CN106644754B - A kind of direct shear test device and method loaded using new triaxial test equipment - Google Patents
A kind of direct shear test device and method loaded using new triaxial test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106644754B CN106644754B CN201610866522.9A CN201610866522A CN106644754B CN 106644754 B CN106644754 B CN 106644754B CN 201610866522 A CN201610866522 A CN 201610866522A CN 106644754 B CN106644754 B CN 106644754B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of direct shear test device and methods loaded using new triaxial test equipment.Its device includes shearing ring, sample, stop collar, shear platform and heat-shrink tube etc..Using in the test method of the device, including sample processing, device assembling, load applies, Strength co-mputation.Sample after processing is completed, will be placed between shearing ring and stop collar in sample pair in test, install shear platform, apply confining pressure to normal stress is set using being placed on three-axis tester after heat-shrink tube Wrap device, then apply vertical load until sample destroys.Under testing machine vertical uniform load q, shear platform moves up and down along stop collar inner wall and generates shear action to sample.Using direct shear test device and method in the present invention, direct shear test can be carried out on normal triaxial test machine.Apparatus of the present invention are simple, easy to operate, and test result is accurate, can substantially save experimentation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock-soil mechanics field more particularly to a kind of device and method for carrying out indoor direct shear test.
Background technique
Engineering practice and laboratory test prove that failure by shear is the important form that Rock And Soil destroys, the shearing resistance of Rock And Soil
Strength relationship the stability of the Rock And Soils engineering such as slope project, foundation engineering, Retaining Wall Engineering.Rock And Soil shearing resistance is determined at present
The method of intensity mainly has the methods of direct shear test, triaxial compression test, wedge shape shearing test.Due to easy to operate, by
Power is simple, direct shear test most widely used method when being still determining Rock And Soil shearing strength.
In the prior art, the three types of single side direct shear test instrument are as follows: 1. force transmitting board and the effect of upper shear box independent,
And force transmitting board is free to rotate；2. force transmitting board is fixedly connected with upper shear box；3. upper shear box is fixed, force transmitting board and upper shear box
Independent role, and force transmitting board not can be rotated.On the basis of direct shear apparatus, someone is improved, and the test point of shearing force is set
In the upper horizontal center position for cutting box, it is more conducive to the free to contract and expand of sample in this way；Later, and there is multiple dimensioned rock mass discontinuity
Direct shear test instrument, large contact surface direct shear apparatus, soil strength in situ can either be tested at the scene again can test indoors undisturbed soil sample,
Portable field and indoor dual-purpose direct shear apparatus of remoulded sample, etc..
Although existing direct shear apparatus is one however, the direct shear apparatus pattern currently used for single side direct shear test is various
The independent test apparatus of platform increases experimentation cost, and sample processing and operation requirement are more stringent.
Summary of the invention
It is accurate and can be common the purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of simple structure, save the cost, test result
The device and method of direct shear test is carried out in new triaxial test equipment.
To realize the present invention purpose and the technical solution adopted is that such, it is a kind of using new triaxial test equipment load
Direct shear test device, it is characterised in that: including shearing ring, shear platform and heat-shrink tube.
The shearing ring upper surface is smooth, and center has centre bore.The centre bore is a blind hole.The shearing ring
Lower surface is contacted with pressure head of testing machine I.
The shear platform is located above shearing ring.The shear platform is variable diameter cylindrical body, from top to bottom successively are as follows: shear platform
Cylinder under upper cylinder, shear platform ontology cylinder and shear platform.
The stop collar is the open hollow cylinder of upper and lower ends.The shear platform ontology cylinder is located at stop collar
In.The side wall of shear platform ontology cylinder is contacted with stop collar inner wall.
When test, sample is circular plate.The sample is placed on the upper surface of the shearing ring.The sample, which is located at, to be cut
It cuts between platform and shearing ring.Cylinder upper end is contacted with pressure head of testing machine II on the shear platform.Under the stop collar and shear platform
The lower end of cylinder is contacted with sample upper surface.
A part of the heat-shrink tube package sample and stop collar and shear platform ontology cylinder upper surface, and shearing
A part of ring-side wall.
Further, the shearing ring outer diameter, specimen finish are identical with limit ring outer diameter.Body diameter is about on the shear platform
It is the 1/5 of specimen finish.The centre bore internal diameter is 1-3mm bigger than body diameter d on shear platform.
Further, direct shear test carries out on normal triaxial test machine, is directly cut using triaxial compression test method
Cut test.The pressure head of testing machine I, pressure head of testing machine II are a part of the vertical loading system of testing machine.
Further, shear is placed under liquid environment, and shear surface normal force is by triaxial test system confining pressure loading system
It provides, shearing force is provided by the vertical loading system of testing machine, and sample shear surface is circular curved surface.
The indoor direct shear test method based on above-mentioned apparatus that invention additionally discloses a kind of, comprising the following steps:
Processing and fabricating sample is highly h, diameter D, and specimen finish is identical as shearing ring, limit ring outer diameter.
Sample after processing is completed, adopt by shrinkable sleeve outside assembly by assembling shearing ring, sample, shear platform and stop collar
It is set tightly to be attached at apparatus surface with air-heater heating heat-shrink tube.Whole device is placed on triaxial test machine platform, is applied
Add confining pressure to setting value σ, sample horizontal direction is in hydrostatic pressure state.
After confining pressure reaches setting value, apply vertical pressure F, until sample destroys.Vertical load and shearing during test
Displacement is by triaxial test system automatic collection.
Calculate shearing strength:
Specimen broke face is circular cutout face, and shear surface area A=π dh, shear surface normal stress is σ, and shear surface, which is cut, answers
Power τ=F/A.Vertical peak load is if P, then normal stress σ acts on the shearing strength τ of lower samplef=P/ π dh.
The solution have the advantages that unquestionable: indoor direct shear test can be carried out using the present invention, device is simple,
Method is reliable, easy to operate, and test result is accurate, can carry out on existing normal triaxial test machine, be not required to process independent examination
Check system has substantially saved experimentation cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is shear schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is shear platform schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is vertical load-displacement curve of the griotte sample when normal stress is 5MPa.
In figure: shearing ring 1, centre bore 10, sample 2, shear platform 3, shear platform ontology cylinder 30, stop collar 4, heat-shrink tube 5,
Cylinder 8 under pressure head of testing machine I6, pressure head of testing machine II60, hydraulic cylinder 7, shear platform, cylinder 9 on shear platform.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but should not be construed the above-mentioned subject area of the present invention only
It is limited to following embodiments.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, according to ordinary skill knowledge and used
With means, various replacements and change are made, should all include within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of direct shear test device loaded using new triaxial test equipment, including shearing ring 1, shear platform 3
With heat-shrink tube 5.
1 upper surface of shearing ring is smooth, and center has centre bore 10.The centre bore 10 is a blind hole.It is described to cut
The lower surface for cutting ring 1 is contacted with pressure head of testing machine I6.
The shear platform 3 is located at 1 top of shearing ring.The shear platform 3 is variable diameter cylindrical body, from top to bottom successively are as follows: cut
Cut cylinder 9 on platform, cylinder 9 on shear platform ontology cylinder 30 and shear platform.The shear platform is a rigid variable diameter cylindrical body, in
Between big cylinder diameter be L, it is the small cylinder of d that, which respectively there are a diameter in two sides, and upside cylindrical body is contacted with pressure head of testing machine
And pressure is born, while wrapping up space to heat shrinkage film exhaust.Downside cylindrical body and sample contacts are simultaneously made in testing machine vertical load
With lower offer shearing force.
The stop collar 4 is the open hollow cylinder of upper and lower ends.The shear platform ontology cylinder 30 is located at limit
In ring 4.The side wall of shear platform ontology cylinder 30 is contacted with 4 inner wall of stop collar.I.e. 4 sets of stop collar in shear platform ontology cylinder 30
On, when test, shear platform 3 is slided up and down along stop collar 4.
When test, the sample 2 is placed on the upper surface of the shearing ring 1.The sample 2 is located at shear platform 3 and shearing
Between ring 1.9 upper end of cylinder is contacted with pressure head of testing machine II60 on the shear platform.Cylinder 8 under the stop collar 4 and shear platform
Lower end contacted with 2 upper surface of sample.The outer diameter of shearing ring containing central blind hole is D, and internal diameter is 1- bigger than body diameter d on shear platform
3mm guarantees that shear surface is essentially vertical direction.
1 outer diameter of shearing ring, 2 diameter of sample are identical with 4 outer diameter of stop collar.9 diameter of cylinder is about on the shear platform
The 1/5 of 2 diameter of sample.10 internal diameter of centre bore is 1-3mm bigger than 9 diameter d of cylinder on shear platform, it is ensured that the basic edge of shear surface
Vertical direction.4 outer diameter of stop collar is D, identical as 2 diameter of sample and 1 outer diameter of shearing ring.4 internal diameter of stop collar is L,
Identical as shear platform 3 ontology cylinder, 30 diameters, shear platform 3 can move up and down inside it, realize shear action.The heat-shrink tube
One of 5 package samples 2 and 1 side wall of a part and shearing ring of 30 upper surface of stop collar 4 and shear platform ontology cylinder
Point.
Direct shear test carries out on normal triaxial test machine, carries out direct shear test using triaxial compression test method.
The pressure head of testing machine I6, pressure head of testing machine II60 are a part of the vertical loading system of testing machine.Shear is placed in liquid
Under environment, shear surface normal force is provided by triaxial test system confining pressure loading system, and shearing force is by the vertical loading system of testing machine
It provides, sample shear surface is circular curved surface.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment uses device described in embodiment 1, discloses a kind of indoor direct shear test method, comprising the following steps:
1) processing and fabricating sample 2 is highly h, diameter D, and 2 diameter of sample is identical as shearing ring 1,3 outer diameter of stop collar.
2) after processing is completed, assembling shearing ring 1, sample 2, shear platform 3 and stop collar 4 are assembling 5 sets of heat-shrink tube to sample
In vitro, it is made tightly to be attached at apparatus surface using air-heater heating heat-shrink tube.
3) by whole device, (shearing ring, shear platform, stop collar, heat-shrink tube etc. and sample are placed in three-axis tester and put down
On platform, apply confining pressure to setting value σ, sample horizontal direction is in hydrostatic pressure state.
4) after confining pressure reaches setting value σ, apply vertical pressure F, until sample destroys.It is worth noting that sample is sheared
Face is approximate circle curved surface, and it is P that sample, which destroys peak load,；Vertical load and shear displacemant are by triaxial test system during test
System automatic collection.
5) shearing strength is calculated:
Specimen broke face is circular cutout face, and shear surface area A=π dh, shear surface normal stress is σ, and shear surface, which is cut, answers
Power τ=F/A.Then normal stress σ acts on the shearing strength τ of lower samplef=P/ π dh.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment key step is with embodiment 2, and in test, processing cylindrical body plate griotte sample 2 first, sample is straight
Diameter D is 200mm, thickness h 40mm.Shearing ring 1, sample 2 and stop collar 4 are installed to placement in order, wherein 1 internal diameter of shearing ring
For 42mm, the outer diameter of shearing ring 1 and stop collar 4 is 200mm, and the internal diameter of stop collar 4 is 180mm；Shear platform 3 is aligned and is installed
In stop collar 4,30 diameter of shear platform ontology cylinder is 180mm, and lower 8 diameter of cylinder is 40mm.5 sets of heat-shrink tube outside device
Face makes heat-shrink tube 5 be attached at apparatus surface using air-heater heating；It places the device on three-axis tester push-down head, is arranged
Testing machine parameter applies confining pressure to 5MPa；Apply vertical load to sample to destroy, peak load 75.37kN；According to formula τf
It is 14.59MPa that=P/ (π dh), which calculates griotte sample shearing strength when normal stress is 5MPa,.It is to big in figure referring to Fig. 3
When managing rock sample progress indoor direct shear test, shear load-displacement curve of the griotte sample when normal stress is 5MPa.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of direct shear test device loaded using new triaxial test equipment, it is characterised in that: including shearing ring (1), shearing
Platform (3), stop collar (4) and heat-shrink tube (5)；
Shearing ring (1) upper surface is smooth, and center has centre bore (10)；Centre bore (10) is a blind hole；Shearing ring (1)
Lower surface contacted with pressure head of testing machine I (6)；
The shear platform (3) is located above shearing ring (1)；The shear platform (3) is variable diameter cylindrical body, from top to bottom successively are as follows:
Cylinder (8) under cylinder (9), shear platform ontology cylinder (30) and shear platform on shear platform；
The stop collar (4) is the open hollow cylinder of upper and lower ends；The shear platform ontology cylinder (30) is located at limit
In ring (4)；The side wall of shear platform ontology cylinder (30) is contacted with stop collar (4) inner wall；
When test, sample (2) is to be made into circular plate；The sample (2) is placed on the upper surface of the shearing ring (1)；Institute
Sample (2) is stated to be located between shear platform (3) and shearing ring (1)；Cylinder (9) upper end and pressure head of testing machine II on the shear platform
(60) it contacts；The lower end of cylinder (8) is contacted with sample (2) upper surface under the stop collar (4) and shear platform；
Heat-shrink tube (5) lower end is open, and upper end has through-hole；Heat-shrink tube (5) package sample (2) and stop collar (4), with
And shear platform ontology cylinder (30) upper surface a part and shearing ring (1) side wall a part.
2. a kind of direct shear test device loaded using new triaxial test equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Shearing ring (1) outer diameter, sample (2) diameter are identical with stop collar (4) outer diameter；Cylinder (9) diameter is examination on the shear platform
The 1/5 of sample (2) diameter；Centre bore (10) internal diameter is 1-3mm bigger than cylinder on shear platform (9) diameter d；Cylinder on shear platform
(9) identical with the diameter of cylinder under shear platform (8).
3. a kind of direct shear test device loaded using new triaxial test equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Direct shear test carries out on normal triaxial test machine, carries out direct shear test using triaxial compression test method；The test
Compressing head I (6), pressure head of testing machine II (60) are a part of the vertical loading system of testing machine.
4. a kind of direct shear test device loaded using new triaxial test equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Direct shear test device is placed under liquid environment, and shear surface normal force is provided by triaxial test system confining pressure loading system, shearing force
It is provided by the vertical loading system of testing machine, sample shear surface is circular curved surface.
5. a kind of indoor direct shear test method using straight shearing test device described in 1~4 any one claim, special
Sign is, comprising the following steps:
1) processing and fabricating sample (2) are highly h, diameter D, sample (2) diameter and shearing ring (1), stop collar (4) outer diameter phase
Together；
2) after processing is completed, assembling shearing ring (1), sample (2), shear platform (3) and stop collar (4) cover heat-shrink tube (5) to sample
Outside assembly, it is set tightly to be attached at straight shearing test device surface using air-heater heating heat-shrink tube；
3) entire straight shearing test device is placed on triaxial test machine platform, applies confining pressure to setting value σ, sample level side
To in hydrostatic pressure state；
4) after confining pressure reaches setting value, apply vertical pressure F, until sample destroys；Vertical load and shearing position during test
It moves by triaxial test system automatic collection；
5) shearing strength is calculated:
Sample shear cross section area A=π dh, shear surface normal stress are σ, shear surface shear stress τ=F/A；If vertical peak load
For P, then under normal stress σ effect sample shearing strength τ f=P/A.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610866522.9A CN106644754B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | A kind of direct shear test device and method loaded using new triaxial test equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610866522.9A CN106644754B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | A kind of direct shear test device and method loaded using new triaxial test equipment |
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| CN106644754B true CN106644754B (en) | 2019-06-18 |
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| CN108225946B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2023-09-19 | 四川大学 | Cylindrical rock sample direct shearing device and method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1601255A (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2005-03-30 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Central direct shear apparatus of triaxiality ring pressure |
| JP2005147676A (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-06-09 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Base rock shear test method and base rock shear testing device |
| JP2008241247A (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-09 | Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The | Shear tester for rock-bed discontinuous surface |
| CN102121887A (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-13 | 上海市城市建设设计研究院 | Improved type triaxial apparatus |
-
2016
- 2016-09-30 CN CN201610866522.9A patent/CN106644754B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005147676A (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2005-06-09 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Base rock shear test method and base rock shear testing device |
| CN1601255A (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2005-03-30 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Central direct shear apparatus of triaxiality ring pressure |
| JP2008241247A (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-09 | Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The | Shear tester for rock-bed discontinuous surface |
| CN102121887A (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-13 | 上海市城市建设设计研究院 | Improved type triaxial apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "A Comparison of Joint Stiffness Measurements in Direct Shear,Triaxial Compression, and In Situ";R. S. ROSSO;《Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. & Geomech. Abstr.》;19761231;第13卷;第167-172页 |
| "沥青混合料局部三轴压缩试验方法";张建同 等;《东南大学学报(自然科学版)》;20140731;第44卷(第4期);第838-844页 |
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Effective date of registration: 20231011 Address after: 402460 station 13, 10 / F, innovation and development center, 19 Lingfang Avenue, Changzhou street, Rongchang District, Chongqing Patentee after: Chongqing tongyushi Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 400044 No. 174 Sha Jie street, Shapingba District, Chongqing Patentee before: Chongqing University |
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