KR100468997B1 - Wastewater Treatment Plant with Upflow Anaerobic Reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus, and more specifically, a water tank; Acquisition means for introducing wastewater into the inner bottom of the tank; A discharge unit installed inside the tank to discharge the supernatant from the tank by the amount of waste water supplied when the internal water level of the tank reaches the discharge level; A barrier installed inside the tank so as to be positioned below the discharge level of the tank to smoothly discharge the supernatant and to suppress sludge discharge; It relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge suppression type upflow anaerobic reactor comprising a.

According to this configuration, contaminants such as hardly decomposable substances, toxic substances, nutrients, and heavy metals can be biologically treated in the upflow anaerobic reactor, and the sludge concentration of the upstream anaerobic reactor is maintained at a high concentration to maintain the sludge concentration of the upstream anaerobic reactor. The volume of can be made small. In particular, if the sludge concentration of the upflow anaerobic reactor is maintained at a high concentration, the concentration tank of the wastewater treatment plant can be omitted, so that the construction site and operation cost of the wastewater treatment plant can be significantly reduced.

In addition, in the wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention, an immobilized microbial reaction tank may be employed as a nitriding tank (denitrification tank) instead of the conventional activated sludge reaction tank.

According to this configuration, ① microorganisms with a very low specific growth rate can also be present in the immobilized microbial reactor, thereby increasing the diversity of microbial layers involved in the purification, and consequently the wastewater can be highly treated. In addition, ② nitrification bacteria and denitrification bacteria with a low specific growth rate can be stably propagated to increase the nitrogen removal rate of the wastewater. In addition, ③ even if there is a large fluctuation in the amount and quality of the wastewater, the water quality of the finally treated wastewater does not have much effect, there is an advantage that the solid-liquid separation is good because of the large number of microorganisms.

Description

Wastewater Treatment Plant with Sludge Emission Controlled Upflow Anaerobic Reactor {Wastewater Treatment Plant with Upflow Anaerobic Reactor}

In the present invention, by installing a barrier in an upflow anaerobic reactor having a structure or by installing a sludge leveler together with the barrier, various contaminants in the wastewater (refractory substances, toxic substances, nutrients, heavy metals, etc.) are microorganisms. The sludge leveler is used to ferment, decompose, or denitrate, and the sludge level or sludge amount in the upflow anaerobic reactor can be maintained at a constant level by using a sludge leveler. It is about.

In addition, the present invention employs an immobilized microbial reaction tank as a nitriding tank instead of the conventional activated sludge reaction tank, so that the wastewater can be highly purified by various kinds of microorganisms, and the quality of organic nitrogen and / or ammonia nitrogen contained in the wastewater. The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus that enables the regeneration rate to be significantly improved so that the quality of treated wastewater discharged at a constant level can be maintained even when the quantity of water and the quality of the wastewater change.

In general, wastewater contains nutrients, hardly decomposables, toxic substances, heavy metals, and the like, which are treated as 1) biological methods for the treatment of wastewater containing organic compounds, and 2) hardly degradable substances and toxicity. There are physical and chemical methods for treating wastewater, including materials and heavy metals.

Among these, 1) As a representative biological method used for the removal of organic matter, as shown in Figure 7, using the wastewater treatment device consisting of the first settling tank 10, the aeration tank 20 and the final settling tank 30 (standard ) There is activated sludge method.

However, according to the conventional activated sludge method, the sludge concentration in the initial settling tank 10 is 5,000 to 15,000 mg / L, there is a disadvantage that a thickening tank (not shown) for the post-treatment of the sludge is required.

In addition, since the sludge concentration of the aeration tank 20 is about 1,500 to 3,000 mg / L, there is a problem that the wastewater treatment efficiency in the final sedimentation tank 30 is lowered.

In addition, the conventional activated sludge method has a disadvantage in that sludge bulking occurs when the water quality and the flow rate of the influent change, so that the quality of the effluent is deteriorated.

2) On the other hand, there are anaerobic / aerobic methods of removing nitrogen and phosphorus by the action of microorganisms by arranging an aerobic reaction tank supplying air (oxygen) and an anaerobic reaction tank not supplying air in a row.

However, since the anaerobic / aerobic method employs a completely mixed reactor (waste water treatment tank), it is difficult to maintain a high concentration of microorganisms inside the reactor, and it is difficult to maintain the inside of the reactor in a complete anaerobic state when denitrification or phosphorus is released. There is a problem. In addition, due to these problems, various restrictions were followed in designing the reactor, and the operation mode was very complicated, so that the system was not performed unattended.

3) In contrast, the treatment of malignant wastewater containing hardly decomposable substances, toxic substances, and heavy metals used a combination of both physical and chemical methods and biological methods.

However, in the complex method, since a large amount of chemicals are consumed to adsorb or oxidize contaminants such as heavy metals, there is a problem in that the operating cost of the system is increased.

In addition, the biological method of removing heavy metals using sulfur-reducing bacteria is a novice step in practical use, and the secondary process has to be carried out because the toxic intermediates are generated in the wastewater treatment process. There is a problem that the operating cost is further increased because it must be maintained in the range.

As described above, according to the conventional wastewater treatment method, ① from an economic point of view, there was a problem that the cost of treating organic wastewater including hardly decomposable substances / toxic substances / nutrients / heavy metals was excessively expensive, and ② in terms of water quality Disadvantages were that wastewater was not completely treated and that intermediate treatment was required, requiring secondary treatment.

In addition, ③ the operation method of the wastewater treatment system (system) is very complicated, and automatic operation and unmanned automation of the system is impossible.

The present invention provides an upflow anaerobic reaction tank by installing a sludge leveler in the upflow anaerobic reactor for the measurement of obstacles (barriers) and sludge concentration to suppress external leakage of sludge and to smoothly discharge the supernatant (treated water). It is an object of the present invention to provide a wastewater treatment apparatus capable of significantly reducing the construction cost and operating cost of a wastewater treatment facility (apparatus) by making it possible to reduce the size of the wastewater treatment plant as well as to reduce the size of the wastewater treatment plant.

In addition, the present invention employs an immobilized microbial reaction tank instead of an activated sludge reaction tank to convert organic nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater into nitrate nitrogen, so that various kinds of bacteria and / or microorganisms are involved in the wastewater treatment, thereby allowing wastewater to be treated. It can be highly clean, high nitrogen removal rate of wastewater, and even if there are big fluctuations in the quantity and quality of the wastewater, the water quality of the finally discharged treated water can be maintained at a constant level, and the solid-liquid separation is large due to the large number of microorganisms. The purpose is to provide a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge inhibiting upflow anaerobic reactor that can suppress the formation of toxic intermediates in the wastewater treatment process.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge inhibiting upflow anaerobic reaction tank in which wastewater treatment is performed automatically.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a wastewater treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 shows a wastewater treatment apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

6A-6C illustrate barriers of various embodiments in accordance with the present invention.

7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional wastewater treatment apparatus.

[Description of Drawing Reference]

10 ... first settling tank, 20 ... aeration tank,

30 ... final settling tank, 100 ... upflow anaerobic reactor,

110 tanks, 120 tanks,

130 water outlet, 140 barrier,

150 stirring means, 200 activated sludge reactors,

300 ... fixed microbial reactor, 310 ... ciliary microbial carrier,

320.rotating disc microbial carrier, 330 biofilter microbial carrier,

340 ... flat microbial carriers, 400 ... final treatment tanks,

The present invention for solving the above technical problem is characterized in that a barrier is installed inside the upflow anaerobic reaction tank forming the wastewater treatment device to facilitate the discharge of the supernatant and to suppress the discharge of the sludge.

In addition, the present invention by installing a sludge leveler in addition to the barrier in the upflow anaerobic reactor, characterized in that the sludge concentration or amount inside the upflow anaerobic reactor is always maintained at a constant level.

The upflow anaerobic reaction tank, the tank; Acquisition means for introducing wastewater into the inner bottom of the tank; A discharge unit installed inside the tank to discharge the supernatant from the tank by the amount of the waste water supplied when the internal water level reaches the discharge water level; Can have

In addition, the upflow anaerobic reaction tank of the present invention may further have a stirring means for mixing the waste water introduced into the tank through the acquisition means and sludge containing various microorganisms evenly so that the waste water biologically purified by the microorganism, It may further have a drain means for discharging the contaminated sludge sinking to or near the bottom of the tank, the sludge precipitated to the bottom of the tank by biological reaction and gravity, the center of the tank or upflow anaerobic reactor It may further have a sludge recruitment means (scraper) to attract to the vicinity.

In addition, the upflow anaerobic reaction tank of the present invention, when the sludge is attached to the barrier surface can not function or periodically clean the inside of the tank, to remove the sludge attached to the inner wall or the barrier surface of the tank to discharge to the outside It may further have a sludge removal means.

The water tank is preferably a part of the bottom surface is inclined or the bottom portion is formed in the hopper so that the sludge can be easily discharged, the plan view may be circular or polygonal. In addition, as a constituent material of the water tank, a material excellent in corrosion resistance and water resistance (water resistance) is preferable.

The acquisition means may be a conventional pipe or a pipe body having a plurality of holes formed in the wall surface of the pipe or a pipe body in the form of a combination of the pipe and the hole pipe, as shown in Figure 1 through / below the side wall of the tank It may be installed or submerged in the inner center of the tank (see Korean Patent No. 287412), or the one disclosed in the present application Patent No. 2001-3148 can be used.

The water outlet may be a pipe or a weir formed with a protruding jaw around a central outlet as shown in FIG. 1.

The barrier is formed by inclining a plurality of drain holes 145 at a predetermined angle θ on the surface of the plate body having the same planar shape as that of the water tank as shown in FIG. 6B or as shown in FIG. 6C. Fill the floating media 149 in the support 148 in which the plurality of perforations 147 are formed in the lower part, or as shown in FIG. It is preferable to directly install the inclined by a predetermined angle (θ) with respect to the inner surface of the fixed or fixed to the edge of the predetermined shape. More preferably, the upper end or the upper end of the barrier is located within a range not exceeding the upper end of the water extraction means.

Further, a plurality of barriers may be stacked upside down or inclined in opposite directions.

It is preferable that the barrier has a width (thickness) of 5 to 20% of the total height of the water tank, and the inclination angle θ is within the range of 30 ° to 75 °, and particularly close to 60 °. good.

On the other hand, when the barrier is the porous plate shown in Fig. 6B, the separation distance between the drain holes is inversely proportional to the flow rate. This rule is similarly applied to the case where the barrier is a plate in the form of a straight band.

In addition, when the shape of the barrier is as shown in FIG. 6C, it is preferable to limit the size of the permeable hole 147 so that the floating media 149 filled in the support 148 does not escape to the outside.

According to this configuration, the supernatant can easily be discharged through the barrier, but the sludge present in the colloidal state or the solid state collides with the inclined surface of the barrier or the surface of the floating media and settles or precipitates at the bottom of the tank, or Sticking out, the external discharge of sludge can be suppressed.

Therefore, the technical problem of the present invention can be achieved by suppressing the discharge of sludge to maintain the sludge concentration inside the upflow anaerobic reactor at a high concentration, and further reduce the size of the upflow anaerobic reactor, as well as omit the concentration tank of the wastewater treatment plant. It is possible to significantly reduce the construction cost and operating cost of the wastewater treatment plant (apparatus).

Further, in the wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention, instead of the conventional activated sludge reaction tank, an immobilized microbial reaction tank may be employed as the nitriding tank.

The immobilized microbial reaction tank includes a water tank having a predetermined volume, as shown in FIGS. Various types on the surface, such as cilia-like microbial carriers (see FIG. 2), rotating disc-shaped microbial carriers (see FIG. 3), biofilter-type microbial carriers (see FIG. 4), and plate-like microbial carriers (see FIG. 5). It may consist of a microbial carrier (biofilm) in which the microorganisms of.

According to this configuration, microorganisms with very low specific growth rate can also be present in the immobilized microbial reactor, thereby increasing the diversity of microbial layers involved in the purification and consequently the wastewater can be highly treated. In addition, nitrogen nitride and / or denitrification bacteria with low specific growth rate can be stably propagated to increase the nitrogen removal rate, and even if there is a large change in the amount and quality of the wastewater, the water quality of the finally treated wastewater does not appear much. The number of microorganisms will increase, and the solid-liquid separation will be good.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a wastewater treatment apparatus according to the basic concept and preferred embodiment of the present invention.

First, before describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, ① of the term used throughout the present specification is defined as "supernatant" to be a relatively clean purified wastewater collected at the upper side of the upflow anaerobic reactor, and ② "emission level". Is defined as the point where the top of the outlet means installed in the upflow anaerobic reactor is located.

Basic Concepts: Example 1

1 is a schematic configuration diagram briefly showing the wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention.

As shown in the drawings, the wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a newly designed upflow anaerobic reactor (100); Activated sludge reaction tank 200 having a conventional structure; And a final treatment tank 400.

Wastewater introduced into the inner lower end of the water tank 110 through the water supply means 120 which penetrates the side wall of the upflow anaerobic reaction tank 100 is gradually purified through a biological reaction with the sludge (S) of the water tank. You will climb towards the top. In other words, the level of the upflow anaerobic reactor is gradually increased, and the increase of the level continues until the surface of the wastewater (internal surface) reaches the water extraction unit 130.

At this time, since sufficient oxygen is supplied near the lower end of the upflow anaerobic reaction tank 100 in which the acquisition means 120 is installed, the wastewater is mainly purified by the action of aerobic bacteria and / or microorganisms, In the upper side where the means 130 is installed, the wastewater is mainly purified by anaerobic bacteria and / or microorganisms. It also denitrates the nitrates in the wastewater and decomposes other contaminants under fermentation or anaerobic atmosphere.

Subsequently, when the internal water level of the tank reaches the installation position of the barrier 140, sludge raised toward the upper end of the tank together with the waste water due to swelling of the sludge sticks to the surface of the barrier or hits the surface of the bottom of the tank. Settles. Therefore, in the past, the sludge discharged to the activated sludge reaction tank together with the supernatant water at the top of the tank is not discharged at all in the present invention.

On the other hand, the sludge leveler SL installed below the barrier continuously checks the amount of sludge in the tank and transmits the result to a controller (not shown). If exceeded, excess is discharged through the drain means 170.

Thereafter, the supernatant discharged to the activated sludge reaction tank 200 through the above process is more highly treated in the activated sludge reaction tank, and the sludge recovered from the downstream final treatment tank 400 is returned to the activated sludge reaction tank. The supernatant is discharged to the river and the like through the pipe.

However, according to such a configuration, since nitrogen nitride bacteria having a relatively low specific growth rate among the microorganisms in the activated sludge reactor continue to flow out to the outside, the nitrogen removal rate of the wastewater may decrease gradually depending on the operation time. .

In addition, the removal efficiency of BOD and the like may fluctuate significantly according to the temperature of the incoming wastewater. Especially, when the BOD falls below 50 to 60 mg / l, floc production rate is low and transparently treated wastewater is removed. There is a disadvantage that cannot be obtained.

However, these problems can be completely overcome by the wastewater treatment apparatus disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention described below.

Example 2

Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the wastewater treatment apparatus of this embodiment includes an upflow anaerobic reactor 100 having a barrier 140; An immobilized microbial reactor (300) employed instead of the conventional activated sludge reactor; Final treatment tank; And a sludge conveying line; It is configured to include.

The upflow anaerobic reaction tank 100 includes a conventional water tank 110; Acquisition means (120) for introducing waste water into the tank; Water discharge means (130) for discharging the supernatant water from the water tank by the amount of the oversupplyed waste water when the water level of the waste water reaches the discharge water level; A barrier 140 installed inside the tank so as to be positioned below the discharge level of the tank to smoothly discharge the supernatant while suppressing the discharge of sludge; Stirring means 150 for evenly mixing the waste water and the sludge; And a sludge leveler SL for measuring the amount of sludge; It is made, including.

In the present embodiment, the acquisition means 120 penetrates the lower portion of the side wall of the upflow anaerobic reactor 100 to introduce the sludge and waste water returned from the final settling tank 400 to the inner bottom of the upstream anaerobic reactor 100. Is installed, and a predetermined watering means (inflow device of Korean Patent No. 287412) is connected to the end of the acquisition means is located in the inner lower portion of the upflow anaerobic reactor (100).

However, as disclosed in the above-mentioned patent application No. 2001-3148 of the present inventors, it is also possible to use a means for obtaining inflow / distribution of wastewater from the top to the bottom by the rotary distribution device.

The above-mentioned watering means (not shown) is a kind of perforated pipe mentioned above, and the size of the hole formed on the surface of the pipe is preferably a predetermined size or more so as not to block the hole by sludge. It is better to use this excellent stainless steel or anticorrosive coating.

The water extraction means 130 is located on the upflow anaerobic reaction tank 100 of the present invention, the radially shaped weir (wier) formed with a protruding jaw around the central outlet so that the supernatant discharged to the outside can be evenly discharged It is.

The stirring means 150 is configured to have about 3 to 6 stirring blades per reaction tank at a uniform interval of about 50 to 100 cm on the rotating shaft draped in the inner center of the upflow anaerobic reaction tank, to prevent the sludge drifting In addition, wastewater and sludge were continuously contacted so that biological reactions (fermentation) by microorganisms could occur actively under anaerobic conditions. According to this configuration, it is possible to efficiently purify the organic wastewater including hardly degradable substances / toxic substances / nutrients in the wastewater introduced into the upflow anaerobic reactor (100).

In addition, the lower portion of the tank 110 is provided with a sludge recruitment means 160 for collecting the sludge collected in the center, the sludge collected by the sludge recruitment means is periodically or whenever necessary or sludge leveler ( The control unit is automatically discharged to the outside by controlling the drain means 170 and the sludge discharge pump 500 formed on the bottom of the tank 110 by the signal transmitted by the SL.

In addition, in the present invention, it is possible to separately install an inflow means for obtaining only wastewater and an inflow means for introducing sludge but separately in an upflow anaerobic reactor.

In addition, in the present invention, by employing a plurality of upflow anaerobic reaction tank 100 and the immobilized microorganism reaction tank 300 to be described later can be connected in series or in parallel.

In the present embodiment, the immobilized microbial reaction tank 300 is configured by installing a ciliated microbial carrier 310 having microorganisms fixed therein in a conventional water tank.

Here, as the ciliated microbial carrier 310, a carrier having a single structure or a complex structure may be employed, and any form such as a ciliated shape or a film shape may be applied in terms of form. In addition, the diffuser shown circularly in the immobilized microbial reactor does not need to be installed depending on the characteristics of the microorganism.

Meanwhile, 2002. 07. 03 ~ 2002. The water treatment performance of the wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment was tested for inflow water (wastewater) of the Daejeon Metropolitan City sewage treatment plant for about 30 days until 08. 01.

The operating conditions during the test period are as follows.

Operating conditions

* Throughput: 200ℓ / day ~ 430ℓ / day

* Return rate: 230% ~ 400%

* 1-day residence time: ① Upflow anaerobic reactor-5.5 hours

② Immobilized Microbial Reactor-8.0 hours

③ final treatment tank-3.0 hours

* How to operate:

① Only the filtrate discharged from the upflow anaerobic reactor is introduced into the immobilized microbial reactor by adjusting the amount of sludge in the upflow anaerobic reactor (or the upstream multilayer bioreactor).

② Perform only external transfer from the final treatment tank to the upflow anaerobic reactor without internal circulation.

Experiment result

⑴ initial

During the five days from July 3 to July 7, the wastewater treatment apparatus of this example was operated with a raw water (wastewater) throughput of 200 l / day and a return rate of 400%.

During this period, the nitrification rate in the immobilized microbial reactor was more than 60%, and the denitrification rate in the upflow anaerobic reactor gradually improved to 34% on the last day of July 7.

⑵ adaptor

The wastewater treatment apparatus of this example was operated with raw water throughput of 430 L / day and return rate of 230% for 12 days from July 8 to July 19.

The nitrification rate of the immobilized microbial reactor and the denitrification rate of the upflow anaerobic reactor decreased by about 10% for 3 days immediately after the change of operating conditions. It became.

⑶ Normal operation

After July 20, the wastewater treatment apparatus of the present embodiment entered the normal operation state. During the period from this day to August 1, the inventors determined the quality of raw water and the quality of treated water discharged from the final treatment tank. After the detection, the comparison table was obtained as shown in Table 1 below.

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that BOD / COD / SS / TN is removed to a high level of 95%, 90%, 98%, and 80% during the normal operation period.

On the other hand, in order to confirm that the effective denitrification and nitrification occurs in the wastewater treatment apparatus of this embodiment, the behavior of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the immobilized microbial reaction tank was examined.

As referred to in Table 2, during normal operation, the nitrification and denitrification rates were maintained at high levels of about 80% and 88%.

Here, the nitrification rate and the denitrification rate shown in Table 2 were calculated by the following equation, and especially when the denitrification rate was calculated, the conveyed amount was also taken into account.

* Calculation formula of nitrification rate

* Formula of Denitrification Rate

Example 3

Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.

Similarly to Example 2, the wastewater treatment apparatus of this embodiment includes an upflow anaerobic reactor 100 having a barrier 140; Immobilized microbial reactor (300); The final processing tank 400 is comprised.

In the figure, the upflow anaerobic reactor 100 of this embodiment is the same as the upflow anaerobic reactor of the second embodiment.

On the other hand, in the immobilized microbial reactor 300 of the present embodiment, unlike the second embodiment, a rotating disk-shaped microbial carrier (RBC: Rotating Biological Contactor 320) is installed in a rotatable form in the tank.

According to this configuration, since the microorganisms attached to the rotating disk-shaped microbial carrier 320 is supplied with sufficient air from the atmosphere, there is no need to separately install aeration means (aeration means) inside the immobilized microbial reaction tank 300.

In addition, as in the second embodiment, the organic nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen are converted into nitrate nitrogen in the immobilized microbial reaction tank 300 and are returned to the upflow anaerobic reactor through the conveying line together with the sludge returned from the final treatment tank. Denitrification / decomposition / fermentation.

Example 4

Figure 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, omitting the upflow anaerobic reactor shown in Figure 1 is shown.

In this embodiment, the upflow anaerobic reactor and the final treatment tank have the same configuration as that shown in FIG.

However, the immobilized microbial reaction tank 300 of this embodiment includes a conventional water tank; A biofilter type microbial carrier 330 installed in the tank; It is configured in the form including a spray pipe 336 and / or diffuser 335 positioned between the tank and the biofilter microbial carrier. Here, one end of the watering pipe is connected to the outlet means of the upflow anaerobic reactor (100).

Therefore, the wastewater in the primary treatment state is introduced into the lower part of the immobilized microbial reaction tank through the spraying pipe 336, and as time passes, the internal water level gradually increases, and eventually, the primary treatment state discharged from the spraying pipe 336. Some of the wastewater is discharged to the downstream final treatment tank via the biofilter-type microbial carrier 330.

Meanwhile, the wastewater and the microorganism react while the wastewater in the first treatment state passes through the biofilter-type microbial carrier so that the organic nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen dissolved in the wastewater are converted to nitrate nitrogen and removed as in the third embodiment. .

Example 5

5 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in which an immobilized microbial reactor is a conventional water tank; Flat microbial carrier 340; The configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment except that the water pipe 346 and the diffuser 345 are configured.

Therefore, in the wastewater treatment apparatus of the fifth embodiment, the action and function of each component are the same / similar to the other embodiments described above, and the effects are similar.

As described above, the wastewater treatment apparatus having the sludge discharge suppression type upflow anaerobic reaction tank of the present invention is almost completely treated with various kinds of microorganisms because organic wastewater including hardly decomposable substances, toxic substances and nutrients, It can be processed efficiently and cleaner.

Hereinafter, a process of treating wastewater in the wastewater treatment apparatus of this embodiment will be described in detail.

Stage 1: Wastewater Inflow

Organic wastewater containing hardly decomposable substances and toxic substances and nutrients such as nitrogen or phosphorus is introduced into the upflow anaerobic reactor 100 through the acquisition means 120, and then upstream anaerobic reactor through the spraying means (not shown). 10) Emitted evenly on the inner bottom.

Second Step: Biological Treatment (Fermentation)

In order to more efficiently purify the wastewater introduced into the upflow anaerobic reactor 100 in the first step, the treated water containing the returned activated sludge or nitrate nitrogen is introduced into the upflow anaerobic reactor. At this time, the activated sludge may be introduced through the inflow means of the inflow of waste water or may be introduced through different inflow means. Then, the agitating means 150 cast in the upflow anaerobic reactor 100 is rotated at a low speed of 3 to 20 rpm or a circumferential speed of 1 to 10 m / min so that the biological treatment reaction occurs in the upflow anaerobic reactor. Contact the sludge with.

At this time, in order to more efficiently purify organic wastewater such as hardly decomposable substances, toxic substances, nutrients, heavy metals, etc., ① the first treatment wastewater (reaction water) in the upflow anaerobic reactor 100 is activated sludge in the following process Aeration and aeration to the reactor 200, ② inflow to another upflow anaerobic reactor 100 and then treated twice in the same conditions as before, or ③ inflow into the immobilized microbial reactor can be subjected to biological secondary treatment. have.

In this case, the stirring means 150 may increase the number of times of contact between the sludge and the waste water, or increase the contact area, thereby preventing a more active reaction. However, a short circuit phenomenon of the inflow mixture generated due to the high concentration of the sludge may be prevented. . On the other hand, if the rotational speed of the stirring means is less than 3 rpm or the circumferential speed is less than 1m / min, there is a problem that a short circuit phenomenon does not occur enough reaction, if the 20 rpm or circumferential speed exceeds 10m / min, complete mixing There is a disadvantage that cannot take advantage of the extrusion reactor.

Stage 3: outflow into activated sludge reactor or immobilized microbial reactor

After performing the second step process, some sludge precipitated on the bottom of the upflow anaerobic reactor is drawn to the sludge recruitment means 160 and discharged through the sludge discharge pump 500.

On the other hand, the sludge in the supernatant flowing out through the water extraction means 130 is not discharged to the outside by the obstruction of the barrier 140 remains in the upflow anaerobic reactor.

Fourth Step: Oxidation and / or Denitrification

The wastewater discharged in the third stage is introduced into the immobilized microbial reactor 300, which is one of the main features of the present invention, and undergoes a second biological treatment. That is, a number of organic substances contained in the waste water by a variety of which are attached to the carrier 310 of the immobilized microorganism reaction vessel shown in bacteria or microorganisms, such as aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria activity is oxidation / decomposition H ₂ O Or inorganic matters such as CO ₂ , or ammonia nitrogen or organic nitrogen is converted to nitrate nitrogen by nitriding bacteria or the like.

5th step: pure water separation and sludge return

The purified wastewater (reaction water) from the fourth stage is transferred to the final treatment tank 400, and the pure water is separated / discharged separately, and the sludge precipitated by gravity is returned to the upflow anaerobic reactor or dewatering tank, etc. To the sludge reducer.

On the other hand, in the upflow anaerobic reactor / fixed microbial reactor of the present invention, Nitrosomonas / Nitrobacter / Denitrifier / Sulfate reducing bacteria / Sudomonas (Pseudomonas) / Achromobacter / Achromobacter / Aerhorbacter / Micrococcus / Bacillus / Proteus / Flavobacterium / Acinetobacter / Acinetobacter / Corinbactera Corium (Corynebacterium) and Mycobacterium (Mycobacterium) and bacteria such as nitride / denitrification bacteria / ammonia oxidizing bacteria / nitrite oxidizing bacteria can be used.

As described above, in the wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention, the discharge of the supernatant is smoothly suppressed by the action of the barrier and the sludge is suppressed, so that the sludge concentration inside the upflow anaerobic reactor can be maintained at a high concentration. The size of the reactor can be reduced, as well as the concentration tank in the wastewater treatment plant can be omitted, and the construction cost and operation cost of the wastewater treatment plant can be greatly reduced.

In addition, the present invention employs an immobilized microbial reaction tank instead of an activated sludge reaction tank, various kinds of bacteria and / or microorganisms involved in the waste water purification can be advanced treatment of the waste water, high nitrogen removal rate of the waste water, Even if there is a large change in the water quality, the water quality of the finally treated wastewater does not have much effect, and the number of microorganisms is high, so that the solid-liquid separation is good, and it is possible to suppress the formation of toxic intermediates in the wastewater treatment process.

In particular, the sludge exists only in the upflow anaerobic reactor, making it easy to maintain and operate the system or device, prolong the life of the pump blower or pipe, and reduce the operating energy and the amount of surplus sludge. There is.

Claims (14)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete In the wastewater treatment device consisting of a plurality of reaction tanks including an upflow anaerobic reactor, An immobilized microbial reactor is disposed at the rear of the upflow anaerobic reactor to allow the supernatant discharged from the upflow anaerobic reactor into the immobilized microbial reactor. The upflow anaerobic reactor water tank; Acquisition means for introducing wastewater into the inner bottom of the tank; A discharge unit installed inside the tank to discharge the supernatant from the tank by the amount of the waste water supplied when the internal level of the tank reaches the discharge level; And A barrier installed inside the tank so as to be positioned below the discharge level of the tank to smoothly discharge the supernatant and to suppress sludge discharge; Wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge suppression type upflow anaerobic reaction tank comprising a. The method of claim 8, The immobilized microbial reactor Wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge inhibiting upflow anaerobic reaction tank characterized in that the nitride or denitrifying bacteria attached to the carrier or the surface of the composite carrier. The method of claim 9, The carrier is a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge inhibiting upflow anaerobic reaction tank, characterized in that the ciliary microbial carrier. The method of claim 9, The carrier is a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge inhibiting upflow anaerobic reaction tank, characterized in that the rotating disc-shaped microbial carrier. The method of claim 9, The carrier is a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge inhibiting upflow anaerobic reaction tank, characterized in that the biofilter microbial carrier. The method of claim 9, The carrier is a wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge inhibiting upflow anaerobic reaction tank, characterized in that the plate-like microbial carrier. The method of claim 8, A wastewater treatment apparatus having a sludge discharge suppression type upflow anaerobic reaction tank, characterized in that a final treatment tank is disposed behind the immobilized microbial reaction tank.