SU1389837A1 - Gas-liquid chemical reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to chemical technology apparatuses, can be used in chemical, petrochemical, hydrolysis and other industries to conduct gas-liquid chemical reactions accompanied by thermal effect and proceeding at relatively low flow rates of the gas phase, and allows to intensify the process due to an increase in the degree of absorption in it gas. The reactor contains tubes, in the lower ends of which, along their axis, special inserts are installed, each of which is a rotational body consisting of two cones with oppositely directed vertices and equal bases connected by a cylindrical section, the cross-sectional area of which is 0.9 - 0.95 cross-sectional area of the bubbling tube, the cylindrical section of the insert is located at the level of the gas inlet openings and has a height equal to 4-5 of their diameters; the angles at the tops of the lower and upper cones are equal to continuously 40-60 and 10-20 °. 1 il. cl

Description

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The invention relates to the field of processes and apparatuses of chemical technology and can be used in chemical, petrochemical, hydrolysis and other industries for carrying out gas-liquid chemical reactions accompanied by a significant thermal effect, its application is most expedient in processes proceeding at low gas phase costs, where the gas is a valuable reagent and should be used almost completely in the reaction.

The aim of the invention is to intensify the process by increasing the degree of gas absorption in the reactor.

The drawing shows a gas-liquid chemical reactor.

The device consists of a vertical cylindrical body 1, the lower cap 2 and an increased height of the upper cover 3, where the unreacted gas is separated from the liquid. In the tube sheets 4, bubbled tubes 5 are fixed. Their elongated ends are brought under the bottom tube sheet and have holes 6 in the walls located at the same level. Opposite the holes in the bubbling tubes, special inserts 7 are installed, which are rotation bodies consisting of two cones with opposite vertices and equal bases, connected by a cylindrical part, the cross-sectional area of which is 0.9-0.95 of the bubbling tube section . The cylindrical part of the insert is located at the level of the gas inlet openings and has a height equal to 4-5 of their diameters. The angles at the tops of the lower and upper ends are respectively 40-60 and 10-20 °. The device is equipped with a remote circulation pipe 8, a pump 9, fittings 10-15 for the input and output of the reacting phases and the coolant.

The reactor operates as follows.

The liquid is pumped into the apparatus through the nozzle 10 by means of the pump 9 and, filling the tube space, is drained through the nozzle 11. When gas is supplied to the reactor via the nozzle 12, a gas layer is formed under the lower tube sheet until the bore hole opens. at the lower ends of the pipes 5, and the gas does not rush into the bubbling pipes. The upward flow of fluid created in the bubbling tubes by the pump in the region of the gas distribution holes 6 is first subjected to a sharp narrowing by the inserts 7, and then to smooth expansion. When passing near gas distribution holes, the flow of liquid

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BONES has maximum speed. As a result, a region of reduced pressure is formed in the gap between the wall of the bubbling tube with the holes and the insert; gas is injected into the gap and finely crushed by a fluid flow. In the gap and at the exit from it a finely dispersed gas-liquid mixture with a developed surface of phase contact is formed. This contributes to the intensification of the process of transferring the reagent from gas to liquid. The smooth expansion of the gas-liquid mixture flow, provided by the conical shape of the upper part of the insert, prevents coalescence of small gas bubbles into large ones. Rising in the bubbling tubes, small bubbles quickly dissolve in the liquid, which contributes to the most complete use of the gas in the reaction. The undissolved gas is separated from the liquid in the space above the top tube sheet, which acts as a separator, and is discharged from the apparatus through fitting 13. Fluid through fitting 11 through the external circulation pipe 8 is returned to the reactor using a pump 9. To remove or supply heat A coolant may be fed into the tube annulus, which is introduced into the reactor and withdrawn from it, respectively, through valves 14 and 15.

Compared with the known apparatus, the proposed method allows to increase the coefficient of mass transfer from gas to liquid and the degree of use of the gaseous reactant by 1.3-1.4 times.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Gas-liquid chemical reactor, including a cylindrical body with lids, a circulation pipe, a pump, fittings for input and output of phases and coolant, tube plates with spout tubes installed in them, the lower ends of which have openings for gas inlet and are placed under the bottom tube sheet , characterized in that, in order to intensify the process by increasing the degree of gas absorption, the bubbling tubes are provided with inserts installed in their lower part, made in the form of two cones facing each other about new and connected by means of a cylindrical section, the cross-sectional area of which is 0.9-0.95 of the cross section of the bubbling tube, while the cylindrical section of the insert is located at the level of the gas inlet holes and has a height equal to 4-5 of their diameters, angles at the tops of the lower and upper cones are respectively 40-60 and 10-20. ° ten