SU1301998A1 - Internal combustion engine with hydraulic drive - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to engine building and allows for improved stability and reliability. The cylinders (C) 1-4 are arranged in pairs opposite and parallel to each other in two rows, and each pair of opposed C is connected by a sleeve 8, the cavities of which are interconnected by a bypass channel. The pistons 5 are connected by rods 6, the plungers 7 of which are sized (size), paquy 8, the foams are mixed in their middle part. The launch system is designed as a spool mechanism communicating with working chambers C 1-4 and with channels 24, 26 and 25, 27. The hydraulic tank is connected to the sub-piston cavities of the opposite center through check valves 13, which ensure the flow of working fluid through the connected load motors 11 and 12 are constantly in the same direction regardless of the stroke of the pistons 5. The discharge and drain lines 9 and 10 of each hydraulic motor are interconnected by the overflow line 14 with the regulator 15. This design is based on joint oh U 1--4 synchronous operation using power stroke damping porschnevyh couples considerably increases the specific power of the engine, and ensures its stability of operation. 4 hp f-ly, 1 ill. i9 P And ig оо о ОС 00 1 М 4 / W 20 23 20

Description

: The invention relates to engine construction, in particular to hydraulically driven internal combustion engines.

The purpose of the invention is to increase work stability and reliability.

The drawing schematically shows the engine, the overall appearance.

A hydraulically driven internal combustion engine contains cylinders 1–4 arranged in pairs opposite and parallel to each other in two rows, pistons 5 dividing the volumes of cylinders 1–4 into the working chamber and the hydraulic piston cavity. Pistons 5 of each pair of cylinders 1-2 and 3-4 are equipped with rods 6. On the rod 6 in its middle part there is a plunger 7 placed in the sleeve 8 and dividing the cavity of the sleeve 8 into plunger and sub plunger hydraulic cavities that are isolated from the cavities of the cylinders 1 -four. The piston cavities of each cylinder 1-4 are connected through a pressure 9 and a drain 10 line with the corresponding hydraulic motors 11 and 12, and all the hydraulic motors are connected by a common shaft. Four non-return valves 13 are installed on the discharge and drain lines x 9 and 10. The pressure port 9 and drain 10 lines of each hydraulic motor 12 and 11 are interconnected by a bypass line 14 with the regulator 15. Regulators of 15 each bypass line are coordinated by common control. Each cylinder has inlet ports 16, a cylinder head 17 with exhaust valves 18 placed in it with executive plunger pairs 19 and 20, fuel pumps - nozzles 21 with primary: additional piston pairs 22 and 23. Executive plunger pairs 19 and 20, 22 and 23 are connected by channels 24-27 to the hydraulic cavities of the sleeve 8. In the cylinder head 17 there is also a fitting for compressed air with a check valve 28.

The opening of the exhaust valves 18 and the fuel injection by the injector pumps 21 is stopped by means of the actuating piston pairs 19 and 20, 22 and 23 of the timing mechanism. Each hydraulic cavity of the liner 8 is connected by channels 24 and 26 with actuator pairs 22 and 23 of the pump-injector 21, opposite cylinders 1 (3), 2 (4), and channels 25 and 27 with plunger couples 19 and 20 of the exhaust valves same cylinders. The hydraulic cavities of the sleeve 8 are interconnected by the bypass channel 29 with the hydraulic accumulator 30. The engine contains a system for feeding the working fluid, which consists of a tank 31, channels 32 and 33 with non-return valves 34 and 35.

The engine is equipped with an air start mechanism that includes a cylinder 36, a spool 37 with two annular grooves0

five

mi, executive plunger; -; pairs 38 and 39, connected by nozzles 40 and 41 with channels 25 and 26 of the distribution mechanism, air conduits to cylinders 42-45 with inlet nipples fitted with non-return valves, and also valve 46 for inlet to a compressed air system.

The engine operates in a two-cycle cycle with alternating phases; compression in cylinders-pax 1 and 3 and simultaneous working stroke in cylinders 2 and 4, and then vice versa - working stroke in cylinders 1 and 3 and compression in cylinders 2 and 4.

Due to the proposed arrangement of 5 cylinders — the mechanical connection of pistons of twin cylinders 1–2 and 3-4 rods and the hydraulic connection of the sub-piston cavities parallel to the located cylinders -4 and 2-3, a consistent synchronous operation of all pistons is achieved.

During the movement of the pistons under the influence of the pressure difference between the combustion chamber and the piston cavity, alternately in the crosswise lying cylinders, a constant flow of the working fluid from the substep cavities of the parallel cylinders 1-4, 4 - and 3-2, 2 --- 3 occurs. Located in the pressure-drain hydraulic lines 9 and 10, the return valves 13 ensure the flow of the working fluid through the connected hydraulic motors constantly in one direction, regardless of the stroke of the pistons. Thus, hydromotors are constantly, each stroke receives energy. Highways 14 with regulators 15 are used to bypass the working fluid at start-up and smoothly turn on and load. The design provides for feeding with working fluid in case of leakage, which is carried out automatically from the tank 31 into the system (cylinders 1-- 4 through the check valve 34 through the channel 32 or into the cylinder system 2-3 through the check valve 35 through the channel 33.

The distribution mechanisms of paired cylinders 1-2 and 3-4 work on the same principle as follows. The plunger 7, moving in the hollow sleeve 8 together with the pistons of 5 twin cylinders 1-2 (3-4), flushes the liquid, which flows through the bypass channel 29 from one part of the sleeve divided by the plunger 7 into another while the plunger 7 does not block one of the holes in the channel 29. With further movement of the plunger 7, which coincides with the completion of the compression stroke in cylinder 1 (3) and the working stroke in cylinder 2 (4), the liquid

5 is injected by plunger 7 through channel 25 to actuator plunger pairs 20 of exhaust valves 18 of cylinder 2 (4) and through channel 24 to actuator plunger pair

five

22 fuel injector pump 21 cylinder 1 (3). At the same time, fluid from the hydraulic reservoir 30 enters the sub-plunger space of the sleeve 8, since the opening of the channel 29 is blocked by the plunger 7. The actuating plungers 20 of the cylinder 2 (4) under the influence of the pressure of the liquid open the exhaust valves 18, release occurs in the cylinder 2 (4), and through the intake ports 16 in the cylinder begins to receive air under pressure from a supercharger (not shown), driven by hydraulic motors. The combustion chamber is vented and filled with air.

In the cylinder 1 (3), under the influence of the actuating plunger pair 22, fuel is injected by the injector pump 21. Under the effect of the pressure drop, when the fuel in the cylinders 1 (3) is ignited, the pistons 5 begin to move in the opposite direction. Simultaneously with the pistons

Claims (5)

1. A hydraulically driven internal combustion engine containing cylinders, pistons separating cylinder volumes into the working chamber and hydraulic piston cavity and provided with rods and plungers made on the rods, sleeves with the sub-plunger and supra-plunger hydraulic cavities are insulated Q mi from the cavities of the cylinders in which the plungers are placed, the hydraulic motors associated with the sub-piston cavity of each cylinder of the discharge pressure main lines, which are equipped with check valves, hydraulic accumulators, inlet valves a-release with use of thread-type plunger pairs, connected by channels with hydraulic cavities of the liner, characterized in that, in order to increase the operation stability and reliability, the cylinders are arranged in pairs opposite and parallel to each other in two the plunger 7 begins to reversely move. ° P "each pair of opposed cylinders" Exhaust valves 18 of cylinder 2 (4) are closed. In cylinder 2 (4), a compression stroke begins. Thus, the operation of the distribution mechanism is carried out at the expense of the depreciation of the stroke of the pistons at the end of cycles. The fuel supply to the pump nozzles 21 is from a low pressure fuel pump (not shown) driven by hydraulic motors. Compressed air supply on start up 25 The ditch is connected by a liner, and the pistons are connected by rods, the plungers of which are placed in their middle part, and the cylinders of each row are communicated with the corresponding hydraulic motor, all the hydraulic motors are connected to a common shaft. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that each cylinder is equipped with an injector pump with an actuating plunger pair, each hydraulic cavity alternately in cylinders 1-3; 30 sleeves are connected by a channel with an executive a plunger pair of a pump-injector of one of the box cylinders and a plunger pair of exhaust valves of the other cylinder of one pair, and the cavity of the liner are connected to each other by an overflow channel start-up, receiving impulses through nozzles 35 with hydroaccumulator. and 2-4 from a cylinder (not shown) through the starting valve 46. and the valve, made in the form of a cylinder 36 and a spool 37 with grooves. The actuating plunger pairs 38 and 39 of the mechanism 40 and 41 from one of the different mechanisms of the mechanism (in this case, a pair of cylinders 1-2) alternately displace the spool 37 through the cylinder 36, thereby connecting the compressed air supply channel through the grooves of the spool for 37 seconds. channels 42, 44 and 43, 45, supplying air through check valves to cylinders 1-3 and 2-4, respectively. Thus, the engine system, based on the joint, synchronous operation of four cylinders and the work of distribution mechanisms using the damping energy of the stroke of piston pairs, significantly increases the specific power of the proposed engine in comparison with the known and ensures the stability of its work. 40 45 50 3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a starting system made in the form of a spool mechanism communicating with the working chambers of the cylinders and with the channels of the actuators of the pump-injector of one cylinder and exhaust valves of the other cylinder. 4. An engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a hydraulic capacity associated with the sub-cylinder cavities of the opposite cylinders through check valves. 5. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure and drain lines of each hydraulic motor are interconnected by a bypass line with a regulating authority. Compiled by S. Andreeva Editor A. SaboTechred I. VeresKorrektor A. Ilyin Order 944/34 Circulation 504 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries 1 13035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul. Project, 4 Invention Formula 1. A hydraulically driven internal combustion engine containing cylinders, pistons separating cylinder volumes into the working chamber and hydraulic sub piston cavity and provided with rods and plungers made on the rods, sleeves with the sub-plunger and supraplunger hydraulic cavities insulated from the cavities cylinders in which plungers are placed, hydraulic motors connected to the sub-piston cavity of each cylinder by pressure discharge lines, which are equipped with non-return valves, hydraulic accumulators, intake valves Discharges with actuator plunger pairs, connected by channels with hydraulic cavities of the liner, characterized in that, in order to increase work stability and reliability, the cylinders are arranged in pairs opposite and parallel to each other in two P “each pair of boxer cylinders” “each pair of boxer cylinders” The ditch is connected by a liner, and the pistons are connected by rods, the plungers of which are placed in their middle part, and the cylinders of each row are communicated with the corresponding hydraulic motor, all the hydraulic motors are connected to a common shaft. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that each cylinder is equipped with an injector pump with an actuating plunger pair, each hydraulic cavity with hydroaccumulator. 3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a starting system made in the form of a spool mechanism communicating with the working chambers of the cylinders and with the channels of the actuators of the pump-injector of one cylinder and exhaust valves of the other cylinder. 4. An engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a hydraulic capacity associated with the sub-cylinder cavities of the opposite cylinders through check valves. 5. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure and drain lines of each hydraulic motor are interconnected by a bypass line with a regulating authority.