SU1409755A1 - Apparatus for boring large-diameter wells - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to drilling equipment and m. Used in the drilling of wells for various purposes with direct flushing. The goal is to increase the productivity of drilling in the planetary movement of bits. A drill with bits 17 is mounted on the drill string 3. Above the bits 17 there is a sludge crushing mechanism with a conical disk plate coaxial with the column 3, which interacts with the tapered rollers. The rollers and the slab are made of a set of disks, respectively / D / 6 and 7, the side surfaces of which are reinforced with hard alloy. The rollers are mounted with the possibility of axial movement and are in the upper part with weights 10 in the form of springs. In D 6 and 7, respectively, of the rollers and slabs along the periphery, inclined holes are inclined with an inclination in the direction of rotation D 6 and 7. The crushed D 6 and 7 rock particles are removed from the well by an upward flow of fluid. As a result of the flow of fluid to the inclined holes D 6 and 7, a hydrodynamic pressure is created at the outlet, as a result of which the intensity of the re-grinding rock is increased. 3 3.11. f-ly, 2 ill. cl

Description

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The invention relates to a drilling technique and can be used for drilling wells for various purposes with direct flushing.

The aim of the invention is to increase the drilling efficiency in the planetary movement of bits.

FIG. 1 shows a device for drilling large-diameter wells, obdium view; in fig. 2 - spring-loaded discs rollers with inclined channels.

The device includes a drill, represented by a crosspiece 1, with weights, cargoes 2, attached to the drill string 3. In the cross member 1, actuators 4 are rigidly mounted, made in the form of turbodrills with drive shafts 5, which through disks 6 of rollers and disks 7 of the crushing mechanism plate The helmet is connected to an intermediate shaft 8 mounted coaxially with the drillstring 3. The disks 6 on the shafts 5 and the disks 7 on the intermediate shaft 8 are mounted on 1plica 9 with the possibility of agitation along the longitudinal axis of the shafts. On top of the disks of rollers b on the same slots, weights 10 are placed. Each of the disks 6 and 7 has cylindrical surfaces 11 and 12 and symmetrically arranged side surfaces 13 connected to the surface of cylinder 11. The disks 6 of rollers interact with the disks 7 of the plate by means of lateral surfaces 13. The disks 6 of the rollers are provided around the periphery with holes 14, which are inclined in the direction of their rotation and can instead be loaded with a spring 15, which abuts one end against the upper disk 6 and the other 16 against the shaft 16 ah 5. The outer surfaces of the rollers can be reinforced with a hard alloy to increase their wear resistance. It should be noted that the actuators 4 can be represented by electric motors or air motors. At the lower ends of the drive shafts 5 of the actuators 4 are installed the bits 17.

A device for drilling large diameter wells works as follows.

When the actuators 4 are turned on, the disks 6 of the rollers 6 preloaded with primers 10 or springs 15 come into rotation and, interacting with the plates 7, crush the particles of rock coming from the bottom together with the washing liquid. The particles crushed by disks 6 and 7 are picked up by an upward flow of fluid and, due to their low weight, are removed from the bottom zone and then from the well. With

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between the disks 6 and 7, very hard or very large particles of sludge that are not destroyed in a single pass, the disks, due to the possibility of axial displacement, raise and pass between these particles. After repeated passage through the contacting side surfaces 13 of the disks 6 and 7, these particles are finally crushed to a fine fraction, picked up by a stream of washing liquid. In the presence of peripheral oblique orifices 14, as a result of them running on the fluid flow, a hydrodynamic pressure is created at their outlet. The liquid together with the sludge particles passes through the apertures 14 and is injected into the zone of contact of the disks, as a result of which the intensity of the re-grinding of the cuttings is increased. During the drilling process, the drive shafts 5 of the drives 4 may experience strong vibrations due to the fact that they participate in complex planetary motion. Also on the shafts. 5, dynamic loads are transmitted due to the impact of the bits 17 on the borehole wall. However, since these vibrations and loads are transmitted through the cylindrical surfaces 12 and 11 to the intermediate shaft 8, they cancel each other out, and the vibrations and bending of the shafts 5 are significantly reduced, which improves the operation of the drives 4.

Claims (4)

1. A device for drilling large-diameter wells, including a drill with bits fixed on the drill string and a sludge crushing mechanism placed above the bits, with a conical disk plate mounted coaxially with the drill string on the drill, and conical rollers with the possibility of cooperating with a disk plate that is different the fact that, in order to increase the productivity of drilling in the planetary movement of bits, the plate and the rollers are made from a set of disks, while the rollers are mounted with the possibility of axial movement and are equipped with at the top of the weights. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the disks of the rollers and the plate circumferentially sloping holes are made with an inclination in the direction of rotation of the disks. 3. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that the side surfaces of the disks are archivated by the hard alloy. 4. Device on PP. 1-3, characterized in that the weights are made in the form of springs. 74 2