SU143036A1 - Cooling device _ - Google Patents

Description

It is known to use three types of cooling devices in refrigeration equipment, which differ from one another in sources of cold for cooling the environment:

1) in cooling devices of direct cooling, a source of cold is any evaporating refrigerant, such as ammonia, freon, etc., and a cylinder between the refrigeration unit and the cooling device;

2) in brine cooling devices, the source of cold is any coolant, for example a cold solution of various salts, glycerin, antifreeze, etc., also circulating between the cooling unit and the cooling unit;

3) in cooling accumulators, the source of cold for cooling the environment is the heat of fusion of freezing eutectic solutions of any salts, organic substances, water, and so forth, filling the device.

Heat transfer between the environment and the cold source takes place through the heat transfer, usually metal, surface of the cooling device.

However, the well-known cooling devices, made in supra vessels with tubes embedded in them, cannot be used simultaneously for several sources of cold.

The proposed cooling device, in comparison with the known ones, allows simultaneous use of cold accumulated in the refrigerant, coolant and in eutectic freezing solutions. For these purposes, the vessel is hermetically sealed and filled with a eutectic solution, and the tubes embedded in its walls or inside or outside and not communicating with it form one or more channels equipped with nozzles for inlet and outlet of the refrigerant or coolant circulating in it.

jNb 143036-2 -

Alternatively, the channel for the refrigerant or coolant is made of one or more coils, and the vessel for the eutectic solution is formed by walls and bottoms embedded between the pipes of the coils.

FIG. 1, 2, 3 schematically shows a cooling device with a different arrangement of pipes in it; in fig. 4 is a diagram of connecting pipes to each other; in fig. 5 is a schematic of an instrument in another embodiment.

The cooling device is a hermetically sealed vessel /, filled with a eutectic solution with 2 pipes 3 embedded in its walls (Fig. 1), or pipes 4 located inside the vessel (Fig. 2), or pipes 5 outside the vessel (Fig. 3 ), and the cavity of the pipe does not communicate with the cavity of the vessel. The pipes J, 4 and 5, respectively, for each variant of their arrangement, form one channel between them; The connection of the pipes can be made either by welded rolls 6 (Fig. 4) or rolls 7 made in the walls 2 of the vessel and continuing the channel formed by the pipes. The walls 2 of the vessel 1 between the pipes are cooling fins.

To connect the cooling device to the refrigeration unit, it is equipped with nozzles 8 to 9, respectively, for input and output of the refrigerant or coolant circulating in the channel. Above the surface of the eutectic solution inside the vessel 1 there is a free space from which air is drawn for vacuum; this space is provided to prevent vessel destruction from the eutectic solution expanding during freezing. In another embodiment, the cooling device has a channel for coolant or coolant, which is a coil 10 (Fig. 5), and the vessel consists of walls // and darlings 12 embedded between the pipes coil 10.

In order to freeze the eutectic solution in the vessel / pipe, the pipe 8 is supplied from the refrigeration unit with a liquid refrigerant, which freezes the solution upon evaporation. Refrigerant vapor through pipe 9 is returned to the refrigeration unit, where it is liquefied and fed back into the cooling device. From the moment of the supply of the refrigerant .in the pipe of the cooling device, the latter began to work as a device for direct cooling of the environment.

The freezing of the eutectic solution in the device can be accomplished by pumping a coolant from the evaporator of the refrigeration unit into the instrument's tubes; in this case, the device will work as brine.

When the supply of a refrigerant or coolant to the device is stopped, the eutectic solution melts with the absorption of heat from the environment and the device begins to work like a normal cooling device.

Thus, the proposed cooling device is universal, in which heat transfer from the environment is performed by the same surface with different sources of cold.

The device was tested with positive results when it was installed on the Moskvich-430 refrigerator car. The device can be used in railway transport, for cooling storages in dining cars, as well as in other sectors of the economy, for example, in refrigeration chambers of the distribution network and in catering establishments.