SU1381409A1 - Apparatus for determining direction and flow speed of underground water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to hydrogeology, engineering geology, hydraulic engineering and land reclamation and can be used to increase the reliability of research on hydrogeological parameters. The inventive element is to increase the reliability of the device for determining the direction and speed of groundwater movement. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a known device containing a multicore cable connected to its nt end there is a measuring chamber filled with electrolyte and equipped with an insulating disc with perforated} 1 cylinder} 1 dripping ring and fitted with central and uniformly spaced radial electrodes , connected to the killes of a stranded cable, and spring-loaded sealing mats of insulating material with a latch forcing down the weight, loosely strung on the cable, as well as The orientation and fixation device and control devices connected to the upper end of the specified cable, the orientation and fixation device is located inside the measuring device and is made in the form of a free magnetic needle, on the north end of which a shield of insulating material is fixed, having a width equal to the distance between edges of two adjacent radial electrodes. Due to the fact that the free magnetic arrow is oriented in the direction of the magnetic meridian, the shield of insulating material covers one of the radial electrodes, sharply increasing the resistance between it and the central electrode, which means measuring the position of the measuring chamber relative to magnetic meridian. Placing the device for orientation and fixation inside the measuring chamber eliminates the effect of cable twisting on the measurement results. 2 Il. O5 00

Description

And: (the implication refers to the hydrogeologist pi, H OKenepF OM geology and amelioration and can be used for nopi-iMienHH nhhd (well (research of hydrogeological parameters.) C-111) is the reliability of the device for determining the directions and speeds of movement are under.

In Fig.1, it is a device, on phi1 .. - LL in Fig ..

UstpO contains a multi-core (.nm logging cable 1 and measuring chamber 2 attached to its lower end), cocTOHiuyvi and and: a III disk 3 with a superforioannmi cylindrical ring A and krppki 3, also from iolio} 1 material.). I will find the -) wall of the ring of the WMO) 1tirovany through equal closures of the radial electrodes I l 6, having the form of narrow rods, sawn in diameter and grinded, flush with the inner surface of the cylindrical coltg. A tubular central electrode 7 is fastened on the thread in the center of the disk; the cable is pressed into the upper part of it. The cable conductors are free from steel wires, propuy (en within the central electrode and connected to each radially electrode). One of the wires is connected to the central electrode. The lid is sealed with the disk by a rubber gasket 8 and pressed against the disk when noMopyi locks And ) The spring 9 is in this state in a compressed state. Both the spring and the latch are made of non-magnet} of the first alloy. Rubber Ring 11 seals the connection between the cylindrical and central electrode and the cap. Two filler plugs 12 are mounted into the cover, and a knockdown weight 13 is loosely strung onto the cable. Inside the measuring chamber a magnetic needle 14 is placed with the possibility of free rotation about the longitudinal axis

Devices on the 15 slip pad. At the north end of the magnetic needle, ime11 (it has a rod-shaped form, screen 16 is fixed of insulating material, having an width equal to the distance between the remote edges of two adjacent radial electrodes. At the south terminal of the magnetic arrow is set to gk and ptntntspvn counterweight 17

0 5 0 5 0 5

0

with

The bottom tip 1B with a hole, and 1 securing the load is screwed onto the disk from the bottom. The arrow and counterweight are coated with a non-soluble insulating varnish, for example | EP, based on epoxy resin. The free space of the measuring chamber is filled with electrolyte, for example, a solution of sodium chloride.

The device works as follows.

Prior to measurement, radial electrodes are numbered (in arbitrary order), and then using a tester or ohmmeter, it is determined which of the electrodes each core at the upper end of the cable is connected to and gives them the same numbering as the electrodes.

Before descending into the well on the disk 3, the lid 5 is fastened with elastic latches K). Both filler plugs 12 are unscrewed and electrolyte is poured into the measuring chamber through an opening under one of them, and air flows out of the other chamber. Then both plugs are screwed into their sockets. The density of the electrolyte should be 5-10% higher than the density of water.

Do not lower the device into the well, illuminate it on the cable so that the cable is located vertically, and disk 3 is in the horizontal plane. The device is serviced by alternately connecting a control device (this could be a tester, a measuring bridge or any of the electrostatic meters) between the output from the central electrode and the cores corresponding to each of the radial electrodes. In this case, approximately the same resistance should be fixed between the central and all radial electrodes, except for the one opposite the north end of the magnetic needle. Due to the fact that this electrode is closed by a screen of insulating material, the resistance between it and the central electrode becomes deducting than between the central and the other radial electrodes. The device is lowered into the well and installed opposite the aquifer, the location of which is determined by one of the known geophysical methods. Lowering the device to the required depth, withstand the necessary time for the hatching screen and calm down the collecting wheel 13 on it, freeing the weight of the lens with a slipper of the lens along the cable, knocking down the weight 10, squeezing the spring 9 It unscrews and lifts the crinker 1ku 5 up to the stop of the latches 10 into the upper surface of the cover 5, opening groundwater access to the electrolyte in the measuring chamber 2 through the perforations in the cylindrical ring 4. The groundwater gradually moves the electrolyte out of the measuring water th camera, taking him in the direction of the CBOI - his movement.

The resistance between the output from the central electrode and the cable cores coming from each of the radial electrodes is measured. The direction of electrolyte transfer, i.e. the direction of flow, and the greatest resistance is the position of the north end of the magnetic needle. By knowing the angular distance between the radial electrodes, the magnetic azimuth of the groundwater flow is determined as the angle between the radial electrodes with a maximum and minimum of 1m of resistance.

If the north end of the magnetic needle is located midway between the two radial electrodes, this causes an increase in resistance for both electrodes at once. Since the width of the screen of an insulating material is specially chosen to be equal to the distance between the remote (opposite) edges of two adjacent electrodes, it will close two radial electrodes at once. However, in this case, the increase in resistance will be smaller than when one electrode overlaps.

It is also possible a special case when the direction of the north end of the magnetic needle coincides with the direction

Q and

20 25 o

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five

five

By a light stream, in this case a localized local power supply (or two electrodes) will be fixed with a maximum of resistance against the background of less than r-splint and wider (3-4 electrodes) minimum of resistances.

The groundwater velocity is judged by decreasing electrolyte concentration; in a measuring KaMept over time, the resistance measurements between the central electrode and the radial one located in the direction of the groundwater flow are repeated with different exposures.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for determining the direction and speed of groundwater movement, containing a measuring chamber filled with electrolyte and equipped with a 11zol tion1p disk with a perforated center (1L1P (drip ring and 13 centrally mounted central and evenly spaced) radial electrodes and a spring-loaded sealing cap made of insulated g an ionic material with a latch, a stranded cable with a loosely knocking load on it, connected to the radial electrodes with its lower end, and also an orientation block and fixings and control devices connected to the upper Koiniy cable, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the device, the orientation and fixation unit is made in the form of a free magnetic needle, on the north end of which a shield of insulating material is fixed, having a width equal to between the remote edges of two adjacent radial electrodes, and is located inside the measuring chamber. fe FIG. J . 20 A- / 1 FIG. 2