and AND 24 elements. A second signal from the sensor 22 of the presence of free grain in the spike auger is fed to the second input of the ШШ 21 element, and an inverse signal is fed to the second input of the AND 24 element from the sensor 22, the presence of free grain in the auger through the element is HE 23. In the event that the grain crushing exceeds the permissible level (according to GOST, the crushing level is not more than 2%), but there is no grain in the head auger, then from the AND 24 element the signal goes to the second input of the actuator 16 r -regulation threshing drum rpm (to reduce ego.vrascheni frequency) and the second input of the actuator 17 for adjusting the gap of the deck 35 increase. If the crushing exceeds the allowable level and there is a free grain in the auger screw, the OR 21 output is fed to the third input of the fan actuator 13 to reduce its rotation frequency and to the third input of the sieve mode actuator 14 to increase the opening angle of the louver. thirty Invention Formula The system of automatic control and monitoring of the technological process of the combine harvester in auth. No. 1175386, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of harvesting and threshing by shortening the delay time and taking into account the current value of grain losses, it is equipped with a load sensor installed in the first working process. V / 5 1470226 The sensor, the loss of grain, the load cell, and the sensor of the presence of the I and NOT co-controls, while the sensor of the water grain in the ear screw auger the grain loss is connected to the entrance with corresponding inputs of the mechanism for determining the loss of grain control mechanisms. on, the second entrance of which is the St.-rpm of the threshing drum The meter is connected with the output of the wet meter and the installation of the deck mode after the grains, and the output with the correspondingly connected elements NOT the input of the contamination meter And, with the second input of the element And grain loading sensor is connected to the output of the meter measuring the corresponding input of the setting unit.