SU1296238A1 - Vibrating classifier for granular materials by their limiting angle of elevation - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agriculture, m. B. used in other industries and allows to increase the accuracy and reduce the laboriousness of the classification by classifying the granular material in a single pass through the deck (D) 5. A flat D 5 installed on an elastic base 2 vibrator 3 has a bis-mechanism 4 continuous limited change the angle (Y) of its inclination to the horizon. Above the D 5 a loading device 11 is installed. The D 5 surface at the lower edge is made with a transverse protrusion 12, and the end part of the upper edge 13 is inclined under the sharp U to its upper surface. At the exit from the top edge 13 D 5, receivers 7 of classification products are installed in series along its longitudinal axis. Extreme receivers of the row are located under the edge of the 15 D 5 in the position of the maximum and minimum Y of its slope to the horizon. Set the maximum At tilt D 5, in the lower edge of the D 5 in the projections 12 serves a sample of seeds n. Under the action of vibrations, the seeds begin to move along the D 5 to the edge 13 and are distributed along it in accordance with their limit U rise. Mechanism 4 rotates D 5 downwards. Its slope and as it changes the seeds fall into acc. receivers 7. 2 c.p. f-ly, 1 ill. (C (LU from 05 y from 00

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and is intended to classify seeds according to the maximum ascent angles up the decks of vibratory separators. The invention can be used in the mining industry, industrial building materials, chemical engineering in the classification of bulk granular materials.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and reduce the complexity of the classification through the classification of a sample of granular material in a single pass through the deck.

The drawing shows a diagram of the vibration classifier.

The vibration classifier contains 5 base 1, an elastic base (compression springs) 2, a vibrating table 3, a mechanism of continuous limited variation of the deck tilt angle to the horizon 4, a flat slope

by the action of vibration, the seeds begin to move up the deck toward the upper beveled end. At the same time, seeds that have a larger limit angle rise move to the upper edge of deck 13 at a faster speed than seeds that have a lower limit angle. Thus, the seeds that have a larger marginal lift angle more quickly reach the top edge of the deck 13. From the electric motor 10, the rotational movement is also transmitted through the transmission mechanism 16 mounted on the console of the shaft of the transmission mechanism 15, while the console is fixed on the frame 1 to the mechanism continuous limited variation of the angle of inclination of deck 4, which rotates deck 5 around the axis 14 in the direction of decreasing the angle of inclination of the deck to the horizon (Fig. 1, clockwise). At the same time, the edge of deck A passes the trajectory from point AI to point A2. I get deck 5, vibration exciter 6, JQ edge of deck 13 on horizontal NICKY of classification products 7, the receiver of the longitudinal row of receivers 8 closest to the axis of rotation of the deck, the receiver of this row 9, the electric motor ten,

the plane passes from point B to point B2. Seeds move along the deck surface only in one direction, namely towards the upper edge 13, and at the same time the counter collisions of seeds are completely excluded.

loading device 11, transverse 25 Having reached the top edge of the deck, padapyst seeds at the bottom edge of the deck on its surface 12, the beveled end surface of the upper edge of deck 13, the axis of rotation of deck 14, the console of the shaft of the transmission mechanism 15, the transmission mechanism 16.

Vibrating separator works as follows.

Using mechanism 4 for a continuous limited change in the angle of inclination of the deck, the maximum angle of inclination of the deck to the horizon is established. The adaptation And delivers a sampling of seeds to the lower edge of the deck to the projection 12 over the entire width of the deck. The receivers 7 are installed on the frame 1. At the same time, the receivers are installed so that at the maximum tilt angle the projection of the upper edge of the deck AI passes through the point BI, which is in the receiver 9 closest to the axis of rotation of the deck 9. At the minimum tilt angle the projection of the upper edge of the deck A2 passes through point B2, which is located in the receiver furthest from the axis of rotation of deck 8. Deck 5 is set in oscillatory motion by vibration exciter 6, to which rotation is transmitted from the electric motor 10. Vibrational motion is transmitted 5 m deck mechanism continuously varying a limited deck inclination angle to the horizontal vibration table 4 and 3. In this case, the base 2 due to the resilient spring compression setting does not permit oscillatory motion of the transmitted frame 1 which serves for stability of the classifier. The protrusion 12 prevents the seeds from waking down. Under

by the action of vibration, the seeds begin to move up the deck toward the upper beveled end. At the same time, seeds that have a larger limit angle rise move to the upper edge of deck 13 at a faster speed than seeds that have a lower limit angle. Thus, the seeds that have a larger marginal lift angle more quickly reach the top edge of the deck 13. From the electric motor 10, the rotational movement is also transmitted through the transmission mechanism 16 mounted on the console of the shaft of the transmission mechanism 15, while the console is fixed on the frame 1 to the mechanism continuous limited variation of the angle of inclination of deck 4, which rotates deck 5 around the axis 14 in the direction of decreasing the angle of inclination of the deck to the horizon (Fig. 1, clockwise). At the same time, the edge of deck A passes the trajectory from point AI to point A2. Projections of edge B of deck 13 to horizontal

ektsi edge in deck 13 on horizontal

the plane passes from point B to point B2. Seeds move along the deck surface only in one direction, namely towards the upper edge 13, and at the same time the counter collisions of seeds are completely excluded.

Having reached the top edge of the deck, the seeds are pad0

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YTs vertically down along the normal to the horizontal surface and enter receivers 7. At the same time, seeds with a large lifting angle reach the top edge 13 faster, leave the deck and enter receivers located closer to the deck's axis of rotation. Seeds that have an average marginal angle fall into receivers located in the middle of a set of receivers. Taking into account the fact that the seeds by the average values of the limiting angles are the maximum number, the average receivers will be most filled with seeds as compared to the extreme receivers (Fig. 1). Seeds that have a minimum value of limiting angles leave the deck last and reach the receivers furthest from the axis of rotation of the deck. Such a distribution of seeds is possible due to the continuous deck rotation and a limited change in the deck tilt angle to the horizon, as well as due to the change of the deck projection on the horizontal plane with time as the deck tilt angle decreases in the longitudinal direction and the corresponding receivers installation. In this case, the end surface of the upper edge of the deck must be inclined at an acute angle and in the upper surface of the deck. If the edge of the deck is made uncompleted or skewed in the opposite direction, then when seeds reach the edge, in a short time they will not fall down, but will continue to move on the deck end, which is fraught with tamping the seeds away from Bibromaker, after

which the seeds will not fly vertically to the receivers, but will move along a parabola. Consequently, making the end of the output edge of the deck sloped toward the loading edge allows the seeds, after descending from the surface of the deck, to move vertically downwards and into the corresponding receiver.

The rate of change of the angle of inclination of the deck, i.e. the speed of its rotation, is of great importance. With a small deck, the rotational speeds of the deck will be significant overhead. With a high speed of rotation of the deck, all the seeds will not have time to get off the deck at the moment when the projection of the edge of the deck to the horizon passes through the corresponding receiver. The greater the number of seeds sampled, the limiting angles of which are to be determined, the harder it is for seeds with equal limiting angles to get into the corresponding receiver, the deck should have a lower rotation speed to ensure that seeds with equal marginal angles fall into the same receiver. Similarly, the longer the deck, the longer the seeds reach the top edge.

thus, as the deck length increases, it is necessary to reduce the deck rotation speed. Experimental studies conducted for various seeds of agricultural crops, determined the optimal value of the deck rotation speed in the form

V / (0.15-0.2) / J, / J2 deg / s;

/100

, / IUU ,.

where k V-: is the number of seeds in the sample; deck length

fc 0.3, A: 2, /

Thus, this vibration seed classifier allows to increase the accuracy of determining the limiting angles of granular materials by eliminating the possibility of oncoming shocks as they move along the deck surface, as well as beyond

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it accounts for the possibility of a larger number of classification intervals by increasing the number of receivers, without increasing the time spent on carrying out the classification. In addition, this vibration seed classifier allows to reduce the time spent on classification due to the possibility of carrying out the classification process for one seed supply per deck.

Claims (3)

1. Vibration classifier of granular materials at their limiting angle of ascent, including a vibrating table mounted on an elastic base, a flat deck with an exciter mounted on a vibrating table with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination to the horizon in the longitudinal direction, receivers of classification products on the deck descent, A boot device installed above the deck, characterized in that, in order to improve accuracy and reduce the complexity of the classification by classifying a sample of granular material, and one pass through the deck, the classifier is equipped with a mechanism for a continuous limited change of the deck inclination angle to the horizon, receivers of classification products are installed at the exit from the upper edge, and the deck surface at the lower edge is made with a transverse protrusion. 2. Classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the receivers of the classification products are installed in a row successively along the longitudinal axis of the deck, while the extreme receivers of the row are located under the upper edge of the deck in the position of the maximum and minimum angles of its inclination to the horizon. 3. A classifier according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the end surface of the b-: hnemi edge of the deck is inclined under the sharp y. / LOM to its upper surface.