SU1739883A1 - Method and apparatus for surface placement of friable materials - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A device for carrying out the method comprises a hopper (B) 1 for material and located under the bottom of B 1 a pair of rotatable disks (D) 3 mounted in opposite directions mounted on vertical shafts 5. To increase the uniform distribution of materials in the proposed method D 3 Oscillating movement in a vertical plane across the direction of movement of the spreader with a change in the angle of inclination D 3 from positive to negative relative to the horizontal plane in the direction scattering, where the angles are not chosen to be greater than the friction or roll friction angle of the scatter material on the material D 3 In the device for carrying out the method, each D 3 drive is mounted on a horizontal plate 7, which is pivotally fixed at one end towards the spreading side, communicated with the oscillation mechanism. During operation of the device implementing the method, D 3 simultaneously with the rotational movement oscillates in a vertical plane across the direction of movement of the spreaders, so that the material supplied from B 1 is scattered with a constant flight path, which contributes to a more uniform distribution of the scattered material. 2 sec. and 1 z. p. f-ly. 1 il. (L С vi сю 00 00 CJ

Description

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The invention relates to agriculture, mainly to methods for distributing mineral fertilizers and other bulk materials on the floor surface.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the uniform distribution of bulk materials.

The drawing schematically shows an apparatus for carrying out the method.

The essence of the method is as follows.

The material is fed to spinning discs rotating in opposite directions in the horizontal plane and dispersed from the discs. In this case, the disks are reported to oscillate in a vertical plane across the direction of movement of the spreader with a change in the angle of inclination of the disks from positive to negative with respect to the horizontal plane in the direction of spreading. The value of the angles is less than the friction angle of sliding or rolling of the scattered material on the disk.

The device for carrying out the method comprises a hopper 1 with two tillers 2, under which horizontal drive disks are rotated in opposite directions with disks 3 with blades 4 mounted on the shafts 5 of hydraulic motors 6. Hydraulic motors 6 are rigidly fixed on plates 7 that have external ends facing in the direction of spreading, are attached using horizontal hinges 8 to the frame (not shown). The opposite ends of the 9 plates 7 communicate with the oscillation mechanism in the form of eccentric cams 10, mounted under the plates 7 on the driving shafts 11. The plates 7 oscillate relative to the horizontal hinges 8 in a vertical plane at an angle a. Together with the plates 7, the disks 3 oscillate, and the angle a of their inclination with respect to the horizontal plane varies from a positive angle a to a negative a, in the direction of spreading, however, the values of these angles are such that they do not exceed the angle of friction rolling or sliding the spread material The material of the disk 3, the angle of inclination to the horizon is given by the parameters of the cam 10 and with the smallest eccentricity equal to the angle a, and with the greatest eccentricity equal to the angle a. In addition, depending on the type of material scattered, the angles are a. and az. can be adjusted by moving the cams

10 along the plates 7 in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the device. In tukodeliteli x 2 installed dosing material device 12 in the form of

vertically movable flaps 13 communicated with a screw 14 which is mounted in the nut 15. When the screw 14 is unscrewed from the nut 15, the valve 13 connected to it rises and,

vice versa. The flaps 13 overlap the openings 16, made in the side wall of the cable coder 2.

The method of fertilizer application using the specified device is as follows.

The material to be superficially applied (fertilizer, sand, ameliorating or similar materials) is poured into the hopper 1, the seeding rate is set using the metering device 12, and the angle of inclination of the discs 3 is adjusted to the horizontal plane using the cams 10. At the same time, depending on the material being introduced (granular or

the powdery angle is corrected, as well as the angle, i.e. the values of the angles are assumed to be either smaller than the rolling friction angle of the spreading material over the disk 3, or smaller than the sliding friction angle of the spreading material over the disc 3. After performing these operations, the spreader is moved across the field. The material from the hopper 1 is fed through the tweezers 2 by means of the metering device 12 through the holes 16 to rotating disks in opposite directions 3, which with their paddles 4 capture the material and scatter it across the field. Simultaneously with the rotational movement of the disks 3 together with

the plates 7 and the hydraulic motors 6 oscillate in a vertical plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the spreader from the cams 10 at a fixed angle a. Thanks to this stuff

comes down from discs 3 at different angles to the horizon. Changing the angle of gathering material from the disk 3 leads to a continuous change in the trajectory of the flight of particles of material, and consequently, to the flight of particles of material

at different lengths from the spreader. Since the process of changing the flight path takes a short period of time, the amplitude between the largest and smallest distances of the scattered material to the spreader is minimal, due to which the scattered material is more evenly distributed throughout the area than the material moving from the horizontal disk. In addition, the constant vibration of the disk 3 reduces the sticking of material to its surface.

Thus, the proposed method for depositing bulk materials and a device for its implementation ensure uniform distribution of the material over the floor surface, as a result of which agricultural crops get uniform nutrition, ripen at the same time, and, consequently, their yield increases. In addition, productivity is improved by reducing the surface sticking of the discs to the material.

Claims (3)

Claims 1. A method for superficially introducing bulk materials, comprising feeding material onto spinning discs in opposite directions in a horizontal plane and scattering it from discs, characterized in that, in order to improve the uniformity of distribution of the material over the surface, oscillating moving in a vertical plane across the direction of movement of the spreader with a change in the angle of inclination of the discs from positive to negative relative to the horizontal plane in the direction of spreading, and the angle values take less than the angle of friction or rolling of the material to be spread over the disk. 2. A device for the surface introduction of bulk materials containing a hopper and horizontal discs located under its bottom with a rotational drive around the vertical axis in opposite directions, characterized in that the drive of each disc is equipped with an oscillation mechanism and a horizontal plate that has one end directed to the spreading side pinned as well the opposite end is associated with the oscillation mechanism. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the oscillation mechanism is designed as an eccentric cam with a drive, installed under the stove.