SU1311850A1 - Method of machining aspherical surfaces of rotation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of precision engineering and can be used to create CNC machines for machining axisymmetric curved surfaces with precision diamond turning. The aim of the invention is to increase the accuracy and quality of the processing of aspherical surfaces by reducing the influence of errors in forming movements and reducing the height of asperities. The cutting edge of the tool 2 is brought into contact with the workpiece 1 in its center. Further, the product 1 is associated with the rotational motion O. The required aspherical surfaces are obtained by synchronized rotations of the CO, and tOj positions of the spindle spindles 4 and 5 of the workpiece and the tool. As a result, the cutting edge of the tool 2 describes a spatial curve on the surface to be machined. 2 Il. § (L with eo el V. (Jj (Pu.1

Description

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used in machine tools for producing optical components with aspherical surfaces, including telescope mirrors.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and quality of the processing of aspherical surfaces by reducing the effect of errors in the shape-and-motion model and reducing the height of the micronerregularities.

When implementing the known method, the cutting edge of the cutter moves along a flat curve, whereas

This way the curve is spaced venn. This implies the determination of the accumulated error of displacements in a known method according to the law of algebraic summation, and in the proposed method - according to the law of geometric summation, which always gives a smaller value of the total error.

Since the kinematics of the machine tools involves the rotation of its elements mainly around the horizontal and vertical axes, with the power interferences of the cutting tool along the spatial curve, an additional tension of the AIDS system along all axes of the kinematic links of the machine is provided, while with the single planar formation movement force closure and tension g are provided only along a group of axes perpendicular to the plane in which the shaping movements are carried out. As a result, the full tension g in the AIDS system under the proposed method increases its accuracy I

FIG. 1 schematically shows the interaction of the workpiece and the tool, fixed in

drive and position spindle x circular feed movements in mutually

sonometry; in fig. 2 - projection on

aspherical plane

surface and trail cutting edge

tool according to the famous and

proposed methods ... jg

FIG. 1 and 2, the following notation is accepted: CO, is the direction of rotation of the positioning spindle of the workpiece; co - direction of rotation of the workpiece COj - direction of rotation of the positioning spindle tool.

Dashed lines show the trajectories of movement in space.

perpendicular planes reduces their total error as compared with the one-plane shaping movements, which allows increasing the accuracy of the technological system.

F. formula of invention

The method of processing aspherical surfaces of rotation, in which the machined products are reported by the rotational movement of the cutting, and the circular movement of the feed is reported to the tool.

YU

the cutting edge of the tool and the workpiece.

The workpiece I is installed in the spindle 3 of the rotational movement around the horizontal axis. The positioning spindle 4 of the workpiece is attached to the spindle 3. The axes of spindles 3 and 4 are in the same plane and mutually perpendicular. The tool 2 is attached at an angle of 90 to the positioning spindle 5 through which the tool 2 is co. communicate the rotational movement around the horizontal axis in a vertical

15 plane. All spindles of the machine for the implementation of the method have aerostatic support. To process high precision spherical surfaces of orders by synchronization

20 rotations of CO, and W, in order to obtain a curved surface close to the theoretical one, it is necessary to use a computer.

FIG. 2. shows a projection 6 of the track of the cutting edge of the tool when carrying out a known method.

In order to implement the proposed method, the cutting edge of the tool 2 is brought into contact with the workpiece 1 in its center. Next, the processed item 1 is reported to have a fast enemy movement in the direction of Uj ,. The necessary aspherical surfaces are obtained by synchronized rotations of the CO, and and the positioning spindles 4 and 5 of the workpiece and the tool. As a result, the cutting edge of the tool 2 describes the spatial curve 7 on the surface to be machined.

Exercise shaping 1x

perpendicular planes reduce their total error in comparison with the single-plane shaping movements, which allows increasing the accuracy of the technological system.

F. formula of invention

The method of processing aspherical surfaces of rotation, in which the machined products are informed by the rotational movement of the cutting, and the tool - circular feed movement

3131

around an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece and being in the same plane with the axis of rotation, the additional movement of the circular feed around the axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece, characterized in that

processing accuracy by reducing the influence of errors of shaping movements, additional movement of the circular feed of the machined

; the product or tool around an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation is carried out in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the main movement of the circular feed.

Compiled by G. Barinov Editor A. Kozoriz Tehred N.Glushchenko Proofreader L. Patay

1918/11

Circulation 976 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

and

Claims (1)

The claims of the batted product; ω ₄ - the direction of rotation of the workpiece} G0 ₃ - direction of rotation of the positioning spindle of the tool. The dashed lines show the method of processing aspherical surfaces of rotation, in which the rotational cutting motion is reported to the processed products, and the movement instructors in the space of the rument - the circular feed motion around an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece and located in the same plane with the axis of rotation, at this processed product or tool inform additional movement of a circular feed around an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece, characterized in that, with the aim To increase the accuracy of processing by decreasing the influence of errors in the forming movements, the additional circular motion of the workpiece / tool 5 being machined around an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation is carried out in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the main circular motion.