SU1377439A1 - Injector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to engine and allows to increase the speed of the nozzle. The locking body 5 with the saddle 6 is located between the upper end of the needle and the movable stop with the formation of an additional naguli cavity 7. The hydraulic closing chamber is in communication with the inlet locking valve. Slib (L with vi 4 WITH so

Description

FIG. 2

element n is equipped with a fuel displacer, the nagulina cavity is in communication with the assembly locking element. The control valve shut-off elements are made in the form of two coaxially arranged needles 11, 13, the end surfaces of which are in contact with each other and made in the form of a hemisphere and a plane. During the cycle time, a quantity of fuel equal to the pilot dose of double injection is supplied to the cavity 21 and the channel 23. At the beginning of the intake stroke, the check valve is opened, the intake valve or intake port and the cavity 21 are in communication with the cylinder through the channel 23. Due to this, air from the intake manifold through channel 22, cavity 21 and channel 23 rushes into the cylinder, feeding a pilot dose into it and at the same time cleaning the cavity 21 from fuel. 2 hp fg-ly, 3 Il.

one - . The invention relates to engine and is used in the fuel system of an internal combustion engine.

The purpose of the invention is to increase speed.

Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the proposed nozzle with a shut-off element in a hydraulic shut-off chamber; Fig. 2 shows the same, with a control valve located in its housing; on the same, with a balancing piston of the control valve.

. The nozzle includes a housing 1, a needle 2, a movable stop 3, a spring 4, a locking body 5, a saddle 6 of a locking organ, a podigalny chamber 7, a hydraulic locking chamber 8, a control valve 9. the control valve, and the channel 12 - with the drain locking element in the form of a needle 13. The podgolny chamber 14 communicates with the battery. The locking body 5 can be made in the form of a ball, a hemisphere, a truncated cone, several cones, which pass from one to another. It may be a separate part from the needle 2 or be integrated with it. Inside the water chamber 8 there is a fuel propellant 15. The control valve contains the needles of the inlet 11 and shedding 13 of the locking elements, the conical sealing surfaces of which are located in the cavities 16 and 17, the electromagnet 18 and the return spring 19.

five

The anchor 20 of the electromagnet is in contact with the needle 13, the return spring acts on the needles 11 and 13 in the direction of closing the drain and opening

inlet valve element. Cavity

21 electromagnet channel 22 is connected. with a diesel intake manifold, and channel 23 with a diesel cylinder through a check valve (not shown) or

0 saddle intake valve 4-stroke diesel intake window two-stroke diesel. Podgolny chamber 7 channel 24 Communicates with the saddle 25 of the inlet gate 1. The truncated cone of the needle 13 through the rod 26 communicates with the piston 27, the opposite end of which by channel 28 is connected to the fuel supply channel 14. Channel 14 is connected an item. The channel 12 is connected through the discharge stop element 13 to the drain pipe 30,

The pattern works as follows.

When the current in the winding of the electromagnet 18 is not supplied, under the action of the spring 19, the inlet gate element I is open and the drain element 13 is closed. The hydrolock chamber 8 communicates with the sub-cam 7 and the battery. Due to the fact that the area of the needle 2, on which the fuel acts from the side of the hydroseal chamber 8, 5, is greater than the differential area

sub-camera 7, needle 2 lowered, no fuel injected. Cavities 16 and 17 of locking elements

0

five

0

communicated with the hydraulic chamber 8 and the battery.

To ensure tight closure of the drain, the following should be observed.

power ratio:

one

WITH

 R

l ack.max

d:

ар, 5, р

pr - 4 akmaks

Ux

needle diameter I1, equal to its bore diameter;

df. - diameter of the piston 27;

maximum fuel pressure in the battery; spring force 19.

 BX

d

one

(2)

./woKC

The cavity 21 of the electromagnet 18 is shared with the cylinder, since before the start of the intake stroke in the diesel engine, the check valve, intake valve (for 4-stroke diesel) or inlet window (for 2-stroke diesel) are closed. The fuel from the cavities 16 and 17 along the gaps between the needles 11 and 13 flows into the cavity 21, the pressure in which is equal to the pressure in the intake manifold of the diesel engine. The amount of fuel entering the cavity 21 and the channel 23 is equal to

one

de t

| c:

f-jv

,

wed

 U, 7

(3)

- cycle time (time from one start of the diesel intake stroke to the next). For 4-stroke diesel cycle time

equally

H

720 b ii

lv

60 p

For push pull

360

With this in mind

q (Uf-i

k.v

60

P

 x.e

f

60

en. with

(four)

(five)

(6)

where Z is the tact factor equal to 1/2 for a 4-stroke diesel engine and 1/2 for a 2-stroke G. During the cycle time, a quantity of fuel equal to the pilot dose of double injection is fed into cavity 21 and channel 23. At the beginning of the intake stroke, the check valve is opened, the inlet valve or inlet port and the cavity 21 through the channel 23 communicate with the cylinder, whereby the air from the inlet manifold through the channel 22 is

The cavity 21 and the channel 23 rush into the cylinder, feeding a pilot dose into it and at the same time cleaning the cavity 21 from fuel. When the intake stroke ends, the cavity 21 is again separated, with the cylinder of the diesel.

When current is applied to the winding of the electromagnet 18, the measles 20 is attracted, not meeting resistance from the fuel side. To flush the gap between the core and the core in the body of the electromagnet, special channels can be made.

The condition of moving the needles 11 and 13 is

(2)

 four

acc. Max

 j2

H -r-

 ROCK, woKc 9 / 1.m J

(7)

25

where pq. , electromagnet condition 18.

""YES

Then, from (7), taking into account (2), we obtain

thirty

(eight)

40

45

50

It does not interfere with the movement of the needles P, 13 and the fuel pressure on their locking cones, since the piston 27. 35 provides hydraulic balance to the control valve. The fuel pressure fluctuations in the feed channel 14 are not reflected in the operation of the control valve, since the lengths of the channels 28 and 29 are equal to each other. The inlet shut-off element I1 is closed, the drain element 13 is opened. Hydrolock chamber 8 is disconnected from the battery and communicated with the drain.

The pressure of the fuel in the hydro-closing chamber drops sharply, while it increases in the drain line. The condition of tight pressing of the locking cone of the inlet locking element 11 has the form

2s.

(9)

From here, taking into account (2) after transformations, we obtain

ate

(ten)

where r

Cft.MClvCC

maximum pressure in the drain line. When the force of the fuel from the under-chamber chamber 7 becomes greater than the locking force, the needle 2 rises, first meeting only the resistance of the fuel, and then after. contact with the intermediate stop 3 - the resistance of the fuel and the spring A. When the needle 2 rises to its full height, the locking member 5 sits on the axial seat 6. The fuel is drained from the cavity above the seat 6 and the pressure in it remains constant, independent of injection time, and a sufficiently high, equal pressure to the end of the needle lift 2 The fuel drain. from the cavity under the seat 6 continues, and the pressure in it drops to the pressure in the drain pipe 30, which is maintained at any desired level by installing a pressure reducing valve .

When the current ceases to flow into the winding of the electromagnet 18, under the action of the spring 9, the inlet shut-off element I1 opens and the drain element 13 closes. To do this, the following condition must be met:

acc.moks

+ P

etc

± 1ЕП,

four

to P

 ate Max

 j II szsd

 1i, d ,,

acc. mcss

ate Max

where dj is the diameter of the needle 13, equal to its landing diameter. From (11), taking into account (10) after transformations, we obtain

Despite the fact that during the movement of the core, both the shut-off elements of the control valve 9 are open, there is no flow of fuel from the battery to the drain, as this prevents the locking element 5 of the needle 2. As a result, the pressure in the hydro-closing chamber 8 begins to increase immediately with the start of the opening of the inlet valve 11 (if the valve 5 of the needle 2 is absent, the pressure in the pressure chamber begins to increase only after the effective inlet section at the inlet becomes greater than at the drain, for which the needles 11 and 1 3 must go through at least 50% of its stroke), the rate of increase in pressure in the hydro-suppression chamber 8 increases, and the non-productive fuel consumption for regulation is reduced to the maximum. When the pressure in the pressure chamber 8 rises to such a value that the total force of the fuel and the spring becomes greater than the force exerted on the needle 2 from the side of the sub-chamber 7, the needle 2 descends. The pumping action of the needle 2 slows down the speed of its lowering due to the increase in pressure in the sub-chamber 7 and l of a lower rate of increase in pressure in the hydro-closing chamber 8. From its saddle 6. The length of the channel 24, which communicates the sub-chamber 7 with the hydro-blocking chamber 8, must not be more than 50 mm, since the guide part of the needles of 2 nozzles has a length of 20- 45 mm. In this case, podigol 7 and hydroseal 8 chambers form a non-separable volume, the pressure at any point of which is almost the same and the negative phenomena associated with the pumping action of the needle and the hydraulic shock are excluded. After the needle is seated, the fuel injection is stopped,

Thus, the proposed nozzle provides an increase in speed.

Claims (3)

1. A nozzle for an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with a fuel channel connected to a c-battery, a spring-loaded needle, a sub-chamber connected to the fuel channel, a hydro-closing chamber located above the needle and connected to an accessory or drain pipe using control valve (its valve with an inlet shut-off element connected to the battery and an outlet shut-off element connected to the drain pipe, and a movable stop mounted between the needle and its spring, characterized in that increase in speed, the nozzle is provided with an additional zapornym.organom seat disposed between the upper end of the needle and the movable abutment to form an additional nagulina cavity, the hydro-blocking chamber communicating with the inlet locking element, and the articulating cavity with an outlet locking element, 2. The injector according to Clause I., that is, with the fact that the hydrolock chamber is equipped with a fuel displacer 3. The injector according to Claims 1 and 2, which means that the shut-off elements of the control valve are made in the form of two coaxially arranged needles, and the ort surfaces of which are in contact with each other and are made in the form of a hemisphere and a plane. ./ 27 guv 28 From 8 acc Into cylinder . "E 29 Fig.Z