SU144331A1 - The method of harvesting crops - Google Patents

Description

The method of harvesting grain crops using an aggregate composed of a tractor-gacha, a grain combine and a semi-trailer truck with a tilting body is known.

However, this method of harvesting can be used when straw and chaff are considered waste products and are plowed in the field.

Straw is a valuable product both in agriculture and in the pulp and paper and chemical industries.

In order to free the floor from the entire harvest, the straw is transported to the ends of the paddock by the same machine without additional vehicles.

To ensure the collection of all biological yields, a special combine unit is used, consisting of a powerful wheeled tractor — a wrench, a semi-mounted grain harvester with a high carrying capacity and a semi-mounted large-capacity trolley with a tilting body.

In order to reduce the bulkiness of the unit and improve its maneuverability, the combine with the trolley is better to be pivotally pivoted next to each other so that the projections of the axes of their traveling wheels on the horizontal plane are on the common geometric axis. When such a unit is in operation, the combine with the cart moves in parallel.

Grain is assembled into a bunker and transported by car, as well as conventional combine harvesters.

The straw is ground in the combine itself and, together with the sex and harvest, is pneumatically fed into the back of a walking cart.

Straw can even be crushed, but then a larger body capacity is required than for chopped straw, since chopping from scrap allows for an increase in its bulk density.

L 144331-2 -

The straw from the cart is unloaded on the edge of the floor, turning the unit. The capacity of the trolley must be designed for the removal of the whole straw product from the rut with a length of at least 1 -1.5 km. For example, with a throughput of 5 kg1s of the whole mass and a grain to straw ratio of 1: 1.5, the combine unit can work: on twin rollers (with a header of 8-9 m) - with a yield of 15-25 centners / ha and on single rollers (with a grab of 4-4.5 m) - with a yield of more than 25 q / ha.

To ensure a minimum rut length of 1 km (at a yield of 25 kg / ha, the ratio of grain to straw at 1: 1.5 and work on double rollers), the volume of the body must be 80 gf.

The straw is discharged at the ends of the pen and is stored there by any of the known methods. However, the process of mowing straw in this case does not delay the harvesting of fields or the production of crop crops, and these works can be carried out immediately after harvesting.

P dkova reaper (see photo) puts the cut mass in twin rolls. Combine unit 1 picks up and threshes the mass. The large capacity cart 2 is unloaded at the end of the pen. Straw bales are also produced here. 3. Free field 4 next to be plowed.

The application of the proposed method of harvesting has a significant economic effect compared to sushi, using the methods of combine harvesting mainly due to the elimination of work to clear the fields of straw, as the unit works with a powerful tractor with a waddle, which combines a large dumping capacity to collect the crop of non-berry crop with high throughput combine.

Subject invention

A method of harvesting grain crops using an aggregate composed of a tractor from a gacha tractor, a grain combine and a semi-trailer truck with a tilting body, characterized in that, in order to free the floor during harvesting from the entire biological crop, straw is transported to the ends of the paddock by the same aggregate without additional vehicles.