SU1401378A1 - Method of estimating quality of bast-fiber material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of textile materials, can be used in assessing the quality and standardization of raw materials and fibers of bast cultures and improves the accuracy of evaluation of the obtained fiber. In order to assess the quality of the fibrous material, the free end of the sample is batted and simultaneously bent at several points with a constantly increasing deflection in the area between the clamp and the free end that is batted, and the quality assessment is carried out by the sum of the specimen which has the following relationship with the fiber quality or bast quality indicator: H aP - f - bP + c, where H is the sum of the girth angles (quality assessment); P is an indicator of sample quality; a, b, c are empirical coefficients depending on the type of bast cultures. A sample formed from the top, middle and butt parts of the fiber or bast of the same mass is tested, and the clamping of all the parts is carried out simultaneously at their upper ends. Before testing, the specimen is subjected to twisting, followed by its fixation in the area between the clamp and the free end, which is subjected to batting. 1 hp f-ly, 1 ill., 1 tab. CQ (L

Description

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The invention relates to textile materials science and can be used in assessing the quality and standardization of fiber or bast trees in enterprises that process them.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of evaluation of the obtained fiber.

The drawing shows the implementation of the method.

The simultaneous clamping of all parts beyond their tip ends allows the sample to be tested by displacing objects with respect to which deflection occurs from the tip end to the butt end. This makes it possible to take into account the ability of the fiber or bast to be divided into fibers of different lengths — a staple. This separation creates additional resistance and is also taken into account in the quality assessment. Sample twist ne

Sample 1 is fixed in clamp 2 and under the P by testing in the area between the clamp and

the section that is subjected to batting and its subsequent fixation allow one to imitate the bending and stretching of the sample in its twisted state, as well as to provide the necessary connection between the upper, inner and middle parts of the sample and their simultaneous break before the clamping point . Between the sum of the angles of circumference of a sample of objects and its main qualitative properties, there is the following theorem

 .- and (C, D) +

Pras.

E1 bend plates 3, mounted on the frames 4, located on both sides of the sample 1 in a vertical plane. One of the frames at the bottom has needles 5. One of the frames is mounted so as to move in the direction towards the second in order to bring it to the working position.

The method is carried out as follows.

Three handfuls are taken from the total mass of fiber or bast. From the first handful cut out. Comical dependence: the middle section, from the second - butt,

from the third - verschinochny. Of each

Plot form parts of the same length and mass. Then they are folded and simultaneously clamped at the ends directed towards the top of the handful.25

A free, non-clamped end of sample 1 is placed between two rows of plates 3, relative to which it is deflected. The sample in the area between the clamp 2 and the area that is subjected to the batt, is subjected to twisting and then, by puncturing 30 it on the needles 5, is fixed from unwinding. After that, begin to deflect the sample at several points. Due to the nrogib, the free end of the sample begins to be combed. Depending on the flexibility and ability of the fiber or bast to be crushed, as well as the adhesion forces between the fibers, tension forces appear in front of the clamping point in the sample. Moreover, due to the constantly increasing deflection, they grow and, having reached the tensile strength of the specimen, 0, the specimen breaks.

At this moment, the sum of the grip angles H is determined by a sample of the objects with respect to which the deflection occurs.

This value is an estimate of the quality of the fiber or bast.

According to

H aP + bp -f with,

where H is the sum of the angles of girth (quality assessment);

P is an indicator of sample quality; a, b, c are empirical coefficients depending on the type of bast cultures, judging the quality of the analyzed fiber or bast.

The formation of a fiber or bast sample from the upper, middle and butt parts of the same mass allows a more accurate assessment of the quality, since it takes into account the change in the properties of the fiber or bast along its entire length.

Ej d

 1 J

where 2a is the sum of the girth angles (estimate

quality);

In - the sign of natural logarithms; A, B - coefficients taking into account the test conditions; breaking strength of the sample; flexural stiffness of the sample;

50

55

sample curvature when bending around objects with respect to which deflection occurs;

f (D, C) is the force arising from the stripping of the sample and depending on its divisibility and the adhesion forces of the fibers; C is the coefficient of friction of the sample about the objects, with respect to which deflection occurs.

This theoretical dependence follows from the well-known Euler formula, which takes into account the flexural rigidity of the thread.

If there is a relationship between the true quality indicator and the sum of the girth angles, which is the quality estimate, in the form of the equation H aP + bp + c, it is easier to recalculate (if necessary) H to P.

Example. To implement the proposed method, an installation was made, where the deflection of the specimen occurs relative to the plates with working edges rounded over a radius of 1.5 mm.

Installation parameters are as follows: length 3180 mm; width 420 mm; height 510 mm; number of edges (total) 60 schm; the number of edges simultaneously touching the sample, 12 pieces; edge depth at the beginning of installation (-2) clearance (mm) and at the end of installation (-f 12) mm.

GAR

lnl .- and (C, D) +

Ej d

 1 J

sum of girth angles (estimate

quality);

sign of natural logarithms; coefficients taking into account the test conditions; breaking strength of the sample; flexural stiffness of the sample;

f0 5 0

five

0

five

sample curvature when bending around objects with respect to which deflection occurs;

f (D, C) is the force arising from the stripping of the sample and depending on its divisibility and the adhesion forces of the fibers; C is the coefficient of friction of the sample about the objects, with respect to which deflection occurs.

This theoretical dependence follows from the well-known Euler formula, which takes into account the flexural rigidity of the thread.

If there is a relationship between the true quality indicator and the sum of the girth angles, which is the quality estimate, in the form of the equation H aP + bp + c, it is easier to recalculate (if necessary) H to P.

Example. To implement the proposed method, an installation was made, where the deflection of the specimen occurs relative to the plates with working edges rounded over a radius of 1.5 mm.

Installation parameters are as follows: length 3180 mm; width 420 mm; height 510 mm; number of edges (total) 60 schm; the number of edges simultaneously touching the sample, 12 pieces; edge depth at the beginning of installation (-2) clearance (mm) and at the end of installation (-f 12) mm.

Carding headsets with the following parameters: number of rows 2 pcs; needle density 20 pcs / cm; average needle diameter 0.3 mm; needle height 10 mm.

Stanton, lobe-like incompleteness is strong 223

Urine, there are unaffected lr d, soft to the touch

Mochentsovuyu, there is the inherently campfire, imperfect, rough to the touch

Each batch is divided into three handfuls. From the first handful form the top part of the fiber, from the second middle one, from the third butt. Each part has a mass of 1 g and a length of 50 cm. The analysis is repeated three times. Fiber samples are clamped into the clamp with the tip ends and subjected to testing. At a certain point in time, the samples are broken before the point of their clamping. For example, the sample of the first batch of fiber broke when the sum of the corners of the girth (the average of three replications) turned out to be 3.63 rad. Similarly, the remaining batches of fiber are tested. The results were as follows: the first batch: the sum of the corners is 3.63, fiber grade 5 (non-standard); second batch: the sum of the angles is 8.69, fiber grade 2; third of the party: the amount of angles 4.95, fiber grade 3.

The results obtained allow us to conclude that the proposed method allows us to estimate fiber quality with sufficient accuracy. In this case, the following interrelation between the sum of the angles of girth (quality assessment) H and the fiber grade (quality indicator) P is revealed:

H 1,027P2 8.8757P + 22.333.

The proposed method for assessing the quality of fiber or bast color crops reduces the test duration by no less than 2 times, reduces the complexity of the analysis, brings the test conditions closer to operational ones and improves the accuracy and objectivity of the results obtained.

Three batches of trefoil hemp (hemp fibers) were prepared, for which the main quality indicators and the grade are determined (table).

17.1 2.15

5 (non-standard)

129

23.6 40.5 1.2

212

40.4

25.5 1.2

0

Claims (2)

Invention Formula I. A method for assessing the quality of a blue-fiber material, which consists in forming a sample, clamping one end of it, freely hanging the end of the sample in the middle part bending relative to the plates at several points with constantly increasing deflection and displacement in the direction towards the free end of the sample and carry out an assessment of the quality of the material according to the mathematical dependence, including coefficients that take into account the physical properties of the material, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of the assessment of the analyzed Material, bending of the middle part of the sample with the plates is carried out until the sample breaks, the free end of the sample is subjected to battting, the corners are covered with the material of the plates at the time of rupture, and the quality assessment is performed by the sum of gap defined by addiction H aP -f lp + s, 0 where H - the sum of the angles of coverage of the material plates (quality assessment); P - material quality indicator; a, b, with empirical coefficients depending on the type of bast cultures. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sample is formed from the top, middle and butt parts of the material, and the clamp is carried out by the ends of the parts located on the side of the vertices. five