SU1426989A1 - Method of controlling reactor for producing commercial carbon - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the automation of chemical-technological processes, can be used in the petrochemical industry in the automation of reactors dp carbon black production and allows to stabilize the quality of carbon black. The signal from the sensor (D) 16 of the quality of the raw material is fed to the computing device 15, where the setpoint pressure in the reactor is calculated. The current value of the pressure in the reactor is measured by the sensor 18 and is controlled by the regulator 17 by acting on the magnetic starter 20, the actuator 21 and the valve 2. 1 sludge. (L with 4 you ooo with Ob with

Description

114

The invention relates to the automation of chemical-technological processes and can be used in the petrochemical industry in the automation of reactors for the production of carbon black by the furnace method.

The aim of the invention is to stabilize the quality of technical carbon.

The drawing shows an automatic control circuit implementing this method.

The scheme contains a reactor 1 with a rear 2 at the outlet, sensors 3-6 and air flow regulators 7-10 for th

25

REIEE and sprayed raw materials, fuel, actuators 11-14, computing device 15, sensor 16; ()

the quality of the raw material, the regulator 17 and the pressure sensor 18 in the reactor, the pneumo-electrolytic converter 19, the magnetic start-up catalyst and the executive level 21.

The method is carried out in a sweet manner.

The quality of carbon black is determined by the thermal balance of the reactor. At constant costs of the initial components and the quality of the fuel, the quality of the raw material affects the heat balance of the reactor. The effect on heat balance is exerted by stoichiometric values.

before

raw material combustion factors CCt, -Lc and to CO-L.

The amount of burning raw material is determined from the expression

35

thirty

n Vb.n

(, yL ".,. (1)

de v,

fe.n

-V,

& .Г

4f

+ V

B.P

v ..

VT LT

- excess air

in the reaction zone 5 dZ

- air consumption for hot fuel and the spraying of raw materials, respectively; e-,

-fuel consumption;

-stoichiometric coefficient of combustion TOP TOP |

-the relative amount of raw material, turned; up to CO

55

Linearize equation (1); in a neighborhood of some static point L., and

(WITH

-t h

-LC. )

ls - 1.S. ; .f

)

. () T

.d

2 A b

(2)

To stabilize the thermal balance of the reactor, the following conditions must be met:

 0

(3)

Given the conditions (3), expression (2) takes the form:

one

CO / j

ys ggo bc. -H

(four)

Obtained by the regression method

analysis of experimental static

po-g LC index versus index model

the raw material correlation is:

co LC

 9.45627 + 0.0187573 IR - 0.000117348 IC

(five):

When changing the IR of the raw material within 10 units, which is observed in practice. In order to obtain a specific carbon grade, the difference L i-c can be considered constant. Thus, the expression (5). has the form:

C K,

; Ajbc

L6)

. one

where K. 5b Z L2b-coefficient

  proportionality.

The relative amount of feedstock converted to CO is a function of the pressure in the reactor, i.e.

 f (p)

(7)

five

Tak5 with increasing pressure in the reactor, the proportion of the raw material converted to. CO is reduced, since CO formation reactions are suppressed during combustion and gasification of the raw material.

Under actual factory conditions, the pressure in the reactor can be varied within small limits (0.05-0.1 kgf / cm), because the pressure margin is limited

3.К26989

power factory compressor

Therefore, dependence (7) can be determined experimentally as a linear function, i.e.

 K, R,

coefficient of proportionality, determined experimentally. expression (6) takes the form:

(eight)

& P KiLf Cl

where K g- is the proportionality ratio.

Thus, the effect of a change in the properties of cf, manifested by a change in bd. , can be compensated by changing the pressure in the reactor, while the remaining process parameters are unchanged. At the same time, the heat balance of the reactor is invariant with respect to the change in the properties of the raw material, which ensures that carbon black is stable in quality, such as:

The automatic control scheme implementing the proposed method works as follows.

Air consumption for combustion, spraying of raw materials, fuel and raw materials is measured by flow sensors 3-6 (diaphragm (9) unbalance between measured and predetermined 15 pressure values in the reactor, regulator 17 generates a signal which, through magnetic starter 20 MKP-0-58) contactlessly controls the actuator 21 (of the type MEP20 250), which acts on the outlet valve 2, while increasing the flow area of the output valve reduces the pressure in the reactor, and reducing the flow area 25 NIN of the output valve increases pressure In the reactor so that the measured pressure corresponds to the calculated.

The computing device 15 is built on the basis of the standard elements of the USEPPA system and fulfills the functions +, - (algebraic summing device PF 1,1), and x. (the device multiplied by the constant coefficient

, e PF 1.9, replicating devices with differential manometers - ttf 1 18

 13DD11), are stabilized by flow regulators 7-10 (type PR 3.31 with a secondary device PV 10.13) and are regulated by means of actuators 11-14 (type PSU, for the IRR it is a damper with MIM),

The computing device 15 from the raw material quality sensor 16 (measuring the correlation index of the raw material in the IR-1 stream) receives a signal corresponding to the raw material quality indicator (for example, correlation index), where based on the experimentally determined dependence

Р К-, (10)

where K is a constant coefficient determined empirically;

Using this control method allows stabilizing the quality of carbon black by stabilizing the thermal balance of the reactor.

Claims (1)

Formula invented and 45 50 A method of controlling a reactor for producing carbon black, including stabilizing the supply of feed streams at the inlet to the reactor, measuring the quality of the raw material and controlling the flow rate of the output stream from the reactor, characterized in that, in order to stabilize the quality of carbon black, the pressure in the reactor is also measured, using the measured value of the quality of the raw material, the specified pressure value in the reactor is calculated; it is compared with the measured value of the pressure 1 and when the specified value is exceeded L stoichiometric coefficient of raw material combustion to CO2; ten P is the pressure in the reactor; the specified pressure pressure in the reactor is calculated; B is the reactor 17 pressure regulator (for example, R-21 with the IOCF measuring unit) as the ) the signal from the pressure sensor 18 (for example, III) is supplied to me, and as a task, the signal from the computing device 15 converted into a pneumo-electric converter 19 (of the type PE-55M) into a unified electric signal (0-5 A): unbalance between the measured and predetermined 15 pressure values in the reactor; the regulator 17 generates a signal which, through a magnetic starter 20 (such as MKP-0-58), non-contact controls the actuator 21 (of the MEP20 250 type), which acts on the output valve 2, At the same time, an increase in the flow cross section of the outlet valve leads to a decrease in pressure in the reactor, and a decrease in the flow cross section 25 of the NIN in the expansion valve increases the pressure in the reactor so that the measured pressure corresponds to the calculated one. The computing device 15 is built on the basis of the standard elements of the USEPPA system and fulfills the functions +, - (algebraic summing device PF 1,1), and x. (the device multiplied by the constant coefficient The use of this control method makes it possible to stabilize the quality of carbon black by stabilizing the thermal balance of the reactor. Formula invented and A method of controlling a reactor for producing carbon black, including stabilizing the supply of feed streams at the inlet to the reactor, measuring the quality of the raw material and controlling the flow rate of the output stream from the reactor, characterized in that, in order to stabilize the quality of carbon black, the pressure in the reactor is also measured, using the measured value of the quality of the raw material, the specified pressure value in the reactor is calculated; it is compared with the measured value of the pressure 1 and when the specified value is exceeded 514269896 pressures above measured values decrease pressure values over a given increase in the flow rate of the output product from the reactor, the flow rate of the output product from the reactor, e, when the measured reactor is exceeded.