SU1368908A1 - Training imitator for lathe operator - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to simulators for teaching machine tool control skills. The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator. The conditions of training on the simulator correspond to the actual working conditions on the lathe, since The influence of dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the tool and deformation of the technological system, machine tool, tool, detail on the accuracy of machining is studied. The inputs of the machine deformation modeling unit, the cutter and the workpiece are connected to the time sensor, the student’s reaction detection unit and the tool body simulation unit, and the output is connected to the integration unit used to determine the actual cutting parameters, another input connected to the cutting parameters determining unit, and the output is with an error detection unit. The simulator also contains a block of manual controls, a block of sensors, a block of motion speed modeling, a block of summation, a block for simulating external influences, a functional transducer, a block for presenting educational information, a time sensor, a block for setting settings, a shaper of advisory information signals, a counter 13, a block for modeling electric drive. 2 Il. (L co a 00 co

Description

The invention relates to training frames for training in the use of a work tool and can be used to teach skills in controlling a metal cutting machine.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator.

Figure 1 shows the structural

In this case, the carriage movement handles 22 and the carriage movement handle 23 must be received by the appropriate controls used on the lathe.

Unit 2 contains a friction clutch activation sensor 24, a spindle speed setting sensor 25.

simulator circuit; in fig. 2-unit model — U. Movement sensor 26 rotation sensor

and handle rotation sensor 27

reformation of the machine, cutting and blanks.

The tokar simulator contains a series of manual control units 1, a sensor block 2 (hand organs), a work device motion simulation block 3, a motion speed simulation block A, a summation block 5, an external stimulation simulator 6, a functional converter 7, an error detection block 8 , block 9 of presentation of training information, time sensor 10, block of setting settings 11, shaper 12 signals of advisory information, counter 13, block 14 of determining the set cutting parameters, block 15 of definiteness reactions learner modeling unit 16 drive unit 17 Rovani deformations of machine tool and the workpiece, unit 18 for determining the actual cutting parameters.

Block 1 contains a push button station

carriages

Slide movement.

The sensor 24 generates a signal indicating that the spindles are connected to the speed cage.

The sensor 25 is designed to convert the signal coming from the handle 21 into a signal proportional to the position of the setting knob for 20 hours of rotation of the spindle.

The sensor 26 is intended to convert the signal from the handle 22 into a signal proportional to the angle of rotation of the handle 25 of the carriage displacement 25.

The sensor 27 is designed to convert the signal coming from the knob 23 into a signal proportional to the angle of rotation of the knob 30– 30.

Sensors 24 - 27 can be implemented using potentiometric transducers, kinematically connected with the corresponding organ.

In this case, the carriage movement handles 22 and the carriage movement handle 23 must be received by the appropriate controls used on the lathe.

Unit 2 contains a friction clutch activation sensor 24, a spindle speed setting sensor 25.

and handle rotation sensor 27

carriages

Slide movement.

The sensor 24 generates a signal indicating that the spindle is connected to the speed box.

The sensor 25 is designed to convert the signal from the handle 21 into a signal proportional to the position of the spindle speed setting knob.

The sensor 26 is designed to convert the signal from the handle 22 into a signal proportional to the angle of rotation of the carriage movement knob.

The sensor 27 is designed to convert the signal coming from the knob 23 into a signal proportional to the angle of rotation of the shift knob.

Sensors 24 - 27 can be implemented using potentiometric transducers, kinematically connected with the corresponding organ

I9 turn on and off the electric-35 manual feed.

the main drive shaft, the handle 20 of the knob 3 consists of a model-friction clutch assembly 28, a spindle speed setting knob 21, a carriage movement knob movement knob 22 and a slide carriage 29.

The node 28, by a signal received from the output of the sensor 26, proportional to the angle of rotation of the carriage movement handle, generates a signal proportional to the movement of the carriage, i.e. 45 longitudinal movement of the tool.

key handle 23 of the slide movement.

A button station I9 for switching on and off the main drive motor serves to simulate turning on and off the machine main drive motor.

The handle 20 serves to simulate the inclusion of a machine friction clutch; handle 21 — to simulate the setting of the spindle speed; handle 22 to simulate the movement of the carriage, handle 23 to simulate the movement of the slide.

According to the psychological and pedagogical requirements, we present to the simulators, as a push-button station 19 for switching on and off the main drive electric motor, a friction clutch control handle 20, a spin-frequency setting speed control knob 21

0

the movement of the carriage and the node 29 modeling the movement of the slide.

The node 28, by a signal received from the output of the sensor 26, proportional to the angle of rotation of the carriage movement handle, generates a signal proportional to the movement of the carriage, i.e. 5 longitudinal movement of the tool.

The node 29, by a signal from the output of the sensor 27, proportional to the angle of rotation of the slide movement handle, generates a signal proportional to the movement of the slide, i.e. transverse movement of the tool.

Nodes 28 and 29 can be implemented using devices for reproducing backlash characteristics.

Block 11 consists of memory elements 30 to 33 and a unit 34 for the profile of the workpiece. Elements 30 - 33 are designed to instruct industrial training instructors in5

31368908

formations on the rational processing mode and properties of the workpiece and the preservation of this information during the execution of the irradiated plant.

Element 30 is intended for storing the material hardness set by the instructor, element 31 for storing the spindle rotation frequency specified by the instructor, element 32 for storing the feed value specified by the instructor, and element 33 for storing the depth of cut specified by the instructor.

Elements 30 to 33 can be implemented using potentiometric transducers that convert non-electric input quantities (material hardness, chip rate, feed and depth of cut) into electrical resistances.

The setting unit 34, on signals, arrives at Block 15, consists of a determinant of the longitudinal component of the cutting force and the determinant 40 of the transverse component of the cutting force.

The determinant 39, according to the signal input from the output of node 37 proportional to the speed of the carriage movement, the signal input to the output from block 18, proportional to the depth of cut, the signal input from element 30 proportional to the specified value of material hardness, a balance proportional to the force applied by the learners to the handle 22 to overcome the longitudinal component of the cutting force.

The determinant 40 is based on a signal input from the output of node 38, proportional to the speed of movement of the slide, a signal input to the output from block 18, proportional to the depth of cut, a signal.

unit 3, proportional to 25 input to the input from element 30,

longitudinal and transverse movements of the cutter, it generates signals corresponding to the profile of machining the part.

The setting device 34 can be implemented using a sweep generator 35 and a functional converter 36. A linear voltage generator can be used as the generator 35. As transducer 36, a non-linear functional transducer reproducing a predetermined non-linear profile pattern of the figure may be adopted.

The unit 4 consists of a carriage velocity modeling unit 37 and a carrier speed simulation unit 38.

The node 37, by a signal coming from the output of the node 28, proportional to the movement of the carriage, generates a signal proportional to the speed of movement of the carriage, i.e. feed rate.

The node 38, by a signal from the output of the node 29, proportional to the movement of the slide, generates a signal proportional to the speed of movement of the slide, i.e. the depth of cut.

Nodes 37 and 38 can be implemented using a DC differentiator.

The block 15 consists of the determinant 39 of the longitudinal component of the cutting force and the determiner 40 of the transverse component of the cutting force.

The determinant 39, according to the signal input from the output of the node 37, proportional to the speed of movement of the carriage, the signal input to the output from block 18, proportional to the depth of cut, the signal to the input from element 30, proportional to the specified value of the material hardness, generates a signal proportional to the force applied by the learners to the handle 22 to overcome the longitudinal component of the cutting force.

A determiner 40 based on a signal input from the output of node 38, proportional to the speed of movement of the slide, a signal input to the output from block 18, proportional to the depth of cut, signal.

coming in from element 30,

0

five

proportional to the specified material hardness value, produces a signal proportional to the force applied by the student to the handle 23 to overcome the transverse component of the cutting force.

The determinants 39 and 40 can be implemented using a summing amplifier.

Block 5 consists of adder 41 and adder 42.

The adder 41, by the signal from the output of the node 37, is proportional to the speed of movement of the carriage, and the signal from the output of the detector 39, is proportional to the force applied by the student to the carriage handle to overcome the longitudinal component of the cutting force, generates a signal proportional to the force applied to the handle 22.

0

The adder 42, by a signal coming from the output of node 38, proportional to the speed of movement, and a signal from the output of detector 40, proportional to the force applied by the trainer to handle 23 to overcome the transverse component of the cutting force, produces a signal proportional to the force applied learning to handle 23.

Al and 42 combiners can be implemented using a summing amplifier.

Unit 6 consists of a carriage imitation resistance node A3 and a carriage imitation resistance node 44.

The node 43, by a signal from the output of the adder 41, proportional to the force applied by the students to the handle 22, changes the amount of force applied by the students to the handle 22 when processing the workpiece.

The node 44, according to a signal from the output of the adder 42, proportional to the force applied by the learners to the handle 23, changes the amount of effort applied by the learners to the handle 23 when processing the workpiece.

Nodes 43 and 44 can be implemented using electromagnet clutches. The driven shafts of these electromagnetic clutches are kinematically connected to the corresponding manual feed unit, and the drive shafts of the clutches to prevent rotation are rigidly fixed to the body of the simulator.

The functional transducer 7, consists of functional transducers 45 - 47 and a comparison node 48. The function transducer 45 determines the calculated value of the speed of movement of the cutter according to the signal coming from the output of the node 28 proportional to the longitudinal movement of the tool.

The functional transducer 46 determines the calculated longitudinal displacement of the cutter by a signal from the output of the node 29 proportional to the transverse movement of the cutter. The functional transducer 47 from the signal from the output of the node 28, which is proportional to the longitudinal movement of the pick, determines the calculated transverse displacement of the tool.

Functional converters 45-47, can be implemented using a non-linear functional converter. . I

The node 48 is designed to compare the signal from the output of the node 29, proportional to the longitudinal movement of the tool, with the signal from the output of the functional converter 46, proportional to the calculated value of the longitudinal movement of the tool. In case of deviation of the longitudinal movement of the tool from the calculated value of its longitudinal movement, the node 48 generates a signal

violation of control accuracy.

As node 48, a device for comparing absolute stress values may be adopted.

Block 16 consists of a velocity box modeling node 49, a shpindel rotation modeling node 50, and a speed switching detection unit 51.

Node 49 reproduces processes similar to the signal received at its input from the output of sensor 25, which is proportional to the movement of the spindle speed setting knob.

processes in the real speed box. Therefore, the signal at the output of the node 49 corresponds to the selected frequency of rotation of the pinch.

As node 49 may be attached-.

n t summing amplifier.

Node 50 according to the signal arriving at its one input from the pin of node 49, proportional to the selected frequency of the spindle rotation, the signal arriving at its other input, from the output of the sensor 24, proportional to the movement of the friction clutch control handle, and the signal arriving at its input push-button station 19

turning off the main drive electric motor, corresponding to the moment of switching on and off of the electric motor, reproduces processes similar to acceleration processes,

steady rotation and braking of the shpindl. Therefore, the signal at the output of the node 50 corresponds to the frequency of rotation of the spindle.

Node 51 on the signal coming

at its input from the output of sensor 25,

in proportion to the movement of the rotational speed knob, generates a signal at its output at the time of switching speeds,

indicating the fact of the switch.

Node 51 can be implemented on the basis of a capacitor time relay using a relay amplifier with transistors.

Block 14 consists of a nonlinear element 52 and adder 53.

The nonlinear element 52, according to the signal coming from the output of the node 28, proportional to the longitudinal movement of the cutter, forms, in accordance with a given profile of the workpiece, a signal proportional to the position of the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

Nonlinear element 52 may be implemented using a non-linear functional converter.

The adder 53, the signal arriving at its one input from the output of the nonlinear element 52, proportional to the position of the surface of the workpiece being processed, subtracts from the signal arriving at its other input from the output of the node 29 proportional to the transverse movement of the cutter, in accordance with the difference obtained, forms at its output proportional to the established cutting parameters. The adder 53, can be I implemented using a summing amplifier.

Block 8 consists of a threshold element 54, the outputs of which are connected to the outputs of the keys 55 and 56. The input of the key 55 is connected to the output of the arithmetic node 57 and one input of the threshold element 54. The input of the key 56 is connected to the output of the arithmetic node 58 and the other input of the threshold element 54. The inputs of the keys 55 and 56 are connected to the output of the inverter 59. Some inputs of the arithmetic nodes 57 and 58 are connected to the first output of the functional converter 7, and the other inputs to the output of block 3. The arithmetic nodes 57 and 58 determine the absolute value and the sign of the deviation The incisors of the tool from the surface of the workpiece and through the corresponding keys 55 and 56 transfer this value to the input of block 9.

Comparison node 60, the signal proportional to the workpiece on the machine, according to the signals, nationally to the spindle rotation frequency and arriving at its input from the output of the node 50, compares with the signal proportional to the specified value of the spindle rotation frequency and entering the input of the node 60 from the output of element 31 and in case of their inconsistencies, a corresponding signal is output at its output.

55

Steps to other inputs from the outputs of block 15, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse components of the cutting force, according to the signals received at the third inputs from the outputs of block 3, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse movement of the tool, generates a signal proportional to the deformations of the machine, tool and workpiece .

3689088

Comparison node 61, which is proportional to the depth of cut and arrives at its input from the output of block 18, compares it with a signal proportional to the specified value of the depth of cut and arrives at its input from the output of element 33, and if they do not match, it produces a corresponding signal at its output.

Comparison node 62, a signal proportional to the feed and arriving at its input from the output of node 37, compares with a signal proportional to 15 given value of the feed and arriving at its input from the output of element 32, if they do not match, generate; The corresponding signal at its output.

20 Key 63, at the same time the occurrence of a signal proportional to the frequency of rotation of the spindle, and a signal indicating the fact of switching, arriving at its input from the outputs of node 50 and node 51, generates a signal about the error in switching speeds allowed by the trainers.

Keys 64-66 by a signal proportional to a predetermined depth value

30 and the input to their inputs, from the output of element 33, and the signal arriving at their inputs from nodes 60 to 62, respectively, generate signals about the deviation of the actual values, respectively, of the spindle rotation frequency, depth of cut, and feed from their specified values.

Inverter 59 generates a signal controlling the keys 55 and 56 by a signal proportional to the specified value of the depth of cut and arriving at its input from the output of element 33. If there is voltage at the output of element 45 33, the keys 55 and 56 are closed and in the absence of - open.

Block 17 according to the signal coming to one input from sensor 10, proportional to the duration of processing

five

Steps to other inputs from the outputs of block 15, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse components of the cutting force, according to the signals received at the third inputs from the outputs of block 3, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse movement of the tool, generates a signal proportional to the deformations of the machine, tool and workpiece .

Fig, 2 shows one of the possible structural diagrams of block 17.

Block 17 consists of nonlinear elements 67–69, whose inputs are connected to sensor 10, and outputs with control inputs of adders 70–72, respectively, whose outputs are connected to input of block 18, and the second inputs through nonlinear elements 73–75 and 76 - 78, respectively, with the output of block 15, and the third inputs of the adder 72 are connected via nonlinear elements 79 and 80 with the output of block 3.

The nonlinear element 67 generates a signal, proportional to the deformation of the machine caused by the heating of the machine, by a signal coming from the output of the sensor 10 proportional to the processing time of the workpiece on the machine.

The nonlinear elements 73 and 74, according to the signals coming from the outputs of block 15, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse, respectively, components of the cutting force, generate signals proportional to the deformations of the machine, resulting from the longitudinal and transverse, respectively, components of the cutting force.

The adder 70, according to the signals from the outputs of nonlinear elements 73, 74, 67, proportional to the deformations of the machine, arising under the action of the longitudinal component of the cutting force, under the action of the transverse component of the cutting force, under the action of heating the machine, respectively, generates a signal proportional to the deformations of the machine arising under the action of 40 longitudinal and transverse movements

the effect of heating the machine and the power cut.

The nonlinear element 68 generates a signal proportional to the dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the tool and the deformation of the tool under the action of the tool cutting, according to a signal coming from the output of sensor 10, proportional to the length o6paj6oTKH of the workpiece on the machine.

one

The nonlinear elements 75, 76 according to the signals coming from the outputs of the block - 15, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse components of the cutting force, FO1 1, signals proportional to the deformations of the cutter that occur under the action of the longitudinal and transverse components of the cutting forces.

The adder 71 on signals from the outputs of nonlinear elements 68, 75, 76, proportional to the dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the cutter and the cutter deformations under the action of heating the cutter, the cutter deformations that occur under the action of the longitudinal component of the cutting force, the cutter deformations that occur under the action the transverse component of the cutting force, respectively, generates a signal proportional to the cutter deformations that occur under the action of the heating of the cutter and the cutting force, and dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the cutter.

The nonlinear element 69 according to the signal, postzatyayuschim from the output of the sensor 10, proportional to the processing time of the workpiece on the machine, generates a signal. The proportional deformations of the workpiece arise under the action of heating the workpiece during processing on the machine.

The nonlinear elements 77 and 78, according to the signal coming from the outputs of block 15, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse, respectively, components of the cutting force, form signals proportional to the deformations of the workpiece due to the action of the longitudinal and transverse components of the cutting force.

The nonlinear elements 79 and 80 according to the signals coming from the outputs of block 3, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse movements of the cutter, form signals that are proportional to the deformations of the workpiece that occur when

cutter.

Adder 72 on signal; incoming from the nonlinear element 69, proportional to the deformations of the workpiece,

45 arising under the action of heating the workpiece during its processing on the machine, according to signals coming from non-linear elements 77 and 78, proportional to the deformations of the workpiece, arising under the action of the longitudinal and transverse components of the cutting force, according to signals coming from nonlinear elements 79 and 80 proportional to the deformations of the workpiece at given longitudinal and transverse, respectively, displacements of the tool, generates a signal proportional to the deformations of the workpiece arising from the heating of the workpiece and the cutting force .

eleven

Nonlinear elements 67.68 „69,73, 74,75,76,77,78,79,80 can be implemented using a non-linear converter.

Adders 70,71,72 can be implemented using a decision amplifier that performs the mathematical operation of integrating several variables.

Block 18, by a signal coming from block I7, proportional to the deformations of the machine, cutter and workpiece, by a signal coming from the output of adder 53, proportional to the set cutting parameters, generates a signal proportional to the actual cutting parameters.

Block 18 can be implemented using a decision amplifier that performs the mathematical operation of integrating several variables.

The simulator works as follows.

Let it be necessary to work out on the simulator the skill of controlling the feeds of the machine when processing a one-sided cone fixed by its base in the cartridge of the machine. The cone has the following parameters: the height of the cone is 400 mm. The largest and smallest diameters are respectively 78 and 68 mm, and the surface roughness is not more than 2.5. The workpiece is an exact casting, having the shape of a cone, the material is carbon steel.

This data is communicated by the instructor to the student, who must determine for himself and provide a rational cutting mode, which corresponds to a depth of cut equal to 1.0 mm feed, equal to 0.2 mm / rev, frequency. rotation shpindsl equal to 630 rpm

The task of the student is as follows: to determine the rational cutting mode; set the gearbox shift knobs to the position corresponding to 630 rpm of the spindle; set the specified cutting depth 1, О mm at one end of the workpiece; to carry out the process of tapering by the method of two feeds, introducing a longitudinal feed of no more than 0.2 mm / rev and ensuring a constant depth of cut equal to 1 mm taking into account the deformation of the technological system machine-tool-tool-part.

68908 12

When the device is turned on, the screen of the cathode ray tube included in block 9 forms a g image of the profile of the workpiece to be processed and a bright spot whose position corresponds to the position of the tool tip relative to the profile of the workpiece.

10 To control the learner in performing the rational cutting mode, the instructor, acting through block 11, sets the knobs of potentiometers of elements 30 to 33 in a position 15 proportional to the specified values of material hardness, chip rate, feed rate and depth of cut, respectively.

With the help of the handle 21, the learner 0 simulates the setting of the spindle rotation frequency chosen by him. At the same time, a signal proportional to the position of the knob 21 of setting the frequency of the spindle rotation, from the output of the sensor 25, enters the input of the node 49, where it is converted into a voltage whose value is proportional to the selected spindle rotation frequency.

Then, using station I9, the student imitates the switching on of the main drive electric motor. After switching on the handle 20 from the output of the sensor 24, a signal is received to the input of the node 50, indicating the connection of the pinch 5 to the gearbox.

In this case, node 50, using a signal arriving at its input from the output of node 49, proportional to the selected spindle rotation frequency, the signal from the output of sensor 24, indicating that the spindle is connected to the speed box, and the signal from station 19, corresponding to the activation of the electric motor 5 of the main drive, generates at its output a signal proportional to the frequency of rotation of the spindle.

with

The node 51, at a signal Q coming from the output of the sensor 25, proportional to the movement of the handle 21, generates a signal at its output at the moment of switching speeds indicating the fact of switching, I will affect the knobs 22 and 23, which, after approaching the cutter to the top of the cone, controls depth of cut and feed, moving the cutter towards the base of the cone.

1313

When this node 28 on the signal from the output of the sensor 26, is proportional to the angle of rotation of the handle 22 generates a signal proportional to the longitudinal movement of the tool.

Node 29 signal, coming from the output of the sensor 27, proportional to the angle of rotation of the handle 23, generates a signal proportional to the transverse movement of the tool.

The setting device 34, by signals from the output of block 3, is proportional to the longitudinal and transverse movement of the tool, produces signals corresponding to the profile of machining the part.

Block 9 according to the signals from the output of the setting device 34, generates an image of the profile of the workpiece.

Block 9, using signals from the output of block 3, which is proportional to the longitudinal and transverse movements of the cutter, forms an image of a bright spot whose position corresponds to the position of the tip of the cutter relative to the profile of the part to be processed.

The nonlinear element 62, according to the signal coming from the output of the node 28, proportional to the longitudinal displacement of the cutter, forms, in accordance with a given profile of the workpiece at its output, a signal proportional to the position of the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

The adder 53, the signal from the output of the nonlinear element 52, proportional to the position of the surface of the workpiece to be processed, subtracts from the signal from the output of the node 29 proportional to the transverse movement of the cutter, in accordance with the difference, generates a signal at its output that is proportional to the learning parameters of the cutting.

The functional transducer 45, which is part of the functional transducer 7, from the signal coming from the output of the node 2, which is proportional to the longitudinal movement of the tool, determines the calculated value of the speed of movement of the tool.

The functional transducer 46 determines the calculation of the signal from the output of the node 29, proportional to the transverse movement of the cutter.

five

0

the value of the longitudinal movement of the tool.

The function transducer 47 determines, based on a signal from the output of the node 28 proportional to the longitudinal movement of the tool, the calculated value of the transverse movement of the tool.

Node 48, the signal from the output of node 28, proportional to the longitudinal movement of the cutter, is compared with the signal from the output of the functional transducer 46, proportional to the calculated value of the longitudinal movement of the cutter, and in case of deviation of the longitudinal movement of the cutter from its estimated value, it fails to execute the Accuracy violation signal control which is recorded by the counter 13.

The node 37, by a signal coming from the output of the node 28, proportional to the movement of the carriage, generates a signal 5 proportional to the speed of movement of the carriage.

The node 38, by a signal from the output of the node 28, proportional to the movement of the slide, generates a signal proportional to the speed of movement of the slide.

The shaper 12, according to the signal from the output of the functional converter 45, is proportional to the calculated value of the speed of movement of the cutter, the signal from the output of node 37, is proportional to the speed of movement of the carriage, 0 to the signal from the output of node 38, 0 proportional to the speed of movement of the slide, to eliminate incorrect controls the student’s effects on pens 22 and 23, i.e. in order to prevent a violation of control accuracy 5, the learner generates a signal about the need for the learner to correct his control actions, which is fed to the input of block 9.

0

five

50

The determinant 39 according to the signal coming from the output of the node 37, proportional to the speed of movement of the carriage, the signal coming from the output of block 18, proportional to the depth gg of cutting, the signal coming from element 30, proportional to the specified hardness value of the material, produces a signal proportional to the force applied by the student to

151368908

handle 22 to overcome the longitudinal component of the cutting force.

The determinant 40 according to the signal coming from the output of node 38, proportional to the speed of movement of the slide, to the signal coming from the output of block 18, proportional to the depth of cut, to the signal coming from

Ment 30, proportional to the specified 10 cutting power, generates a signal.

the value of the hardness of the material, generates a signal proportional to the force applied by the student to the handle 23 to overcome the transverse component of the cutting force.

The adder 41, by a signal coming from the output of the node 37, proportional to the speed of movement of the carriage, and a signal from the output of the detector 39, proportional to the force applied by the trainer to the handle 22 to overcome the longitudinal component of the cutting force, produces a signal proportional to the force applied learn to handle 22.

The adder 42, according to the signal from the output of node 38, is proportional to the speed of movement of the slide, and the signal from the output of the detector 40, is proportional to the increased wear of the cutting edge of the cutter and

The LIA applied by the student to the handle 23 to overcome the transverse component of the cutting force generates a signal proportional to the force applied by the student to the handle 23. The node 43 changes the value of the signal from the output of the adder 41 proportional to the force applied by the student 22 to the handle 22. the effort applied by the trainee to the handle 22 when processing the workpiece.

Simulation node 44, according to a signal from the output of adder 42, proportional to the force applied by the student to the handle 23, changes the amount of force applied by the student to the handle 23 when processing the workpiece.

Simultaneously, the nonlinear element 67 generates a signal proportional to the deformation of the machine that occurs under the action of H | agreva machine by the signal coming from the output of the sensor 10, proportional to the processing time of the workpiece on the machine.

Nonlinear element 73 on the signal from the output of block 15, about 16

proportional to the longitudinal component of the cutting force, generates a signal proportional to the deformation of the machine that occurs under the action of the longitudinal component of the cutting force.

The nonlinear element 74 on the signal coming from the output of block 15, proportional to the transverse component, is proportional to the deformation of the machine, arising under the action of the transverse component of the cutting force.

The adder 70, according to the signals coming from the outputs of nonlinear elements 73,74,67, proportional to the deformations of the machine, arising under the action of the longitudinal component of the cutting force, under the action of the transverse component of the cutting force, forms a signal proportional to the deformations of the machine arising from the heating of the machine and the cutting force.

The nonlinear element 68 generates a signal proportional to the size of the signal coming from the output of the sensor 10 proportional to the processing time of the workpiece on the machine.

deformation of the tool under the action of heating the tool.

The nonlinear element 75, by a signal coming from the output of block 15, proportional to the longitudinal component of the cutting force, generates a signal proportional to the deformation of the tool caused by the longitudinal component of the cutting force.

The nonlinear element 76, by a signal from the output of block 15, proportional to the transverse component of the cutting force, generates a signal proportional to

deformation of the cutter, arising under the action of the transverse component of the cutting force.

The adder 71 on the signals from the outputs of nonlinear elements

68,75,76 proportional to the dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the cutter and the deformation of the cutter under the action of the heating of the cutter, the deformation of the cutter arising under the action of the longitudinal component cutting force, the deformation of the cutter arising under the action of the transverse component cutting force accordingly, it forms a signal proportional to the cutter deformations.

17

arising from the heating of the cutter and the cutting force, and dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the cutter.

The nonlinear element 69 generates a signal proportional to the deformations of the workpiece resulting from the heating of the workpiece during processing on the machine, according to a signal coming from the end of the sensor 10, proportional to the processing time of the workpiece on the machine.

The nonlinear element 77 generates a signal proportional to the deformation of the workpiece caused by the longitudinal component of the cutting force by a signal coming from the output of block 15 proportional to the longitudinal component of the cutting force.

The nonlinear element 78 generates a signal proportional to the deformation of the workpiece caused by the transverse component of the cutting force from the output of block 15, which is proportional to the transverse component of the cutting force.

The nonlinear element 79, by a signal coming from the output of block 3, proportional to the longitudinal movement of the cutter, generates a signal that corresponds to the deformation of the workpiece that occurs when the cutter moves longitudinally.

The nonlinear element 80 generates a signal proportional to the deformation of the workpiece that arises during the transverse movement of the cutter, according to a signal from the output of block 3, which is proportional to the transverse movement of the cutter.

The adder 72 according to the signal coming from the nonlinear element 69, proportional to the deformations of the workpiece, arising under the action of heating the workpiece during its processing on the machine, according to the signals coming from the nonlinear elements 77.78, proportional to the deformations of the workpiece arising under the action of the longitudinal and transverse respectively, the components of the cutting force, according to signals from the nonlinear elements 79.80, proportional to the deformations of the workpiece at given longitudinal and transverse, respectively, movements of the tool, The signal is proportional to the deformations of the workpiece, arising under the effect of the heating of the workpiece and the cutting force.

13

68908 8

Block 18, by a signal coming from the output of block 17, proportional to the deformations of the machine, cutter and workpiece, by a signal coming from the output of the adder 53, proportional to the set cutting parameters, generates a signal proportional to the actual cutting parameters.

10 As a result of the deformation of the technological system that has arisen, the machine-device-tool part the actual cutting parameters — depth of cut and feed — will be less

15 of their established values. Therefore, in order to maintain a rational cutting mode and obtain a given accuracy of taper processing, the student, taking into account the arising deformation of the techno-

20 of the logical system, the machine-tool-tool-tal tool corrects its control actions on the knobs 22 and 23 included in the block so that the actual cutting dimensions differ from the set values.

As the workpiece is processed on the machine, the signal at the output of sensor 10 is proportional to the duration

30, processing the workpiece on the machine increases and, arriving at the inputs of nonlinear elements 67,68,69, forms at their outputs new values of signals proportional to deformation

35 of the machine caused by the heating of the machine, dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the tool and deformations of the tool under the effect of heating the tool, deformations of the workpiece that occur

40 under the action of heating the workpiece in the process of processing on the machine.

At the same time, as the tool approaches the base of the cone, the values of the signals at the outputs of block 3, proportional to the longitudinal and transverse movements of the tool, change. These signals, arriving at the inputs of nonlinear elements 79.80, form at their outputs new values

50 signals proportional to the deformations of the workpiece occurring in the longitudinal and transverse, respectively, movements of the tool.

Adders 70, 71 for new values of scientific research institute of signals proportional to machine deformations, arising under the action of machine heating, dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the tool and tool deformations under the action of nagoyev tool 19

The incoming signals from the nonlinear elements 67 and 68, respectively, determine the new values of signals proportional to the machine deformations, arising from the heating of the tool machine and the tool deformations, caused by the heating of the tool and cutting force, and dimensional wear of the cutting edge. cutter.

Adder 72 for new values of signals proportional to the deformations of the workpiece, arising under the effect of heating the workpiece during processing on the machine, coming from the nonlinear element 69, and signals proportional to the deformations of the workpiece arising from the longitudinal and transverse movement of the cutter, coming from nonlinear elements 79, 80, respectively, determines the new value of the signal proportional to the deformations of the workpiece arising from the heating of the workpiece and the cutting force.

Block 18 according to new values of signals proportional to machine deformations, arising under the effect of machine heating, tooling, tool deformations, caused by the tool heating and cutting force, and dimensional wear of the tool cutting edge, workpiece deformations and cutting force, and the output of the adders 70, 71,72 determines the new value of the signal proportional to the actual cutting parameters.

The machine-tool-tool-part, trained by the changed value of the technological system deformation, will again correct its controlling influences on the knobs 22 and 23 included in block 1 in order to eliminate the discrepancy between the actual and set cutting parameters.

In case of an erroneous action of the student, which involves switching the speed with the handle 21 when turning on the handle 20 of the friction clutch, the signal from the output of the node 51 goes to one input of the key 63. At the same time, the other input of the key 63 receives the signal from the output of the node 50. As a result these two signals, the key 63 at its output generates a signal and sends it to the input of block 9, which signals an error in the switch

36890820

Research Institute of speeds admitted by students.

At the same time, node 60 signifies a signal proportional to the frequency of rotation of the spindle and arriving at its one input from the output of node 50, compared with a signal proportional to a given value of the frequency of rotation of the spindle

10 l and arriving at its other input from element 31. If the frequency of rotation of the spindle does not match its set value, the node 60 at its output generates a signal arriving at one

15 key entry 64.

The keys 64 - 66 are in the open state, since the signal from element 33 arrives at their other switching inputs. The same signal from element 33 is fed to the input of the inverter 59, therefore the signal generated at its input will close the keys 55 and 56. A signal from the output of the key 64, which signals an error that is permitted in the selection of the spindle rotation frequency, is fed to the input of block 9, which indicates this error.

Node 62 proportional signal

The 30 feed and arriving at its input from the output of node 37 compares with a signal proportional to the specified feed value and arriving at its input from element 32. If the CEI fails to match its feed to the specified value, the node 62 generates a signal at its output to one key input 66. The signal from the output of the public key 66, signaling an error,

40 admitted by the trainees in maintaining the supply goes through the output of the error detection unit 8 to the first input of the display unit 9, which indicates this error.

J5 Next, the node 61, a signal proportional to the depth of cut and coming from the output of block 18, is compared with a signal proportional to the specified value of the depth of cut and

from element 33. In case of large deviations of actual cutting parameters from given, node 61 generates a signal (error) coming through the public key 65 to the input of unit 9 to warn the student about its incorrect corrective actions on carriage control and slide when eliminating the effect of deformation technological system of machine

Tool-tool-part on the accuracy of the part.

The proposed device also allows for the development of initial machine control skills. Since in this case the training takes place without the machining of the part, the instructor does not specify the processing mode. Therefore, the absence in this case of a signal at the output of element 33 will result in the output of a signal at the output of inverter 59, which unlocks the keys 55, 56, and block 8 will reveal inaccuracies when the specified profile is swept over the specified section. DKE, as in the known device.

Thus, the arithmetic unit 57 determines the absolute value and the sign of the i-clone of the longitudinal movement of 20 centimeters coming from the output of the node 28 from the calculated value of the longitudinal movement of the tool coming from the output of the functional converter 46, and through the key 55 outputs to the input block 25 .

with

The arithmetic unit 58 determines the absolute value and the sign of the deviation of the transverse displacement of the cutter, as it was, from the output of the node 29, from the calculated value coming from the output of the functional transducer 47 and, via the key 56, outputs to the input of unit 9.

Keys 64 - 66 due to the absence of a signal on their other inputs, removed from element 33, are closed.

Thus, during the entire machining process of the workpiece on the machine, in order to maintain a rational cutting mode and to obtain a given part machining accuracy, the student constantly adjusts the tool-tool-part adaptation for controlling the movement of the carriage movements on the slide the most time to develop a complex skill of turning a machine with a machine, taking into account the influence of deformations of the machine, cutter, heading and dimensional wear of the cutting edge of the cutter on Nost part.

The use of the proposed device allows the trainee to acquire the control of the cutting machine much faster when machining a part with regard to deformation.

technological system machine-tool-tool-part.

The economic effect of using the present invention can be obtained by speeding up the training process and reducing the cost of training the workers.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula five five 0 about The tokar simulator contains a block of manual controls, the information outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the sensor block, the outputs of the first group of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the unit for displacement movement of the working element, and the outputs of the second group to the corresponding information inputs of the electric drive modeling block. connected to the appropriate code of the manual control unit, and the inputs of which compensating effects are connected to the corresponding outputs am of the external effects simulation block, the formation block whose outputs are connected to the corresponding inputs of the external effects simulation block, the inputs of the first group — with the corresponding codes of the trainee’s reaction definition block, and the inputs of the second group — with the corresponding outputs of the movement speed simulation block, the inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the unit for the movement of the working body, connected to the corresponding inputs of the first group of the educational information management block and the definition block dividing the errors and the corresponding inputs of the functional converter, from the block for determining the set cutting parameters and the setting bits, the codes of the first group of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the second group of the training information unit, the outputs of the second group to the corresponding inputs of the second group of the error determining block, and output - to the first input of the trainee’s reaction definition unit, the second input of which is connected to one of the outputs of the motion simulation unit connected to the first entry in the error detecting unit, inputs of which are the third group 0 five 1 Go to block 15 definition pfatft4Ui oSyvatHOto Kv / xodt / blockades of modeling of epf fi-sh, / 7Cf6O vefo opiCfMu Kperbymu input block 16 definition (per / rmuvee- KU) f steam / cutting winds (Rig.y.