SU1434320A1 - Installation for shear testing of material specimens - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a test technique and m. Used: in mining. The purpose of the invention is to expand the functional capabilities of the installation by allowing the use of a cut across the cylinder.

Description

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pre-loaded disk-shaped specimens. On the basis of 1 installation mounted loading device 2 with a movable 3 and a fixed 4 traverses (T). Between T 3 and 4 are installed, two hydraulic cylinders 5, 6 with rods (W 7, 8, perpendicular to T axis 3. At W 7, 8, clamps are installed in the form of packages 10, 11 for placement between the ends of the last test specimen 9. Packages 10 and t1 consist of concentric, in contact with each other bushings (B) 12 and the rod 13 and coaxially with the direction of travel T C O Number of B 12 and their diameters in the packages 10 and 11. Between T 3 and each of B 12 and the package core 13 . ten

bellows 16 are installed. Through loading device 2 through. T 3 deform the snfones 16 ,, Remove the W 7 and 8 from the packages 10 and 11. The rod 13 and B 12 of the packages 10 and 11 are alternately displaced in one direction and layered cut of sample 9 along cylindrical surfaces with increasing surface diameter. After cutting the bellows 16, it is removed from the bag 10, thereby loading the sample 9 layer-by-layer and pressing it onto the B 12 of the bag 11. Removing the W 8 from the bag 11 and making a layer-by-layer section of sample 9. 2 silt

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The invention relates to testing equipment, to installations for testing samples of materials for shear strength, and is intended for testing rocks, soils and other laminated materials.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality of the installation by allowing the pre-loaded disk-shaped specimens to be cut across the cylindrical surfaces. ; Figure 1 presents the scheme set-: NONKI; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1.

The installation for testing specimens of materials on a shear contains a base 1, on which a loading device 2 is mounted with a movable crosshead 3 and a fixed transverse 4. On the base 1 there are installed hydraulic cylinders 5 and 6, rods 7 and 8 of which are perpendicular to the axis of the movable crosshead 3 ..

The apparatus contains grippers for sample 9, made in packages 10 and 11, consisting of concentric, in contact with each other bushings 12 and rod 13. The number of bushes 12 and their diameters in package 10 correspond to the number of bushes 12 and their diameters in package eleven.

In the sleeves 12 and the rod 13 of each of the packages 10 and 11 there are coaxial holes 14 and 15, respectively. In the holes 14 of the package 10, the rod 7 of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is installed, and in the opening 15 15 of the package 11 the rod 8 of the hydraulic cylinder 6.

A test sample 9 in the form of a disk is installed between the ends of the packages 10 and 11, and elastic elements in the form of bellows 16 are installed between the movable cross-member 3 and the package 10, and 13 and each of the sleeves 12 of the package 10 are connected to each other.

HbtM BELLOW 16.

The bag 10 has a second hole 17 for testing a cylindrical specimen (not shown) formed in the sleeves 12 and the stem 13. The loading device 2 and the cylinders 5 and 6 are hydraulically connected to the pump station 18.

The installation works as follows.

The pumping station 18 is turned on and through the loading device 2 and the movable yoke 3 and deforms the bellows 16. Pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinders 5 and 6 and the rods 7 and 8 are removed from the holes 14 and 15 of the rods 13 and the sleeves 12 of the packages 10 and 11. The first are released from supporting stocks 7 and 8; rods 13 of packages 10 and 11, which under the action of the corresponding bellows 16 are simultaneously displaced in one direction and produced

Cutting sample 9 along a cylindrical surface with a diameter equal to the diameter of the rods 13. The following cut is made into sleeves 12 of larger diameter and so on with the participation of all the sleeves 12 of the packages 10 and 11. Layer-by-layer cutting of the sample 9 along cylindrical surfaces with increasing surface diameters is performed For the shear pre-load test, a layer 9 of sample 9, after deforming the bellows 16, actuates the hydraulic cylinder

5. When removing the stem 7 from the holes in the package 10 of the sleeve 12 of this package 10 under the action of the bellows 16 is loaded in layers, starting with a smaller diameter, the test subject 9, pressing it to the sleeves 12 of the package 11. Dop destruction of the sample 9 layered slice the action of the hydraulic cylinder 6 layer-by-layer destruction is carried out as described.

For a layer-by-layer slice along planes that intersect the cleavage planes of the sample material at the same angles, a cylindrical sample (not shown) is used and placed in the hole 17 or in the space between the packages 10 and 11 along the diameter of the sleeves 12. Otherwise, the tests are carried out as before.

The distances between the fracture planes are determined by the diameters of the sleeves 12. The time intervals between the shear acts are determined by the speed of movement of the rods 7 and 8 of the hydraulic cylinders 5 and

6. The capacity of the installation is determined by the size and strength properties of the tested samples 9.

At the proposed facility, a new type of test for layering can be performed, characterized in that the cut surfaces are cylindrical surfaces of different diameters. With this type of cut surface, the total energy intensity of the destruction of the layered material is obtained, since the cut areas are directed at different angles to

layering planes of the sample material. Such definitions give more accurate characteristics of energy consumption, with a cut-off material, more accurate characteristics of the material carrying capacity. The setup provides testing when the sample is pre-loaded with a compressive

0 by the force used further for the cut. The compressive force prepares the material of the sample for the subsequent shear and partly changes the parameters of the shear destruction, as is the case in real mine conditions of the roof collapse during the landing of the lava.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 0 Installation for testing samples of materials for shear, containing a base, a loading device mounted on it, with a movable and fixed beam, two hydraulic 5 cylinders with rods mounted on the base — between the grass 51s perpendicular to the axis of the movable crosshead; the grips for the specimen with holes, in which the rods of the hydraulic cylinders, the resilient elements, are installed shortly between the catch and the movable crossbeam, which differs from the goal of extending the functionality of the installation by providing cuts test on cylindrical section The surfaces of the preloaded disk-shaped samples, the grippers are made in the form of two bushings and a rod consisting of concentric contacting each other, packages for placing between the ends of the last test sample, each of the grips being mounted on the rod of a separate hydraulic cylinder coaxially with the direction of movement of the movable the crossheads, and the number of bushings and their diameters in one package correspond to the number of bushings and their diameters in the second package, with the rod and each of the bushings of one of the bags connected to a separate yn rugim element. 7 0U2.2