CN106593293A - High-speed axial percussion drilling method and device - Google Patents
High-speed axial percussion drilling method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106593293A CN106593293A CN201611235094.6A CN201611235094A CN106593293A CN 106593293 A CN106593293 A CN 106593293A CN 201611235094 A CN201611235094 A CN 201611235094A CN 106593293 A CN106593293 A CN 106593293A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling and relates to a high-speed axial percussion drilling method and device. The device comprises two units, namely, an impact unit and a high-speed rotating unit, wherein the impact unit and the high-speed rotating unit are directly connected with each other through threads or are indirectly connected with each other through a drilling rig; in a working process, the high-speed rotating unit can simultaneously generate upward and downward spreading hydraulic pressure pulses; the hydraulic pressure pulses are transferred to the impact unit and the inner self-oscillation effect of the impact unit is enhanced, so that a higher impact amplitude value is generated; and the two drilling methods of compound percussion drilling and vibration antifriction drilling can be realized through different mounting positions of the high-speed rotating unit and the impact unit. The adopted device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, safety, reliability and low pressure consumption; the drilling rig structure is not influenced; the device is suitable for various drilling platforms; the cost in processing manufacturing and use maintenance is lower; the device has an important practical significance in safely and quickly drilling deep wells, ultra-deep wells and complex structure wells.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to oil, gas drilling technical field, are related to a kind of high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling method and dress
Put, it is particularly a kind of to improve rate of penetration for deep-well, complex structural well and reduce the boring method and kit of frictional resistance.
Background technology：
Middle and late stage is entered with the exploration and development of landing field old filed petroleum resources, is to meet China to the huge of petroleum resources
Demand, increases the exploitation dynamics to deep and shallow sea petroleum resources.Wherein, deep formation rock is hard, anisotropism is strong,
Drillability is poor, and rate of penetration is extremely low, is entered using complex structural wells such as directional well, horizontal well and extended reach wells more than the petroleum resources of shallow sea
Row exploitation, the high frictional resistance in drilling process between drill string and the borehole wall causes " backing pressure " phenomenon, the pressure of the drill and moment of torsion is effectively passed
Drill bit is delivered to, rate of penetration is significantly reduced.Either because formation drillability difference or the borehole wall cause to the high frictional resistance of drill string
" backing pressure " phenomenon, all will undoubtedly reduce rate of penetration, extend drilling period, significantly reduce the exploration and development effect of oil gas
Rate, the input that increased fund.Through oil worker exploration and practice for many years, using the combined drilling of mud motor
Technology and using impacter rotating drilling technology obtained it is quick development and be widely applied, for soft～medium ground is carried
Effect is notable.Wherein, mud motor improves rate of penetration by improving drill speed, and rotating drilling technology can be produced
Life acts on the axial impact of bottom rock, can not only make bottom rock generation initial crack and extension forms volumetric fracture and carries
High efficiency of breaking rock, while the periodic wedging stratum of drill bit can be made, so as to improve the catalase amount of drill bit every revolution, but
Above two in the application process of technology with regard to remaining in problems, firstly, since mud motor and axial impact device are equal
Power need to be provided for it by consuming substantial amounts of drilling well liquid energy, increased the safety wind of ground pump load and line fracture
Danger, especially with the increase of well depth, the hardness on stratum increases drillability and is deteriorated, and the use of above-mentioned instrument will cause shaft bottom broken rock
It is not enough with the hydraulic energy for taking rock, broken rock and raising rate of penetration are had a negative impact, when serious, due to downhole hydraulic energy
Deficiency causes above-mentioned instrument normally to play a role, and also the axial impact instrument just because of mud motor and routine is equal
Substantial amounts of drilling well liquid energy is consumed, in causing to put into practice at the scene, two kinds of technologies are merely able to be used alone；Secondly, with well bore
Increasing formation hardness increases, and bottom rock is reduced to the sensitivity of drill speed, improves rotating speed by mud motor and carries
High rate of penetration effect is greatly weakened, in addition do not work on the contrary increase drill bit abrasion, meanwhile, underground power drilling is signed an undertaking
Structure is complicated, and the deeper drilling safety of well is poorer, makes a large amount of deep-wells and ultradeep well abandon the use of mud motor；Again,
Most of axial impact instrument overemphasizes impact of the ballistic work to efficiency of breaking rock, causes frequency of impact relatively low (less than 50Hz),
Simultaneously because excessive axial impact may cause drill bit wedging stratum too deep, broken rock moment of torsion is increased, be further exacerbated by boring
The stick slip vibration of head, easily causes down-hole purification and bit balling problem；Simultaneously because the frequency of impact of percussion tool is low, cause phase
The spacing of adjacent two shock points is excessive, rock fracture in dynamic indentation effect is reduced, in addition, the poor stability of percussion tool generally existing down-hole
The problem low with service life.
In sum, although the combination drilling technology and rotating drilling technology effect in deep-well, the speed-raising of ultradeep well hard formation
Begin to show, but remain in application process in substantial amounts of problem, and in complex structural well, because borehole wall frictional resistance is excessive brill is caused
Pressure applies difficult, further reduces the application effect of combined drilling and rotating drilling technology.Therefore, in China's oil resource
Exploration and development demand proposes that one kind is practicable urgently and under the big situation of drilling market, can further improve deep-well
And the drag and torque between shallow sea complex structural well rate of penetration, reduction drill string and the borehole wall, so as to finally improve drilling efficiency
Boring method and its kit, in the development of oil drilling industry efficient rock-breaking technology the critical period meaning weight of bottleneck is run into
Greatly.
The content of the invention：
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcoming that prior art is present, there is provided a kind of high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device
And method, deep-well and complex structural well rate of penetration, the drag and torque reduced between drill string and the borehole wall are improved, improve power auger
Speed.
To achieve these goals, high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device of the present invention includes impact unit and revolves at a high speed
Turn two units of unit, be directly connected to by screw thread between impact unit and high speed rotary unit, or be indirectly connected with by drilling tool,
High speed rotary unit produces in the course of the work the hydraulic pressure pulsation propagated up and down, hydraulic pressure pulsation transmission simultaneously
To impact unit, strengthen the self-oscillation effect inside impact unit, so as to produce bigger impulsive force amplitude；Wherein impact single
Unit includes the first top connection, hydraulic component, the first sleeve, sealing ring, hammering block bar and the first lower contact；Sleeve be internally provided with
The top connection of center flow channels is threaded connection, and sleeve inner is sequentially installed with from top to bottom hydraulic component and hammering block bar, hammering block
Bar lower end radial dimension is less than upper end radial dimension and passes sleeve and is threaded connection with lower contact；Under sleeve and hammering block bar
End mating part is polygonized structure to transmitting torque；Hammering block bar upper end external diameter is more than sleeve bottom diameter, prevents hammering block bar
Pass from sleeve；Sealing ring is provided with the outer peripheral face of hammering block bar upper end, impact unit is tied using existing self-oscillation waterpower
Structure modulates pulse and impact shock；High speed rotary unit include the second top connection, anti-lost nut, anti-boom, anti-lost sleeve, second
Sleeve, rotor, stator, universal coupling, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple, thrust bearing and high-speed joint；Top connection, anti-lost sleeve and
It is threaded connection two-by-two between two sleeve threes；It is sequentially provided with anti-lost nut, anti-boom inside second sleeve from top to bottom, turns
Son, stator, universal coupling, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple, thrust bearing and high-speed joint；Anti-lost nut is arranged on the top of anti-boom
End, anti-boom be arranged on anti-lost sleeve in, anti-lost nut, anti-boom and anti-lost sleeve composition anti-drop structure to prevent rotor,
Stator, universal coupling, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple, thrust bearing and high-speed joint come off from second sleeve；The lower end of anti-boom
On the top of rotor, the periphery of rotor is provided with the stator used cooperatively with it, rotor and stator composition annular seal space to installation by adhering
Room rotates at a high speed to drive the universal coupling being connected with rotor to produce, and the number of sealed chamber is according to required torque
Arrange；Water conservancy diversion pipe nipple is arranged on the lower end of universal coupling, and the side of water conservancy diversion pipe nipple is provided with pod apertures, and the lower end of water conservancy diversion pipe nipple sets
There is thrust bearing, universal coupling is connected by water conservancy diversion pipe nipple and thrust bearing with high-speed joint, universal coupling will turn
The eccentric rotary of sub- lower end is converted into being rotated about axis for lower contact.
The basic functional principle of self-oscillation arteries and veins hydraulic structure of the present invention is：In high-speed jet beam in top nozzle not
Stable Perturbation ripple such as vorticity fluctuation forms large scale collar vortex when through intracavity shear layer by the selection amplification of shear layer
Structure, the collar vortex in shear flow clashes into downstream impact walls and produces pressure disturbance ripple and upstream reflect, in upstream shear layer
New disturbance is induced at separation, when collar vortex frequency is close to the integral multiple of vibration chamber natural frequency or natural frequency, impact walls are attached
The nearly orderly vortex for producing and jet interactions, cause fluid impedance generating period change at impact walls, complete to jet
Blocking, part blocks and the modulated process that do not block completely, form the frequency low-amplitude axial impact of prawn nozzle impingement wall, from
Induced Oscillation formula hydraulic structure has the property that：One is hydraulic energy can be converted into into mechanical energy, and capacity usage ratio is high,
It is little to drilling fluid energy expenditure so as to can simultaneously to use with mud motor；Two be can produce high frequency (300～
The axial impact of (5～20KN) 600Hz) by a narrow margin, and the frequency of impact of conventional axial percussion tool is less than 50Hz；Three is structure
Simply, no-movable part, life-span length, disclosure satisfy that the requirement to instrument safety under drilling well underground working mal-condition.
When the present invention carries out composite impact drilling well using high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device, by drill bit, impact unit, height
Fast rotary unit and drilling rod are sequentially connected from bottom to top, make drill bit that rotation and high frequency axial impact at a high speed are produced to bottom rock,
So as to improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drillability poorly layer, detailed process is：Drilling fluid flows into high speed rotary unit from upper drilling string
Second top connection, drilling fluid flows through the sealed chamber of rotor and stator composition and drives rotor to produce the high speed rotation relative to stator
Turn；Drilling fluid flow through after rotor and stator through water conservancy diversion pipe nipple side pod apertures flow into high-speed joint center flow channels simultaneously
Impact unit is flowed into by the center flow channels of the first top connection；The high speed of rotor rotarily drives coupled universal coupling, leads
Stream pipe nipple and high-speed joint produce high speed rotary motion, and high-speed joint passes through the first top connection, the first sleeve, hammering block
The high speed rotary motion is passed to drill bit by bar and the first lower contact, and at the same time, drilling fluid is flowed into by the first top connection and impacted
Unit, self-oscillation process is produced when drilling fluid flows through hydraulic component, and formation acts on the frequency low-amplitude of hammering block bar upper surface
Impulsive force, by being directly passed to drill bit with the first lower contact, formation acts on the height of bottom rock to the frequency low-amplitude impulsive force
Fast rotary impact, so as to improve rate of penetration.
When the present invention carries out vibrating antifriction resistance drilling well using the axial percussion drilling device of high rotating speed, by drill bit and rotation at a high speed
Unit is joined directly together, and drilling rod is intervened between high speed rotary unit and impact unit, and the length of drilling rod determines according to actual needs；Punching
Unit top jointed rod is hit, makes drill bit that rotation and high frequency axial impact at a high speed are produced to bottom rock, meanwhile, impact unit band
Itself and the drilling rod axial vibration between high speed rotary unit are moved, so as to reduce the frictional resistance between this section of drill string and the borehole wall, is improved and is bored
Pressure transmission efficiency, so as to finally improve rate of penetration, detailed process is：Drilling fluid flows into impact unit from by the first top connection,
Self-oscillation process is produced when drilling fluid flows through hydraulic component, formation acts on the frequency low-amplitude impact of hammering block bar upper surface
Power, the frequency low-amplitude impulsive force is directly passed to by the first lower contact being threadedly coupled with hammering block bar and is connected with impact unit top
The drilling rod for connecing and high speed rotary unit are relative with the drilling rod of impact unit top connection and the generation of high speed rotary unit so as to excite
In the high frequency axial vibration of the borehole wall, reduce its frictional resistance between the borehole wall, the pressure of the drill is discharged, so as to improve rate of penetration.
The present invention compared with prior art, for deep formation hardness it is big, anisotropism is strong, drillability is poor and complicated knot
The low technical barrier of rate of penetration caused by the reason such as " backing pressure " caused by high drag and torque in structure well, proposes high speed rotary unit
And impact unit, and the difference of logical excessive speeds unit and impact unit installation site realizes composite impact drilling well and vibration antifriction
Resistance two kinds of new and effective boring methods of drilling well, to the final thinking for improving rate of penetration, have broad application prospects, and are adopted
Apparatus structure is simple, easy to use, safe and reliable, and pressure consumption is low, does not affect drilling tool structure, it is adaptable to various drilling platforms,
The cost of processing and manufacturing and working service is relatively low, and the boring method of proposition is realized simply, not changing existing drilling technology, for depth
The safely and fast drilling of well, ultradeep well and complex structural well has important practical significance.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram. of impact unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic diagram. of high speed rotary unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is composite impact drilling process principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is vibration antifriction resistance drilling process principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the basic functional principle figure of self-oscillation arteries and veins hydraulic structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the rock breaking mechanism comparing result figure in the embodiment of the present invention 2 to three kinds of boring methods, wherein (a) is compound
Drilling well, is (b) rotating drilling, (c) is composite impact drilling well.
Fig. 7 is the broken situation of rock under the different rotating speeds of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 8 is the lower catalase situation of the different frequency of impact effects of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 9 is catalase situation under the different operating modes of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment：
Below by embodiment and combine accompanying drawing the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
High rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device includes II two lists of impact unit I and high speed rotary unit described in the present embodiment
Unit, is directly connected between impact unit I and high speed rotary unit II by screw thread, or is indirectly connected with by drilling tool, is rotated at a high speed
Unit II produces in the course of the work the hydraulic pressure pulsation propagated up and down simultaneously, and hydraulic pressure pulsation is delivered to impact
Unit I, strengthens the self-oscillation effect inside impact unit I, so as to produce bigger impulsive force amplitude；Wherein impact unit I
Including the first top connection 11, hydraulic component 12, the first sleeve 13, sealing ring 14, the lower contact 16 of hammering block bar 15 and first；Sleeve 13
It is threaded connection with the top connection 11 for being internally provided with center flow channels, is sequentially installed with waterpower unit inside sleeve 13 from top to bottom
Part 12 and hammering block bar 15, the lower end radial dimension of hammering block bar 15 is less than upper end radial dimension and passes sleeve 13 and leads to lower contact 16
Cross threaded connection；Sleeve 13 and the lower end mating part of hammering block bar 15 are polygonized structure to transmitting torque；The upper end of hammering block bar 15
External diameter is more than the bottom diameter of sleeve 13, prevents hammering block bar 15 from passing from sleeve 13；It is provided with the upper end outer peripheral face of hammering block bar 15
Sealing ring 14, impact unit I modulates pulse and impact shock using existing self-oscillation hydraulic structure；High speed rotary unit II
Including the second top connection 21, anti-lost nut 22, anti-boom 23, anti-lost sleeve 24, second sleeve 25, rotor 26, stator 27, universal
Shaft coupling 28, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple 29, thrust bearing 210 and high-speed joint 211；Top connection 21, anti-lost sleeve 24 and second set
Each other by threaded connection between 25 threes of cylinder；It is sequentially provided with anti-lost nut 22, anti-boom inside second sleeve 25 from top to bottom
23rd, rotor 26, stator 27, universal coupling 28, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple 29, thrust bearing 210 and high-speed joint 211；Anti-lost spiral shell
Female 22 tops for being arranged on anti-boom 23, anti-boom 23 is arranged in anti-lost sleeve 24, anti-lost nut 22, anti-boom 23 and anti-lost
Sleeve 24 constitutes anti-drop structure to prevent rotor 26, stator 27, universal coupling 28, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple 29, the and of thrust bearing 210
High-speed joint 211 comes off from second sleeve 25；The lower end installation by adhering of anti-boom 23 is in the top of rotor 26, rotor
26 periphery is provided with the stator 27 used cooperatively with it, and rotor 26 and stator 27 constitute multiple sealed chambers, to drive and turn
The grade of universal coupling 28 of the connection of son 26 is produced and rotated at a high speed；Water conservancy diversion pipe nipple 29 is arranged on the lower end of universal coupling 28, water conservancy diversion
The side of pipe nipple 29 is provided with pod apertures, and the lower end of water conservancy diversion pipe nipple 29 is provided with thrust bearing 210, and universal coupling 28 is short by water conservancy diversion
Section 29 and thrust bearing 210 are connected with high-speed joint 211, and universal coupling 28 converts the eccentric rotary of the lower end of rotor 26
For being rotated about axis for lower contact 211.
The basic functional principle of self-oscillation arteries and veins hydraulic structure described in the present embodiment is as shown in figure 5, the height in upstream nozzle
In rapid fire a fluid stream unstable perturbation wave such as vorticity fluctuation through intracavity shear layer when, by the selection amplification shape of shear layer
Into large scale eddy ring structure, the collar vortex in shear flow clashes into downstream impact walls and produces pressure disturbance ripple and upstream reflect,
New disturbance is induced at the shear layer separation of upstream, when collar vortex frequency is close to the integral multiple of vibration chamber natural frequency or natural frequency
When, the orderly vortex and jet interactions of generation near impact walls causes fluid impedance generating period change at impact walls,
Blocking, part blocks completely to jet and the modulated process not blocked are completed, the frequency low-amplitude of prawn nozzle impingement wall is formed
Axial impact, self-excited oscillation type hydraulic structure has the property that：One is hydraulic energy can be converted into into mechanical energy, energy
Amount utilization rate is high, little to drilling fluid energy expenditure so as to can simultaneously use with mud motor；Two is can to produce high frequency
The axial impact of (300～600Hz) (5～20KN) by a narrow margin, and the frequency of impact of conventional axial percussion tool is less than 50Hz；Three
It is simple structure, no-movable part, life-span length, disclosure satisfy that instrument safety is wanted under drilling well underground working mal-condition
Ask.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment carries out composite impact drilling well using high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device described in embodiment 1, by drill bit
1st, impact unit I, high speed rotary unit II and drilling rod 2 are sequentially connected from bottom to top (as shown in Figure 3), make drill bit 1 to shaft bottom rock
Stone produces at a high speed rotation and high frequency axial impact, and so as to improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drillability poorly layer, detailed process is：Drilling fluid
The second top connection 21 of high speed rotary unit II is flowed into from upper drilling string 2, drilling fluid flows through the close of rotor 26 and the composition of stator 27
Envelope chamber simultaneously drives rotor 26 to produce the high speed rotation relative to stator 27；Drilling fluid is flow through after rotor 26 and stator 27 through leading
The pod apertures of stream pipe nipple 29 side flow into the center flow channels of high-speed joint 211 and by the center flow channels stream of the first top connection 11
Enter impact unit I；The high speed of rotor 26 rotarily drives coupled universal coupling 28, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple 29 and rotates at a high speed and connects
211 produce high speed rotary motions, and high-speed joint 211 is by the first top connection 11, the first sleeve 13, hammering block bar 15 and the
The high speed rotary motion is passed to drill bit 1 by one lower contact 16, and at the same time, it is single that drilling fluid flows into impact by the first top connection 11
Unit I, self-oscillation process is produced when drilling fluid flows through hydraulic component 12, and the high frequency that formation acts on the upper surface of hammering block bar 15 is low
Width impulsive force, by being directly passed to drill bit with the first lower contact 16, formation acts on bottom rock to the frequency low-amplitude impulsive force
High speed rotary impact, so as to improve rate of penetration.
There is following technical advantage in the present embodiment：First, consumed by reducing the pressure of percussion tool, enable mud motor
Enough and percussion tool is used simultaneously, it is clear that can further be improved the rate of penetration of simple combined drilling/rotating drilling, be solved
Both not interoperable contradictions for many years；Secondly, mud motor unit II is directly connected on the top of impact unit I,
The hydraulic pulse that it is produced is entered after the self-oscillation hydraulic component of impact unit I, and self-oscillation process will be made more abundant
With it is complete, the impulsive force amplitude and frequency of impact unit I can be significantly improved；Again, the composite impact technology for being proposed is not
It is the simple superposition of combined drilling and rotating drilling two ways.
The present embodiment is contrasted to the rock breaking mechanism of several boring methods, and its result is as shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment
Composite impact drilling well advantage is as follows：1. compared with conventional combined drilling, composite impact drilling well adopts " mud motor+high frequency
Axial impact device " structure, the frequency of impacter is up to the axial impact of 400～600Hz, can produce in combination with high rotating speed and incline
The bigger oblique impact of gradient, because the shear resistance of rock is equal to 1/12～l/6 of its comprcssive strength, therefore is more beneficial for single
Broken rock, and do not allow to be also easy to produce glutinous sliding and bit balling, axially depend on axle with the impact strength (i.e. impact velocity) of torsional direction
To impact velocity and the relative value of the speed that rotates in a circumferential direction, when needing to strengthen axial impact, it is possible to decrease mud motor rotating speed,
When needing to strengthen circumferential impact, can be realized by improving mud motor rotating speed；2. shaft bottom in composite impact drilling process
The number of times for being cut in the space point unit interval and impacting is improved, and especially number of shocks can rise to conventional drilling of spinning
8～12 times of (conventional rotating drilling frequency of impacts<50Hz), it is more beneficial for broken rock.3. axial impact component all with circumferential impact
In the presence of component, nearby rock produces microfissure to cause drill teeth, meanwhile, waterpower pulse enters microfissure, enhances original
The water wedge effect for having solid jet to produce, makes cracks can spread and forms volumetric fracture.
The present embodiment is using international large scale business finite element software LS-DYNA to high rotating speed rock fracture in dynamic indentation efficiency number
Value simulation, analog result shows that composite impact drilling well proposed by the invention has higher broken rock compared with other drilling modes
Efficiency, Detailed simulation parameter and quantitative result it is as described below：
A. analog parameter and result of the rotating speed to rock breaking efficiency：The a diameter of 215.9mm of PDC drill bit is assumed in simulation, is given
The pressure of the drill is 20KN, there is 20 PDC tooth contacts shaft bottom kata-rocks in the same time, then the pressure of the drill on single PDC teeth is W=1000N；
The impulsive force amplitude that self-excited oscillation type rotary percussion drilling instrument is produced is F=8000N, and frequency of impact is 500Hz, conventional rotation
Rotary speed is N=60rpm during percussion drilling, then the pace of PDC teeth is v=0.3m/s, and under operating mode of spinning at a high speed v=is taken
0.6m/s and v=0.9m/s, i.e., now drill speed is respectively 115rpm and 172rpm, Fig. 7 give rock under three kinds of rotating speeds
Broken situation (other specification all same), as can be seen from Figure 7 in the case of other conditions identical, rotating speed is to efficiency of breaking rock
Obvious effect, the volume of fractured rock is bigger in the rotating speed bigger unit interval, when drill speed is brought up to by 0.3m/s
Unit interval fractured rock volume is that efficiency of breaking rock improves close 1 times when 0.9m/s, illustrates that improve rotating speed imitates to broken rock
The impact of rate is very notable.
B. parameters for numerical simulation and result of the frequency of impact to rock breaking efficiency：Drill speed 115rpm is (equivalent to v=
0.6m/s), the pressure of the drill W=1000N, it is assumed that impulsive force amplitude is 400N under different frequency, it is 0 (i.e. that frequency of impact is simulated respectively
Without percussion), 100Hz, 200Hz, 400Hz, 500Hz, Fig. 8 give rock under different frequency of impacts crushing efficiency contrast
Situation, from figure, can be seen that in the case of impulsive force amplitude size and other conditions identical, the number of catalase unit in 8
Amount increases with the increase of frequency of impact, and rock-breaking efficiency is to increase from 200Hz to 500Hz for its medium frequency, increasing degree
Between 24.2%～85.1%, and crushing efficiency is closer under 100Hz and 200Hz impact force actions, 400Hz and 500Hz
Crushing efficiency is closer under impact force action.
Composite impact drilling well described in the present embodiment is impacting work compared to rotary impact using identical self-excited oscillation type
Just because of improve rotating speed so as to improve efficiency of breaking rock after tool, and improve drill bit compared to conventional rotary drilling and turn
Speed increased the wedging depth of stratum of drill bit so as to improve efficiency of breaking rock again, and the rock that Fig. 9 is given under three kinds of different technologies breaks
Broken efficiency comparative's result, as can be seen from Figure 9 efficiency of breaking rock be followed successively by from high to low：Composite impact drilling (creeping at a high speed),
Drilling of spinning and conventional drilling (compound drilling), and catalase process is more linear in conventional drilling process, churn drill
The process that the volume that drilling of entering and spin at a high speed has fractured rock in a short time increases suddenly, shows the mistake of rock fracture in dynamic indentation
Journey has process of the energy savings to release suddenly, and it be macroscopically volumetric fracture to be reacted to.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment carries out vibrating antifriction resistance drilling well using high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device described in embodiment 1, will bore
1, high speed rotary unit II, drilling rod 2 (length is according to actual needs), impact unit I and drilling rod 2 are sequentially connected from bottom to top
(as shown in Figure 4), makes drill bit that at a high speed rotation and high frequency axial impact are produced to bottom rock, meanwhile, impact unit I drive its with
The axial vibration of drilling rod 2 between high speed rotary unit II, so as to reduce the frictional resistance between this section of drill string and the borehole wall, improves the pressure of the drill and passes
Efficiency is passed, so as to finally improve rate of penetration, detailed process is：Drilling fluid flows into impact unit I from by the first top connection 11, when
Drilling fluid produces self-oscillation process when flowing through hydraulic component 12, formation acts on the frequency low-amplitude impact of the upper surface of hammering block bar 15
Power, the frequency low-amplitude impulsive force is directly passed to and impact unit I by the first lower contact 16 being threadedly coupled with hammering block bar 15
The drilling rod 2 and high speed rotary unit II of top connection, so as to exciting the drilling rod 2 being connected with the top of impact unit I and rotating at a high speed
Unit II produces the high frequency axial vibration relative to the borehole wall, reduces its frictional resistance between the borehole wall, the pressure of the drill is discharged, so as to improve machine
Tool drilling speed.
Antifriction resistance boring method is vibrated described in the present embodiment and there is following technical advantage：First, impact unit I produces high frequency
Impact by a narrow margin, the impact acceleration produced to its underpart drill string is less, so as to be conducive to improving the drill string fatigue life-span, reduce fatigue
Destruction；Secondly, in complex structural well drilling process, device for subsurface measuring (such as MWD/LWD) is generally connected on mud motor
Portion, the mud pulse signal that it is produced is inherently by the vibrator of drillstring vibrations, and most of exciting instruments of scene application
All be throttle type instrument (in the course of work area of passage reduce or completely cut off), undoubtedly can to downhole measurement tools signal to
Upper transmission has a negative impact, and self-excited oscillation type impact unit I proposed by the invention be full hole structure, in the course of work its
Area of passage keeps constant, therefore impact unit I will not have a negative impact to device for subsurface measuring, and both are by with good
Compatibility；Again, impact unit I adopt self-oscillation principle, basic no-movable part so as to which the life-span is greatly enhanced, and
Other percussion tools of scene application use screw rod or impeller as power resources, and its longevity is in screw rod or impeller
Life-span.Underground working very severe in drilling process, drill tool life is a factor for having to consider, therefore, the present embodiment
The vibration antifriction resistance drilling plan for being proposed more has feasibility.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device, it is characterised in that including two lists of impact unit and high speed rotary unit
Unit, is directly connected between impact unit and high speed rotary unit by screw thread, or is indirectly connected with by drilling tool, high speed rotary unit
Produce the hydraulic pressure pulsation propagated up and down simultaneously in the course of the work, hydraulic pressure pulsation is delivered to impact unit,
Strengthen the self-oscillation effect inside impact unit, so as to produce bigger impulsive force amplitude；Wherein impact unit includes first
Top connection, hydraulic component, the first sleeve, sealing ring, hammering block bar and the first lower contact；Sleeve be internally provided with center flow channels
Top connection is threaded connection, and sleeve inner is sequentially installed with from top to bottom hydraulic component and hammering block bar, and hammering block bar lower end is radially
It is smaller in size than upper end radial dimension and passes sleeve and is threaded connection with lower contact；Sleeve and hammering block bar lower end mating part
It is polygonized structure to transmitting torque；Hammering block bar upper end external diameter is more than sleeve bottom diameter, prevents hammering block bar from wearing from sleeve
Go out；Sealing ring is provided with the outer peripheral face of hammering block bar upper end, impact unit modulates pulse using existing self-oscillation hydraulic structure
And impact shock；High speed rotary unit include the second top connection, anti-lost nut, anti-boom, anti-lost sleeve, second sleeve, rotor,
Stator, universal coupling, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple, thrust bearing and high-speed joint；Top connection, anti-lost sleeve and second sleeve three
Between be threaded connection two-by-two；Be sequentially provided with from top to bottom inside second sleeve anti-lost nut, anti-boom, rotor, stator, ten thousand
To shaft coupling, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple, thrust bearing and high-speed joint；Anti-lost nut is arranged on the top of anti-boom, anti-boom peace
It is mounted in anti-lost sleeve, anti-lost nut, anti-boom and anti-lost sleeve composition anti-drop structure is to prevent rotor, stator, universal
Joint, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple, thrust bearing and high-speed joint come off from second sleeve；The lower end installation by adhering of anti-boom exists
The top of rotor, the periphery of rotor is provided with the stator used cooperatively with it, rotor and stator composition sealed chamber to drive with
The universal coupling of rotor connection is produced and rotated at a high speed, and the number of sealed chamber is arranged according to required torque；Water conservancy diversion is short
Section is arranged on the lower end of universal coupling, and the side of water conservancy diversion pipe nipple is provided with pod apertures, and the lower end of water conservancy diversion pipe nipple is provided with thrust bearing,
Universal coupling is connected by water conservancy diversion pipe nipple and thrust bearing with high-speed joint, and universal coupling is by the bias of rotor lower end
It is converted into being rotated about axis for lower contact.
2. a kind of using the method that as claimed in claim 1 high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device carries out composite impact drilling well, its
It is characterised by from bottom to top being sequentially connected drill bit, impact unit, high speed rotary unit and drilling rod, makes drill bit produce bottom rock
Raw rotation and high frequency axial impact at a high speed, so as to improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drillability poorly layer, detailed process is：Drilling fluid is from upper
Portion's drill string flows into the second top connection of high speed rotary unit, and drilling fluid flows through sealed chamber and the driving turn of rotor and stator composition
Son produces the high speed rotation relative to stator；Drilling fluid flows through the pod apertures after rotor and stator through water conservancy diversion pipe nipple side and flows into
The center flow channels of high-speed joint simultaneously flow into impact unit by the center flow channels of the first top connection；The high speed of rotor rotarily drives
Coupled universal coupling, water conservancy diversion pipe nipple and high-speed joint produce high speed rotary motion, and high-speed joint passes through
The high speed rotary motion is passed to drill bit by the first top connection, the first sleeve, hammering block bar and the first lower contact, at the same time, is bored
Well liquid flows into impact unit by the first top connection, and self-oscillation process, formation effect are produced when drilling fluid flows through hydraulic component
In the frequency low-amplitude impulsive force of hammering block bar upper surface, the frequency low-amplitude impulsive force with the first lower contact by being directly passed to brill
Head, formation acts on the high speed rotary impact of bottom rock, so as to improve rate of penetration.
It is 3. a kind of to carry out vibrating the method that antifriction hinders drilling well using high rotating speed axial direction percussion drilling device as claimed in claim 1,
It is characterized in that drill bit is joined directly together with high speed rotary unit, drilling rod is intervened between high speed rotary unit and impact unit, bored
The length of bar determines according to actual needs；Impact unit top jointed rod, make drill bit bottom rock is produced at a high speed rotation and
High frequency axial impact, meanwhile, impact unit drives itself and the drilling rod axial vibration between high speed rotary unit, so as to reduce the section
Frictional resistance between drill string and the borehole wall, improves load transfer efficiency, and so as to finally improve rate of penetration, detailed process is：Drilling fluid
Impact unit is flowed into from by the first top connection, self-oscillation process is produced when drilling fluid flows through hydraulic component, formation is acted on
The frequency low-amplitude impulsive force of hammering block bar upper surface, the frequency low-amplitude impulsive force is by the first lower contact for being threadedly coupled with hammering block bar
The drilling rod and high speed rotary unit being connected with impact unit top is directly passed to, so as to excite what is be connected with impact unit top
Drilling rod and high speed rotary unit produce the high frequency axial vibration relative to the borehole wall, reduce its frictional resistance between the borehole wall, and release is bored
Pressure, so as to improve rate of penetration.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611235094.6A CN106593293A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | High-speed axial percussion drilling method and device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611235094.6A CN106593293A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | High-speed axial percussion drilling method and device |
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| CN106593293A true CN106593293A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611235094.6A Pending CN106593293A (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | High-speed axial percussion drilling method and device |
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| CN108678659A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-19 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of underground drop is rubbed low frequency impact drilling tool |
| CN108798500A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of hydraulical impact device for power drilling tool |
| CN108979520A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-11 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of fluid power pulse-percussion drilling device |
| CN114059919A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-02-18 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Rotary impact integrated power drilling tool based on spiral mandrel driving |
| WO2022096661A1 (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-05-12 | Mincon International Limited | Drilling device with fluid column resonator |
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