SU1450046A1 - Variable synchronous/asynchronous clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used to transfer torque from the engine to the working mechanism and allows asynchronous and synchronous modes of operation, infinitely variable torque and speed, and overload protection. The purpose of the invention is to increase the torque in both modes and control the operating modes of the coupling. The coupling contains a cylindrical inductor 1. in the form of a multi-pole star-shaped permanent magnet with poles 2 mounted on a shaft 3 with axial movement, ferromagnetic measles 4, half of the working surface 5 of which is made smooth, and the second half is provided with teeth 6 equal in pitch and size poles 2, and the body 7 of the axial movement of the inductor connected to the last angular contact bearings 8. By moving the inductor in the axial direction, the coupling operation mode is changed, p Adjusting the transmitted torque and rotational speed of the working mechanism. 1 il. a (l ate 4i 0

Description

The invention relates to electric machines, namely to the clutches used to start the mechanisms, to protect against overloads, and to control the rotational speed.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the moment in both modes of operation and control modes of operation of the coupling.

The drawing shows one half of the magnetic coupling, a longitudinal section.

The magnetic coupling contains a cylindrical inductor 1 in the form of a multiband star-shaped permanent magnet with poles 2 mounted on a shaft 3 with the possibility of axial movement (for example on the splines), ferromagnetic measles 4, half of the working surface 5 of which is smooth, and the second half is provided with teeth 6 equal in pitch and size to the poles 2 of inductor 1, and the body 7 of the axial movement of the inductor connected to the last angular contact bearings 8. The body 7 can be moved in the axial direction using a rack and pinion, screw, lever or some other mechanism (not shown). Inductor 1 and HKOpj. 4 may be both master and slave; In order to improve the cooling of the core 4 during asynchronous operation of the coupling, it is preferable to use it as the leading coupling half, which has the highest rotation frequency.

Inductor 1 may have alternating polar poles or be axially magnetized, when all the poles of one half have one polarity, and the second half has the opposite polarity.

With the leftmost position of the inductor 1, when its poles 2 are completely under the section of the smooth working surface 5 core 4, the clutch operates in asynchronous mode with the maximum torque and the highest frequency of rotation. In this case, the magnetic flux of the poles 2 induces in the working part 5 of the core eddy currents interacting with the flow and creating a moment dependent on the slip

Moving the inductor from its crane left position to the right reduces the length of the sections of the poles 2 that are under smooth

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5 core, which causes a decrease in torque during asynchronous operation, an increase in slip and a decrease in the angular velocity of the driven coupling half at a constant speed of the driving coupling half.

At the extreme right position of the inductor 1, when its poles 2 are completely under the teeth of 6 cor 4, the clutch operates in synchronous mode without slip and loss. The tangential attractive forces between the poles 2 of the inductor and the teeth of the 6 cores provide a synchronous moment, the value of which depends on the angle of shift of the axes of the poles and the teeth. In this mode, the clutch can be effectively used as a safety device, since overload will lead to loss of synchronism and loss of torque.

Moving the inductor from its extreme position to the left leads to a decrease in the length of the sections of the poles 2 located under the teeth of the 6th core and a decrease in the synchronous torque, which ensures the regulation of the limiting overload torque.

When the inductor is in the middle position (as shown in the drawing), when the poles 2 of one half are under the smooth surface of 5 core, and the second - under the wrench 6, the coupling can work both in asynchronous and synchronous modes with reduced torque. In this case, the operation mode of the coupling depends on its previous state and load. If the coupling previously operated in synchronous mode with the extreme right position of inductor 1, this mode will be preserved with a reduction of the synchronous torque by half. A part of the poles. 2, which is under the surface of the 5 core, does not create a moment, since, in the absence of slip, the eddy currents in the core are not induced.

Overloading and loss of clutch synchronism in this case leads to the appearance of slip, eddy currents in the area of 5 cor and asynchronous moment. The portions of the poles 2, which are located under the teeth 6, when sliding, create an alternating moment, the resultant value of which is equal to zero.

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If previously the circuit operated in asynchronous mode with the leftmost position of inductor 1, then this mode will be preserved with a decrease in the asynchronous g torque and the absence of synchronous torque. In this case, reducing the load and sliding to a small value can ensure that the coupling is synchronized, when the left half of the coupling stops working and the right half begins to work.

During the operation of the clutch in the asynchronous mode, it is switched off by moving the inductor 15 to the right, when the asynchronous moment decreases and the slip increases. In the rightmost position, there is no asynchronous moment.

The resultant, and the resulting alternating synchronous moment is also equal to zero and the coupling half-driven stops.

To turn on the clutch, the inductor moves from the rightmost position to the left, which causes the appearance of an asynchronous moment and its increase, ensuring smooth start-up.

With the leftmost position of the inductor, the asynchronous moment is maximum and the slip is minimal. Slow movement of the inductor to the right leads to an increase in the scoiling and stopping of the driven olumufuta, and a rapid movement when the slip still does not have time to grow due to the presence of inertial masses to pull the coupling into synchronism, which is facilitated at reduced loads. Transition from synchronous

the operation mode to asynchronous is provided under any conditions.

A variety of coupling operating modes can improve equipment performance, drive efficiency, simplify management of various technological processes or machines, increase equipment reliability due to overload protection, and simplify clutch service due to the absence of power sources (electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic, etc.) under various conditions. ); create optimal operating conditions of the equipment.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Adjustable synchronous-asynchronous coupling containing a coaxially mounted excitation system, a gear coupling half on the shaft and ferromagnetic measles, half the length of which carries teeth similar to the teeth of the coupling half, in order to increase the torque in both modes and control the coupling operating modes, The core length is made twice as long as the length of the gear half coupling, a star-shaped permanent magnet placed on the gear half coupling mounted on the shaft with the possibility of Strongly axial movement by half the length of the armature by means of a body connected thereto radially-resistant sub pmpnikom.