SU1421844A1 - Apparatus for sinking vertical holes in earth - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to construction equipment. The goal is to simplify device management. An air distribution nozzle (GRP) 12 is attached to the housing 1, which has a hammer 7, through an absorber 15 with axial displacement to switch the operating mode of the hammer 7. On the housing 1, a rigid loop 2 is rigidly fixed to the GRP 12 with two ends located diametrically opposite to it. m ha 19. On the body 1 is fixed one end of the cable 3, connected simultaneously with the loop 2 and the latch 19 in the middle. The other end of the cable 3 is attached to the winch. The length of the cable 19 is less than the distance from the point of attachment of the cable 3 to the loop 2 to the point of attachment of the cable 19 to the GRP 12 by the amount of its stroke. When the device is removed from the well, the cable 3 pulls up and through 19 tons there is no upward GRP 12. Loop 2 is in a free state. When moving the GRP 12 upward compressed air, acting on the GRP 12, moves it to its extreme rear position. The cable 3 pulls only the loop 2. When the cable 3 is winched by the winch, it sends a force through the loop 2 to the housing 1, helping to remove it from the well. 1 3. p. F-ly, 2 ill. (ABOUT

Description

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The invention relates to construction equipment and can be applied to penetrate wells drilled for the manufacture of ramming piles.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify device control.

FIG. 1 shows a device for punching vertical wells in the ground in the forward stroke mode, longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - the same, in reverse mode.

The device comprises a housing 1, on the tail of which a loop 2 is fixed, connected to the cable 3. The ends of the loop 2 are fixed on a nut 4 screwed into the tail part of case I. In the nut 4 and its conical part there are holes, in which bolts 5 are mounted, fixed a nut 6. In case 1, a drummer 7 is mixed with a window 8 and a cavity 9 in which a unit is installed consisting of a stepped sleeve 10 with a window 11, inside which is located an axially movable air distributor nozzle 12 with a spring 13. In the front part sleeve 10 in her stu a larger diameter is provided with a protrusion 14. A bushing 10 is attached to the rear part of the body 1 through a shock absorber 15 with channels 16. The air guide hose 17 is attached to the tail part of the nozzle 12 by means of a nut 18, on which a flexible ha is attached 19. The ends of the latter are fixed to the nut 18 opposite. One end of the cable 3 is connected simultaneously with the loop 2 and the leg 19, and the other end of it is attached to a winch (not shown). The length of the cable 19 is less than the distance from the point of attachment of the cable 3 to the loop 2 to the point of attachment of the cable 19 to the socket 12 by the stroke of the latter. The cable 3 is fixed in the middle of the cable 19 and loop 2. In the housing 1 there are cameras, including the reversing chamber 20 of the striker 7, the camera 21 of the forward stroke of the striker 7 and the exhaust chamber 22.

The device works as follows.

When immersed in the well (forward stroke of the device), the air distribution pipe 12 under the action of the spring 13 is placed in its forward position in contact with the protrusion 14 of the sleeve 10. The window 11 of the sleeve 10 is blocked by the pipe 12. The cable 3, ha ha 19 and loop 2 mc in the free (unstressed) state. When compressed air is supplied through the hose 17 to the chamber 21 of the forward stroke of the striker 7, the latter moves forward before striking the front of the housing 1 (Fig. 1). When the window 8 of the striker 7 leaves the front end edge of a step of a larger diameter of the sleeve 10, the compressed air from the chamber 21 through the window 8 enters the chamber 20 of the striker's return stroke 7. The pressure of the compressed air in both chambers is equalized. However, due to the different cross-sectional area of the chambers 20 and 21, a force arises, driving the hammer 7 in the opposite direction until the window 8 of the hammer 7 leaves the rear end of the step of a larger diameter of the sleeve 10.

The exhaust air from the chamber 20 is removed to the exhaust chamber 22, and then through the channel 16 of the shock absorber 15 to the atmosphere. At the time of filling the chamber 20

compressed air causes a drop in pressure of compressed air in chamber 21, and when the hammer 7 moves towards the tail end of the housing 1, the pressure of compressed air in chamber 21 rises. As a result of these

differences in the sleeve 10 are different in magnitude forces that are transmitted to the shock absorber 15. Under the action of these forces, the latter changes its axial dimensions (in real structures up to 10 mm) Cable 3, which is in a free state, does not affect the deformation shock absorber 15 and is lowered into the well following housing 1 under the action of its own weight and tension of the nozzle 12.

When the required penetration depth is reached, the device is removed from the well, for which purpose pull the cable 3, which through traction 19 and the nut 18 t does not have upward branch pipe 12. Loop. 2 while in a free state. When moving

pipe 12 up along the longitudinal axis between the protrusion 14 of the sleeve 10 and the front end of the pipe 12, a gap is formed. Compressed air in the chamber 21 affects a large area of the nozzle 12 and moves it to the extreme

back position. Since the stroke length of the nozzle is the sum of the length of the string 19 and the length of the loop 2, it is extremely slow; The position of the nozzle 12, the cable 3, pulls only the loop 2, and the tractor ha 19 is in the free position. When the winch pulls the cable 3 through the loop 2, it transmits the force to the housing 1, which helps to remove it from the well. At the same time, the drummer 7 continues to reciprocate. Due to the pressure of compressed air in the chamber 21, it moves forward, and after the window 8 communicates with the window 11, the sleeve 0 moves in the opposite direction.

As the volume of the return travel gauge 20 has increased due to the increase in

distance from the front end of the sleeve 10 to the window 11, a more intense throwing of the striker 7 occurs backwards and it hits the nut 4 in the extreme rear position. Under the impact of the shock pulse, the shock absorber 15 deforms. Together with the shock absorber, the sleeve 10 also moves 19. The deformation of the shock absorber 15 is small in relation to the length of the stroke of the sleeve 10 (in real machines

the shock absorber deforms by 7-10 mm, and the sleeve stroke — by (30-35 mm); therefore, the pull 19 extends behind the sleeve 10. At the same time, the cable 3 does not affect the pull 19 and does not restrict its movement. Since the compressed air is introduced into the chamber 20 in this case earlier than in the direct mode of operation of the device, the hammer 7 in its forward position no longer touches the front end of the housing 1, i.e. in this case only the tail part is struck whereby the whole device moves up from the well.

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operation of the device due to the uniform deformation of the shock absorber 15.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Device for punching vertical wells in the Soil, including a housing with a hammer and an air distribution pipe attached through a shock absorber to the housing with axial displacement for switching the operating mode of the hammer, and a cable fixed at one end to the housing and the other end attached to the winch characterized in that, in order to simplify control of the device, it is provided rigidly fixed to the body loop With the release of compressed air from the chamber is and rigidly fixed on the air diffuser 21 into the chamber 20 and the exhaust of its separation nozzle is flexible, In this case, the end of the cable attached to the body is connected simultaneously with the loop and the cable, and the length of the cable is less than the distance from the cable attachment point to the loop The oscillation is with an amplitude of 7-10 mm. The T - 20 attachment of the gi to the air distribution 19 at the same time fluctuates with such a nozzle by the stroke of the nozzle. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ha is fixed on the air distribution pipe by two ends. chamber 20, the pressure of the compressed air in the chamber 21 is pulsating, which creates a pulsating force acting on the shock absorber 15, which has a perfect amplitude, since the cable 3 interacts with the loop 2 and does not limit the oscillation of the rod 19. The securing of the ends of the rod diametrically opposed to the pipe 25 located diametrically opposed to 12, and the end of the cable 3 in the middle is false, and the end of the cable is fixed to the center 19 and loop 2 increases the reliability of the rod and the loop. FIG. 2