SU1429994A1 - Automated irrigation system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to control water distribution in closed pressure irrigation systems.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of work and expand the scope of application of the automated irrigation system.

FIG. 1 shows the irrigation system, general, and diagram; in fig. 2 is a diagram of a distribution pipeline control system (the end, connected to its lowest intermediate and head control units are shown); in fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main valve control unit at the start of the distribution pipeline; in fig. 4 is a diagram of the connection of the head control units of distribution pipelines with automatic control of the operation of the entire irrigation system.

The automated irrigation system includes a pumping station 1, the water distribution network of the system consists of the main 2, distribution Zn, where n 1, ..., cx) and 4t irrigation pipelines. Each of the distribution pipelines in its head part has an executive body in the form of a 5p hydraulic valve with a bp wire and a head control unit 7p. At the head of the irrigation pipelines, there are 8t executive bodies, where m is 1, ..., and with 9m drives. Irrigation pipelines are equipped with control units 10k, where k 1, ..., with. The intermediate control units on each of the distribution piping between the head and end control units are the same, and all the end control units are the same.

FIG. 2 shows control units for one distribution pipeline. The nth distribution pipeline is taken as an example. According to the accepted designations, there are k control units throughout the irrigation system that manage irrigation pipelines, the total number of which in the irrigation system is m. The numbers k can be different. FIG. 2, conventionally, only one (k-1) -th control unit 10k-1 is shown, which is intermediate between the head control unit and the terminal kth control unit 10k of irrigation pipes. One control unit, intermediate or terminal, can serve one or several irrigation pipes. FIG. 2 it is conditionally shown that the end k-th block 10k controls the operation of two irrigation pipes 4t-1 (t-1) -th and t-th 4t, and that the intermediate (k-1) -th block 10k-1 control also controls The operation of two irrigation pipelines 4t-3 (t-3) -th and 4t-3 (t-2) -th. In either case

for one of the irrigation pipelines, an actuator drive device is shown, and for another, the drive is shown schematically. The control unit (Fig. 2) contains a hydraulic valve 5p, its drive 6p, and a head unit 7p of control. The head control unit has a power supply channel 11p and information input 12p and output 13p channels.

 In the intermediate control unit, the command formation unit 14k-1 includes a hydraulic gravity element MEMORY 15 with the inputs "Memory," Erasing the memory and the output channel, unloading

5 valve 16 and a two-position hydraulic switch 17 with control and two output channels. A signal from the next (final) control unit is supplied to the control input of the hydraulic switch. The first output channel I of the hydraulic switch is connected to the output channel of the MEMORY element, the second output channel n through a timer with the “Memory erasure” input, as well as through the unloading valve with actuators of the 4t-2, 4t-3 irrigation pipes operated by this intermediate control unit.

The last group of irrigation pipelines, including in this case pipelines 4 t, 4 t-1, is equipped on the distribution pipe (end) with control unit 10k. In this block, the command generation node 14k contains a gravitational logic element OR 18 with two inputs and an output channel and a membrane-valve logic element NOT 19. The output channel of the element OR is connected to one of its inputs and to the input of the element NOT. The output of the element is NOT connected through valves 6 to the actuators of the executive bodies of the irrigation pipe group, and is also connected to the second inlet of the element

0 OR through the timer.

On the system, in the control units, cleaning devices are provided through which the supply channels of all the irrigation control units are connected

5 to the distribution pipeline. According to FIG. 2 they are made in the form of hydrocyclone devices with sumps. The unloading valve ensures the discharge of water from the information channel (which takes place for

.,. through expansion of air) when pressure is removed. The drained water contains mechanical impurities, so it is immediately vented to the atmosphere to prevent the elements of the device from being silted. The valve is raised to the upper position.

5 by flowing water (from the information channel) while relieving pressure in its feed channel. For this, the valve locking element is provided with two disks for windage (Fig. 2).

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, respectively, the head valve control unit of the distribution pipeline, independently used for automatic shutdown of the distribution pipeline at the end of irrigation, and, for example, the distribution pipeline Pn (Fig. 3) and Piping control valves 3p and P3 are taken -1 with automatic control of the entire irrigation system (Fig. 4), the elements of the device, in contrast to FIG. 2 is shown schematically on which one of the possible variants of their constructive implementation was presented.

The head control unit (Fig. 3) of the distribution valve hydrolock consists of a cleaning device 20 connected by a supply channel to the inlet branch of the hydraulic valve, the output of which is connected in parallel with the supply channels of two gravitational hydraulic elements MEMORY 21 and 22, with a two-position hydraulic switch 23 with two working channels 24 and 25 and a normally closed on / off valve and a device off valve with manual control buttons. The output channel of the device enable valve is connected to one of the input channels "Memory of the first MEMORY element, and the output channel of the device shut-off valve is connected to one of the input channels of the" MEMORY of the second MEMORY element. The second input channels of both elements of the MEMORY are connected to the output channels of the specified elements. In addition, the output channel of the first of these elements is connected to the hydraulic valve drive of the distribution pipeline. The output channel of the second of these elements is connected to the first working channel of the two-position switch, through which, at one of the switch positions, it is connected to its power channel, and at its second position, through the second channel, the switch is connected to the memory erase channels of both MEMORY elements. In this case, with the second element MEMORY it is connected through the element 26 of the delay, which can be performed, for example, in the form of a container with a siphon.

The head control units (Fig. 4) of the hydraulic locks of all distribution pipelines are connected by information channels with automatic control of the operation of the entire system by communication channels, starting from the head unit (end), counting from the pump station, the distribution pipeline. The first from the pumping station head control unit is connected to the hydraulic inlet channel of the pump control panel. In all the head

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

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five

In the blocks, excluding the end head unit, the second two-position switches 27 are installed, the supply channels of which are connected to the outputs of the cleaning devices. The output channel of the first MEMORY elements (right in Fig. 4) of these blocks, connected to one of its input channels, is also connected to the first working channel of the second two-position switch, through which at one of the switch positions it is connected to the power channel of this switch, and at the second the position through the second channel of the switch communicates with the hydraulic slide valve of the respective distribution pipeline. The control input of the second two-position switch is connected to the second working channel of the first two-position switch previous, counting from the end head control unit. For the end control head unit, this switch is unique as previously described. The specified connection is made using a communication channel, 28 (Fig. 4). Automated irrigation system works as follows.

The signal, which is transmitted from the head unit 7p through its output information channel 13p to the drive 6p of the hydraulic valve 5p, is finally opened and the distribution pipeline is filled. Watering begins with a group of pipelines serviced by an end control unit (Fig. 2, pipelines 4t-1 and 4t).

The activation of the end control unit is performed as follows. Water passes through the element NOT to the timer input through the throttle (not shown in Fig. 2), and the timer is activated. At the same time, the output signal of the element is NOT supplied to the actuators of the group of executive bodies of the field pipelines serviced by this control unit, which opens, irrigation begins, and the specified output signal is also fed to the control input of the switch 17 in the adjacent intermediate control unit. After the specified irrigation time has elapsed, a water flow appears at the output of the timer, which enters the input of the OR element, at the outlet of which pressure is created, maintained due to the presence of feedback until the end of the full cycle of operation of the entire distribution pipeline. At the same time, the pressure is transmitted to the input of the NOT element, which switches, and the pressure in its output channel and in the control channel for actuators of the actuators serviced by the end unit is relieved. These executive bodies are closed.

The adjacent control unit operates as follows.

As long as there is pressure in the control channel of its switch, water flows through its first output channel to the input "Memory of the MEMORY element, at the output of which a signal appears that is maintained due to the feedback action; In the MEMORY element. When pressure is removed in the control channel of the switch, it is switched and the water passes in the switch from the first to the second EO output channel and enters the timer, turning it on. At the same time, the increased pressure is transmitted through the unloading valve to the actuators of the group of executive bodies of the irrigation pipelines controlled by this control unit irrigation pipelines 4t-2 and 4t-3. These irrigation pipes start watering. The increased pressure is transmitted through the input information channel and to block 7p. When the specified irrigation time has elapsed, a flow of water appears in the output channel of the timer and in the channel Erasing the memory of the MEMORY element under consideration by the intermediate control unit. The valve element MEMORY is closed. The water flow through the second output channel of the two-position interrupter is stopped and the discharge valve reports with a drain the signal transmission line to the actuators of the actuators. Watering through pipelines 4t-1, 4t stops. The pressure in the input information channel of the head control unit as well as in its output information channel is also removed, which leads to the closure of the hydraulic slide of the distribution pipeline, which is turned off from work. If the system has several controls for intermediate irrigation pipes connected between the end and head control units, they work in the same way as the described intermediate control unit, and after the completion of the first of these intermediate blocks, the signal is transmitted to the head control unit in the same way. by which the hydraulic slide of the distribution pipe is closed.

Head control unit {FIG. 2) works as follows.

By pressing the "Turn on" button of the water, the cleaning device passes through the cleaning device 20 into the vessel under the inlet of the first element MEMORY 21. Element 21 changes its state and a hydraulic signal appears at its outlet, which is transmitted to the second of the parallel-connected inlet channels. The new state of the item is memorized. This signal is also transmitted to the slider and it opens. With the flow of water into the distribution pipeline Zp in this area of the system begins

irrigation, the water distribution being carried out by the irrigation pipeline control units associated with this distribution pipeline. After the operation time of all the control units of the irrigation pipelines, except for the first one, the intermediate control unit, the first one from the specified hydraulic shutter, is put into operation. In this case, a signal appears in the information channel 12, under the action of which the dip switch 23 connects its feed channel to the output channel of the second element MEMORY 22. Water from the first working channel 24 of switch 23 passes into the vessel under the input channel of element 22 and its state changes. At the same time, water enters the specified vessel also from the outlet channel of the element 22 and its new state is remembered. This state of the head unit is maintained until the watering in the area closest to the head unit is completed, and a signal is taken in the information channel 12p. When a signal is removed in channel 12p of the control unit, the control unit element 22 closes its power channel and informs the output channel with its second working channel 25. Water from the output of element 22 through the second working channel 25 of the switch 23 begins to flow through the input channels, erasing the memory into the left channels. (Fig. 3) the vessels of the elements MEMORY 21 and 22. At the same time, the feed channel in the element 21 is first closed, which leads to the closure of the hydraulic slide of the distribution pipeline. After the signal appears at the output of the delay element 26, the supply channel and element 22 also close. To shut down the unit from operation, if necessary, before the watering cycle from the distribution pipeline in question, the off valve (Off) is used. By pressing its button, the water passes directly into the input channel of the element 22 and then the head unit is switched off according to the written scheme. Upon completion, the unit returns to its original state, in which it is ready for operation in the next watering cycle.

With automatic control of the entire irrigation system, the head blocks of distribution pipelines are interconnected as shown in the example of blocks 7p and 7p-1 (Fig. 4). In block 7n, through which the information signal is transmitted to block 7n-1, channel 28 is connected to the second working channel of a two-way switch. The operation of block 7p-1 takes place when pressure is created in channel 28. In this block, the second two-position switch 27 communicates its feed channel with its own first working channel and with the output channel of the first MEMORY element of this block. When the corresponding vessel of the specified MEMORY element is filled, a signal appears at its output by which the state of the element is memorized. After the pressure in the channel 28 is relieved, the switch 27 closes its supply channel and informs the output channel of the first MEMORY element with the drive of the corresponding hydraulic slide that opens. Starts watering in a new area. In the future, the operation of this unit is performed in the same way as the previous one, in the considered example, of the 7th control unit. Manual switching on and off of the unit, if necessary, is carried out similarly to that described previously with reference to FIG. 3. ACE

This process is repeated until the end of irrigation in all parts of the irrigation system. Upon completion of irrigation, a signal is transmitted from the first head unit to the hydraulic input channel of the pumping unit's control panel, through which the electrical circuit opens to the relay blocking the pump start buttons and the irrigation system is turned off.

The advantage of the described system is the use of the same type of control units in the automation of the distribution pipelines with irrigation pipelines attached to them, as well as the comprehensive automation of the entire irrigation system. The system saves irrigation water and reduces the proportion of manual labor and land reclamation.

11 Lk

Phie 1

Claims (3)

AUTOMATED IRRIGATING SYSTEM, containing on the pine station, main pipeline, distribution and irrigation pipelines with hydraulic valves installed in their channel, controlled by control units on distribution and intermediate on irrigation pipelines, connected to distribution pipelines through treatment devices and containing series-connected team formation units, a timer, a drive unit, and the input of the command forming unit of each control unit is connected to the output below the control unit, the last of the intermediate control units is made in the form of a series-connected element NOT, a timer, an OR element and a drive unit, and the elements NOT, OR, the timer are made in the form of hydraulic gravitational elements, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability work and expanding the scope of the system, the intermediate control units are equipped with nodes "Memory" installed between the nodes of the drive and the formation of teams, the last of which are made in the form of on-off me branched hydraulic switches, the first output of which is connected to the “Memory” unit, and the second to the timer and the drive unit, equipped with an unloading valve at the inlet and made in the form of a two-position diaphragm valve, whose inverse outputs are connected to two hydraulic valves on adjacent irrigation pipelines control units connected to the first intermediate control units are equipped with two nodes "Memory", one of which is installed between the inputs of the drive unit and the second output of the two-position membrane hydraulic switch, and the second - between the second and first outputs of the on-off membrane hydraulic switch, and two valves for manually turning the head control unit on and off, connected by inputs to the treatment devices, and outputs - to the additional inputs of the two MEMORY elements. 2. The system by π. 1, characterized in that the nodes "Memory" are made in the form of gravitational hydraulic elements and contain a rocker kinematically connected to the valve switch, on one shoulder of which there is a load and a first vessel with a calibrated drain hole, hydraulically connected to a timer, and on the other a second vessel with a calibrated drain hole, hydraulically connected to the output of the valve switch, the inputs of which are connected to the on-off hydraulic switch and to the cleaning device. 3. The system of claims. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to increase the degree of automation of the system, the head control units, in addition to the last, are equipped with additional membrane on-off hydraulic switches connected to the previous head control unit and connected between the outputs of the first valve switch of the first MEMORY element and the drive unit. 1429994 A1