SU1294319A1 - Apparatus for purifying circulating water of fish-cultural water basins - Google Patents

Description

one

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to fish farming, in particular, to devices for the purification of circulating waters of fish tanks, aquariums, ponds.

A device for purification of the circulating water of a fish-growing system is known, which includes a filter, a sump pump, supply and discharge pipelines. Contaminated water from fish tanks enters the settler, then is pumped to the filter and returned to circulation l The device’s disadvantage is the low level of purification of circulating water. The device reduces only the content of undissolved impurities, but practically does not decrease the concentration of dissolved contaminants. These contaminants accumulate in the circulating water, have a detrimental effect on the growth and condition of the fish, which leads to a sharp decrease in the performance of the systems.

A device for purification of recycled water of fish-growing systems is known, which includes a primary clarifier, an aeration tank with a denitrification zone, a secondary clarifier, a pump, a blower, water supply and discharge pipelines. The contaminated water after settling in the primary clarifier is subjected to biological purification with active sludge in the aerofoil where air is supplied. The purified water is separated from the activated silt in the secondary clarifier and returned to circulation. Activated sludge is circulated to the aeration tank to continue the biological cleaning process 21.

The drawbacks of the device are the insufficient cleaning effect, the low speed of the biological process and, as a consequence, the significant required volumes of water treatment facilities, due to the low concentration of microorganisms in free-floating activated sludge. Due to the relatively small amount of contaminated water entering the purification, the resulting sludge in the aeration tank has poor sedimentation, is poorly separated in the secondary clarifier, and is discharged from it along with purified water.

The closest to the proposed technical essence is a device consisting of a biofilter

five

0

five

five

191

with plastic film loading of the buried lower part into a settling tank with a floating filter, a pump, a mixer tank, pipelines for supplying contaminated water and draining purified water Z

The disadvantages of this device are the lack of effective purification of circulating water at high densities of fish landing (150 kg / m or more) and low productivity of frequent load changes of the mixer tank.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of water purification at high densities of fish landing and device performance.

To achieve this goal in a device for purification of circulating water in fish tanks containing a biofilter with plastic film loading, recessed with its lower part into a sump with a floating filter pump, mixer tank, pipelines for supplying polluted water and discharging purified water from the outer side of the recessed part the biofilter contains a denitrificator filled with loading and connected by a pipe with a mixing tank, and the biofilter is equipped with axially fixed with the possibility of rotation by a water distributor and air distributor - placed respectively above and below the loading of the biofilter, and silt collector placed at the bottom of the settling basin. The loading of the biofilter and the denitrifier is made of vertical polymeric film sheets, and the distance between the rows of panels in the denitrificator exceeds the distance between the rows panels in the biofilter and in the mixer tank are installed inclined partitions for sedimentation of suspended particles.

I

1a shows schematically a device, a general view.

The device consists of a biofilter 1, recessed by the lower part into a settling tank 2 with a floating tube, filter 3, a denitrificator 4 with a loading located on the outside of the recessed portion of biofilter 1, a pump 5, a mixing tank 6 with inclined partitions 7 forming the settling tank, the dispenser 8, reagents, pipelines supplying contaminated

. 25

312943

water 9, drainage 10 and sediment 11. Tank-mixer 6 is connected to denitrifier 4 by pipe 12. Biofilter 1 is equipped with a water distributor 13, an air distributor 14, a discharge valve 5 NICK 15, rotating on one axis 16 and an air duct 17, loading the denitrifier 4, a distribution pipeline 18 is located. The loading of the denitrificator 4 and the bio-0 filter 1 is made of vertical polymeric film sheets, and the distance between the rows of the panels in the denitrificator is greater than the distance between the rows of the web-lean in the biofilter.

The device works as follows.

The loaded water from the fish-breeding basins enters through the pipeline 9 into the mixing tank 6, where, when the water is settled in a thin layer between the partitions 7, a rapid sedimentation of suspended substances occurs. If necessary, adjust the pH of the water in the tank-mixer reagents are injected from the dispenser 8. The dosage of reagents is carried out automatically when the pH deviates from the limits of 6.5-7.5. Then the water is directed by the pump 5 to the upper - lower part of the biofilter 1 and is evenly distributed by the rotator,. water distributor 13 on the loading surface.

35

When water comes in contact with microorganisms attached to the loading of biofilter 1, oxidation of organic pollutants occurs, as well as partial oxidation of ammonium compounds and Q compounds. Then the water enters the filled part of biofilter 1, where deep water purification takes place, and is also completed oxidized. ammonium salts up to nitrates. 45 The air required for this process is supplied through the duct 17 and the air distributor 14. The air distributor 14 rotates on the axis 16 and aerates the entire volume of the biofilter.

In order to purify water from nitrates, a part of it from the filled biofilter enters denitrifier 4, where nitrates are reduced to free nitrogen under the action of anaerobic microorganisms fixed on the loading, which is then blown off. Needed for

25

2943

- 50 - -

- - 35

Q 45 50

194

The process of denitrification of y1-containing substances is added to denitrifier 4 from mixer tank 6 via line 18 together with the bottom. known as water. Water passing denitrifier 4 is fed through pipe 12 to mixer tank 6 and, together with contaminated water, is recycled again. The flow rate and residence time of water in the denitrificator 4, the required oxygen regime is established by means of valves on the pipe 12 and the pipe 18.0 cleaned in the biofilter 1, the water is freed from residual suspended solids and excess biomass washed from the loading of the biofilter 1 in the sump 2 and the floating filter 3, and is led off by pipeline 10 through disinfection and aeration units (not shown in the drawing) to fish tanks. The precipitate is collected by a rotating waste collector 15 and discharged through the pipeline.

eleven.

I

The loading of the biofilter and denitrificator is made of vertical panels of corrugated polymer film. The distance between the rows of the film in denitrifier 4 is greater than in biofilter 1, in order to avoid overgrowth of the load. The specific loading surface is 100–200 MVM, which is 2–4 times greater than in disk biofilters. Due to this, a high concentration of the fixed biomass is created in the biofilter and denitrifier and, accordingly, the speed of the biological process and the efficiency of purification of circulating water increase. Placing the denitrifier outside the filled biofilter allows creating optimal conditions for their flow and increasing the efficiency of water purification, reducing the non-working volumes of the device and increasing its productivity. Aeration of the biofilter intensifies the process of aerobic biological treatment and nitrification, preventing silting of the load. In the denitrifier, by adjusting the flow rate of the water coming from the biofilter and the contaminated water, the anaerobic conditions J are set up necessary for the intensive process and the required residence time

which contributes to increased process efficiency and device performance.

The design of the rotating water distributor allows you to evenly irrigate the entire surface of the loading of the biofilter and make full use of its volume. The rotation of the sprayer also achieves air distribution over the volume of the biofilter and collecting settled sludge, and these operations can be carried out sequentially. It is possible to ensure the rotation of the water and air distributors and the collector on the same axis using a special drive or flowing out of the water distributor holes 13. In the latter case, the drive is not required.

The implementation of the mixer tank 6 with inclined partitions allows the tank to maintain the function of mixing the circulating water with reagents and water from the denitrifier, to achieve in the same volume a stable removal of suspensions (60-70%) and reduce the load on the biofilter, increasing

Editor P.Geershi Order 405/1

Compiled by T. Krptseva

Tehred A. Kravchuk Corrector V. But ha

Circulation 630 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

thereby its effectiveness and performance.

The layout of all the cleaning units: in a single unit, allows eliminating intermediate water solvents, significantly reducing the area occupied by the device. The device is easy to use, requires little power. As shown by the tests of the proposed device, the efficiency of purification of circulating water in it is increased by 15-20% in tons of ammonium nitrogen, BBC and nitrites, and by 40-50% in nitrates compared to the prototype. Due to the intensification of the cleaning processes and the elimination of non-working areas, the water residence time in the device is reduced by 30%, increased productivity decreases the required volume of construction.

The application of the proposed device allows increasing the productivity of growing fish by 20-25% due to the quality of purified water, reducing the construction costs of the cleaning unit by 1.5 times and achieving an economic effect of 100-150 thousand rubles. per enterprise with a capacity of 250 tons of fish per year.

Claims (3)

1. DEVICE FOR CLEANING WATER TURNING OF FISHING POOLS, containing a biofilter with a plastic film loading, recessed into the sump with a floating filter, a pump, a mixing tank, contaminated water supply and purified water pipes, characterized in that, in order to increase water treatment efficiency at high densities of the fish head and device performance ✓ from the outside! The deepened part of the biofilter contains a denitrifier, filled with a load and connected by a pipe to the mixer tank, and the biofilter is equipped with a water distributor and an air distributor mounted on the same axis, rotatable, located above and below the biofilter loading and silt collector, located at the bottom of the sump. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the loading of the biofilter and denitrifier is made of vertical panels of polymer film, and the distance between the rows of panels in the denitrifier exceeds the distance between the rows of panels in the biofilter. 3. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the inclined partitions for settling suspended particles are installed in the mixing tank.