SU1401238A1 - Ice maker - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to refrigeration equipment and concerns the design of small ice machines producing cubic ice for trade enterprises, public catering, also used in transport, in laboratories, medical institutions. The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and improve the quality of ice. The tubular vessel 1 of the ice maker, on the inner surface of which ice is formed, is made up of two sections 2 and 3 separated by a heat insulating partition. The section 2 of the precooling is in contact with the evaporator 6 of the compression cooling mask, and the bottom section 3 of crystallization and defrost is provided with an additional m the evaporator 12 and the thermoelectric battery 11. As the ice freezes, a section of the ice core is pushed out of the vessel 1 by the force of water when the thermoelectric battery 11 is switched to the mode heating. Switching modes occurs automatically. 2 Il.

Description

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The invention relates to refrigeration equipment and concerns the design of small ice machines producing ice for trade enterprises, public catering, also used in transport, in laboratories, medical institutions.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and improve the quality of ice. /

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an ice maker in the “Cooling; in fig. 2 - the crystallization zone of the ice maker in the “Defrost.

The ice maker contains a vertically mounted tubular vessel 1 with an upper 2 and lower 3 portions, respectively, of pre-cooling and crystallization. The areas are separated by a heat insulating partition 4. Water is supplied to vessel 1 through a dispenser and a valve 5 constantly open. Outside the tubular vessel 1 is placed an evaporator 6, in section 2 directly in contact with the vessel 1. The evaporator 6 is in communication with the cold source in the form of compression of the cooling machine with a compressor 7, a condenser 8, a throttling valve 9 and a system for switching the direction of movement of the refrigerant with four solenoid valves 10. A thermoelectric battery 11 covering the bottom of the 3 Astok container 1, its other spa mi dopolnitelny.m contact with the evaporator 12, in series with the evaporator 6 into the hydraulic circuit of the chiller. The casing 13 of the ice maker is made of heat insulating them. The ice cutting mechanism 14 is made in the form of a nichrome wire moving frame associated with a wire of an electromagnet. Under the vessel 1 there is a spring-loaded inclined lattice descent 15 with a limit switch 16 and an ice collector 17 for ready-made pieces of ice 18.

Ice machine works as follows.

In the cooling mode, the flow of fresh water into the vessel 1 through the valve 5 is carried out in portions as the finished ice 18 leaves the vessel. The refrigeration machine operates continuously in both modes. The temperature of the upper section 2 is maintained at 2-3 ° C above 0 ° C, for which purpose it is advisable to use freons of brands R12B1 or R114 as refrigerants, depending on the conditions of heat exchange between the expander 6 and vessel 1.

In the cooling mode using valves 10, the liquid coolant is first passed through the evaporator 6 and then through the additional evaporator 12, where it is evaporated with some steam overheating while removing heat from the junctions of the thermoelectric battery 11 also operating in the cooling mode. Thus, in the upper section 2, the water column is pre-cooled from 12-20 to 2-3 ° C and no ice is formed on the inner walls of section 2. In the lower region 3, the temperature is about -30 ° C. Lowering the temperature by 30 ° C (up to 50-60 ° C) from the boiling point of the refrigerant provides a thermoelectric battery 11. In this area, an ice cylinder is formed, which is bounded above

layers of warmer water, and a bottom of the ice chord 18 formed in the previous cycle. About 90% of the volume of ice 18 is outside the pipe, while the entire water column rests on the inclined descent 15,

At the end of the crystallization of water in the lower section 3, when the ice-water phase boundary corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1, a control pulse is applied to an electro-magnetic drive (not shown) of the ice cutting mechanism 14, and a piece of ice 18 is cut off from the rest of the pole. Along the inclined descent 15, it crawls into the ice collector 17. Descent 15, freed from the pressure from above, rises and opens the limit switch 16, transmitting a signal to reverse the supply current of the thermoelectric

Battery Pack 11.

In the defrost mode, simultaneously with the transfer of the thermoelectric battery 11 into the heating mode of the lower portion 3 of the vessel 1, the valves 10 are switched and the direction of the refrigerant changes. Now, at first, it enters the additional evaporator 12, then into the evaporator 6. Such switching allows partially recovering the cold produced by the thermoelectric battery 11 in this mode and transferring it to the refrigerant, and eventually increases the cooling rate in the upper section 2. As soon as the vessel 1 in the lower part 3 heats up to positive temperatures, and a thin underbed of ice melts, due to hydrostatic pressure and water pressure, the newly formed ice cylinder (in fact, with the rest of the cylinder formed in the previous cycle) is pushed out of the vessel at 90% of its length, rests on an inclined descent 15, the limit switch 16 is closed again and the thermoelectric battery 11 switches to the "Cooling. At the same time, the valves 10 are switched. At the place of the ice, a new portion of water flows to the lower part 3, and the cycle repeats. Leakage of water from vessel 1 after the piece of ice leaves is minimal, which is explained by the small gap between ice and vessel 1 and a short period of time (not more than 10 s), for which the specified gap again freezes and thus the internal volume of vessel 1 and again sealed. Leaks are compensated by constant water pressure.

To operate the device, it is necessary that the distance between the point of contact of the ice cylinder with an inclined descent 15 and the bottom end of the vessel is 10-15% less than the length of the lower section 3, assuming that the ice is cut off directly at the end of the vessel 1.

The ice maker allows to obtain transparent cylindrical or cubic ice (in a square vessel) with greater frequency and without flipping ice forms. Since tubular ice machines usually contain a package of vessels (10-50 pieces, using the time shift when switching modes along their lines, ice can be obtained almost continuously. When cooling drinks in bars and cafes, where ice is consumed immediately, the storage stage indicated The advantage is very significant. The use of a combined compression-thermoelectric cooling system, taking into account cold regeneration, ensures a decrease in energy consumption during defrost by 20-30%; zhnosti dramatically reduce the overall vertical size of the ice maker and ice maker to create nebol- schoy productivity, which in turn

causes the expansion of its application areas.

Claims (1)

An ice generator comprising a casing, a vertically installed tubular vessel, a water dispenser for the interior of the latter, a compression chilling machine, the evaporator of which is located outside the tubular vessel, an ice-cutting mechanism, Q is an ice receiver with an inclined descent and a system for switching the direction of movement of the refrigerant, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy costs and improve the quality of ice, it is equipped with a reversible thermoelectric battery placed on the outer surface of the lower portion of the tubular vessel and an additional evaporator connected in series to the main evaporator. maschine and located in the casing outside thermoelectric thermopile, while the lower portion of the tubular vessel is separated from the upper heat partition wall, the ice cutting mechanism is made in the form of a moving wire frame, and the inclined descent is spring-loaded and equipped with end 5 with a switch for transmitting a signal for reversing the power supply current of a thermoelectric battery. 0 eleven