SU1306503A2 - Spreader of mineral fertilizers on slopes - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to an agricultural technique. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of use of fertilizers when working across a slope of variable steepness. The fertilizer flow guide fertilizer 8 is connected to one shoulder of the double-arm lever 9, the second arm of which is connected to the cylinder I1 of the hydraulic cylinder 12. The spool 1 7 of the hydraulic distributor rests on the profile cam (PC) 18. The sensor 24 of the slope slope through the rod 22 and the slider 21 mixes the PC 18 in the appropriate direction. The profile cam acts on the control valve spool, and the rod 1 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 rotates the double-arm lever 9, moving along the groove 10 of the fertilizer flow guide in the transverse direction. Together with the flywheel, the stop 26 is displaced in the same direction, acting through the profile track 28 on the metering gate 29, moves in the guides 30, ensuring the dependence of the amount of fertilizer applied to the soil on the steepness of the slope. I zp f-ly, 2 ill. (L 23 A. t 2Я-4Ы9Р 6 t о v 3t 73/23 A. IQ 15 -x -13 - / 2 -P 00 o O5 ate with 1/7 Go Yu 8 Fig. 2

Description

The invention relates to an agricultural technique and can be USED to be applied to the soil substances, mainly on slopes in areas of water erosion.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of fertilizer use when working across a variable slope slope.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of mineral fertilizer spreaders on the slopes when working on a horizontal section; in fig. 2 - spreader when working across a variable slope slope.

The mineral fertilizer spreader on the slopes contains frame 1, support wheels 2 and technological container 3 for fertilizers. At the bottom of the process tank is placed a mechanism 4 for feeding fertilizers and dosing them depending on the required application rate. The two spreading bodies are made in the form of centrifugal disks 5 with blades 6. The disks are driven into rotational motion by means of a mechanical transmission or a hydraulic motor (the drive of the centrifugal disks is not shown). Tukonapravnitel 7 fertilizer flow to spreading working bodies mounted above the centrifugal discs movably in the transverse direction and connected to one arm of the two shoulders by means of a pull of 8. The second shoulder of the two-arm lever is hingedly connected to the rod 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 12. The hydraulic cylinder is connected by oil lines 13 to the spool valve. The housing 14 of the hydraulic distributor is movably mounted in the guides 15 and, by means of the roller 16, rests on a double-arm lever. The spool 17 of the hydraulic distributor through the roller rests on the profile cam 18. The shape of the cam profile can be either straight-line (as shown in Figs. 1 and 2), or curvilinear, depending on the particle size distribution of the substances applied to the soil. A spring washer 19 is rigidly fixed on the valve stem of the hydraulic distributor. A spring 20 is placed between the support washer and the control valve housing. The profile cam is attached to the slider 21, which is connected to the leash 23 of the slope slope 24, for example, of a tv type. The slope slope sensor is equipped with a deforming device 25. The tukonapravlenie is equipped in the upper part with a height-adjustable stop 26, which can be made in the form of a roller. The position of the stop in height is adjusted by a screw mechanism 27: A profile track 28, which is rigidly fixed on the metering gate 29, rests on the support.

pressed against the abutment by the elastic elements 31.

When operating in the horizontal section (Fig. 1), the fertilizer from the processing capacity 3 by means of the feed mechanism 4 is fed to the centrifugal disks 5 with blades 6 and scattered to the right and to the left from the axis of movement of the machine by the same distance. The profile cam 18 is in the middle position, the spool

 the valve 17 closes the channels of the oil pipes 13 to the hydraulic cylinder 12 and the rods 11 are fixed in a fixed position, keeping the two shoulders lever 9 in the middle position. Through tg 8 Tukonapravitel 7

The fertilizer flow to the spreading working bodies is also fixed in the middle position, and the same mass of fertilizers is supplied to both centrifugal disks 5. Since the fertilizer guide 7 fertilizer flow is fixed in the middle position, then

0, the stop 26 is in the middle of the profile track 28. The metering valve 29 is in the lower position by means of the elastic elements 31. The rate of application of fertilizers in this case is due to the position of the stop 26, which is regulated by a screw

 mechanism 27.

When the machine moves across a variable slope slope (Fig. 2), the leash 23 of the slope slope sensor 24 rotates from its original position in a downward slope direction (the initial position of the leash 23 in Fig. 2 is shown in broken lines) by an angle a equal to the slope slope. The connecting rod 22 moves the slider 21 together with the profile cam 18 in a downward direction along the slope (in Fig. 2

 left). The spring 20 through the support washer 19 moves the valve 17 of the control valve relative to the housing 14 upwards. At the same time, the oil from the casing 14 of the hydraulic distributor is directed under pressure into the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 12 and the rod 11 w 0 is bent inside the hydraulic cylinder 12, turning the double-arm lever 9 counterclockwise by angle p from the initial position. T ha 8 moves Tukonapravitel 7 fertilizer flow to spreading working bodies in grooves 10 to the right

5 to the distance L from the initial position (the initial position of the driver 7 in FIG. 2 is shown by broken lines). At the same time, the mass of fertilizers entering the right centrifugal disk located on the upper side of the slope decreases, and the mass of fertilizers entering the left centrifugal disk located on the lower side of the slope increases. As a result, the uniform distribution of fertilizer width

The 5 spreader grab is significantly improved. At the same time, when shifting to the right by the distance L, the tube guide 7 moves to the right by the same distance L

0

and an emphasis 26. By acting on the profile track 28, an emphasis 26, overcoming the resistance of the elastic elements 31, moves the metering valve 29 in the guides 30 upwards, increasing the amount of fertilizer applied with increasing slope steepness. Thus, the efficiency of fertilizer use during the operation of the spreader across a variable slope slope increases significantly.

When changing the direction of the slope to the opposite, the proposed mineral fertilizer spreader works in a similar way. The double-shouldered lever 9 is rotated from the initial position clockwise, and the tractor 8 moves the fertilizer guide 7 in the opposite direction, again providing a significant improvement in the uniformity of the distribution of fertilizers across the spreader reach. In the same way as with the displacement of the guide 7, to the left, the same distance moves to the left and the stop 26. Again, I will act on the profile track 28,

25 V

the stop 26, overcoming the resistance of the elastic elements 31, moves the metering gate 29 in the guides 30 upwards, increasing the amount of fertilizer applied with increasing slope steepness.

Claims (2)

1. Mineral fertilizer spreader on the slopes St. No. 1233830, characterized in that, in order to improve fertilizer use when working across a variable slope slope, the metering valve is spring-loaded, equipped with a profile track and guides rigidly fixed on it, and installed in the latter with the possibility of vertical displacements; the upper part of the stop interacting with the profile track of the metering valve. 2. The spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment is adapted to be adjustable in height.  W 6 5 8 FIG.