SU1283801A1 - Sweeping converter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to amplifying devices with a pulse width conversion signal and can be used in analog computers. The purpose of the invention. This is an increase in reliability and noise immunity. A sweep converter contains adders 1, 2, 3, a group of an odd number of relay elements, a group of additional integrators, a main integrator 4. In the converter, the sweep at the output of the third adder 2 is formed as a result of the addition of slower ramp-up signals. Therefore, the required frequency of self-oscillations can be achieved without reducing the constant time of the integrators 4, 5 (-5k, and by increasing their number, 5 Il.

Description

FIG. one

The invention relates to amplifying devices with pulse-width signal conversion and can be used in analog computing machines.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of work and noise immunity.

Figure 1 shows the functional diagram of the scan converter; Figures 2–5 show temporal diagrams of 10 signals.

In Fig. 1, the first adder 1, the third adder 2, the second adder 3, the main integrator 4, the group of additional integrators 5, 5 5j,.,. 5 5, a group of relay elements 6, 6, ... , bg ,, input 7 and output 8.

In Figures 2-5, x (t) is the signal at input 7; .),) ui (t output signals of the main 20 integrator 4 and additional integrators 51, Ypi (t), Yp2 (t), Ypj (t) - output signals of relay elements b, 63, 63 pn (t) - output signal 8.

The relay elements b, ..., 6 have a non-inverting hysteresis loop and zero-level symmetrical switching thresholds 5: B (where, 2, ..., p.30

Suppose that 1BJ lB2l ... . The output signal of the relay elements 6i, ..., bg varies discretely within ± A / n. When considering the principle of action, we put that. a 35 input signal transfer ratio is 1 „

The sweep converter works as follows.

40

Suppose that at the initial instant of time the relay elements 6i, 6, 6j are in the state A / A / 3 (Fig. 2cG, b, d). In this case, an output A is generated at the output 8 (Fig. 2), 45 under the action of which the signals at the outputs of the main and additional integrators 4, 5, 52 change in the negative direction (Fig. 2E, 6,). The signal at the output of the third sum 50 of matrix 2 (Fig. 2a) is the sum of the signals acting on its inputs (Fig. 2E, e, ") and is designed to control the switching times of the relay elements b, 6, 63. 55 V time tj relay reaction 6 having switching thresholds iB-t ,, switches to state A / 3 (Fig. 2a., 15) j, which entails a decrease in the amplitude of the signal at the output 8 (Fig. 2) and a decrease in the rate of change of the sweeps at the outputs of the main and additional integrators 4, 5, 5 (Fig. 2o, E ,, e, n). At time t J, the relay element Gg goes into the negative state (Fig. 2b), and the output signals of the relay elements 6- and 6z cancel each other out (Fig. 2b, 2.). At this orientation of the relay | Hole elements ends and is set stable self-oscillation mode. After changing the value of the signal on the output of the relay element 62 (FIG. 2b), the amplitude of the output signal .8 has a negative sign (FIG. 2) and the sweep of the integrators 4, 5i, 5g (FIG. 2c1, E, 0, w ) increase in the positive direction until the switching element of the relay element b. and changes in the sign of the signal at the output 8. (FIG. 2 5). In the future, the process periodically repeats, the integrators 4, 5z and the relay element 6 operate in a stable self-oscillation mode, the relay elements 6, 63 are in opposite states, and the output 8 produces a square wave signal with an average zero value,

Suppose that at time tg (Fig. 2), the signal at output 8 changed abruptly to level x (t) -,

then, in one of the self-oscillation half-periods, the rate of change of the signals at the outputs of the integrators 4,, 5 is determined by the difference in effects at the inputs of the first sug-1mator 1 (fig, 2, d., Q y gn) and in the adjacent half-period, the sum of these influences. As a result, at output 8, the average value of the signal is proportional to the magnitude of the signal at input 7.

Consider the mode of formation of a multi-band frequency-width-pulse signal (Fig. 3).

Suppose that at the time point (fig. 3d) the signal at input 7 was changed to the value TK | x (t). Considering that the resulting signal at the output of the first adder 1 turned out to be negative, the sweep Yj. (T) increases in the positive direction until time t, when relay element 6 switches to

 (fig.3ct ,, fe), with the signs of the signals

at the outputs of the relay elements 6, 6. bd coincide (Fig. 36, b, and) and a pulse of maximum amplitude is formed at output 8 (fig. 3d), which leads to a change in the sign of the derived signal at the outputs of the integrators 4, 5i, 5g and the third adder 2 (FIG. Pro). After the reorientation of the relay element 6 (fig.Z) re-emerges, the regime of stable self-oscillations reappears (fig.ZS1, b), the signal at the output 8 passes into. the second modulation zone, which is filled with a stream of pulses from the output of the relay element (Fig. 3 (5, e).

Assumed that, at time point to2 (Fig.ZE), the sign of the signal at input 7 changed to the opposite. Then, due to the sequential reorientation of 1I of the relay elements 6, 65, occurring at the moment of time t,, t. (Fig. 3a, b, 2), the signal at output 8 will go to the second modulation zone of the fourth quadrant (Fig. 3d), and the self-oscillation resolution will again be installed in the paths of the integrator 4, 5i, Sg and the relay element 6 (Fig. 3a, 5).

When the signal at input 7 changes to the level of the first modulation zone (FIG. 35, moment of time), the relay

element 6 switches to state 30 i 2 of relay elements b (Fig. 3b, point in time), which is opposite to the state of relay element b (Fig. 31). As a result, the signal at the output 8 is formed in succession, is transferred to the idle state (Fig. 3a, (5, b) 5 at the exit 8) returns to the n modulation zone (Fig. 5p, reorienting the relay element 6 (Fig.)) the mode of stable self-oscillators (fig.Za), when the amplitude and output of the third cyNjMaTopa 2 is set by the thresholds;

modulation zone.

- The number of modulation zones depends on the number of relay elements and increases with the growth of the latter.

Consider the effect of failure of relay elements on the conversion function. We will assume that the maximum value of the constant component of the signal at output 8 is provided by the amplitude value of the first modulation zone. Suppose that the relay element 6t at the moment of time tni passed into an uncontrolled and positive output state (Fig.45). Then, starting from the moment of time (Fig.5a, b), into a stable sustainable car

the oscillations are transferred by the relay element 6, and the amplitude of the signal at the output of the third sum of attor 2 is normalized by the iBg ambiguity zone.

Let at time point tf, the relay element 63 has passed into an uncontrolled and negative output state (Figure 4b). Then the output signatures of the relay elements b and 63 are mutual

compensated, and in the switching mode, the relay element b will appear (figure 4 (1,1), having switching thresholds -Bj. At the same time, the useful component of the pulses at the output 8 remains unchanged and proportional to the signal at the input 7 (FIG. 4).

Consider the principle of action in the presence of a failure of one of the integrators (figure 5).

 Suppose that at time point LO (fig.ZE) the main integrator 4 is faulty and the signal at its output has jumped to a maximum value YH.

Then the signal at the output of the third adder 2 will also change discretely (Fig. 5c1) and will cause the switching element 6g to switch to a positive state (Fig. 3b). B, as a result, a maximum amplitude pulse is formed at the output 8 (Fig. 5), since the states of the relay elements b2, bz are the same (Figs. B, d). Under the action of the output signal, the rate of change of output voltages of additional integrators 5, 5 increases dramatically (Fig. 5e, b). After some time in moments

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Consequently, they go into the negative state (Fig. 3a, 5b) 5, and the signal at output 8 returns to the first modulation zone (Fig. 5p.) After reorientation of the relay element 6 (Fig.), the mode of stable self-oscillations is established (Fig. .A) when the saw amplitude at the output of the third cyNjMaTopa 2 is limited by the switching thresholds tE, while the zero level of serviceable additional integrators 5, 5,

Y is shifted by an amount - g

c, n), which compensates for the constant component of the output signal of the faulty main integrator 4 (FIG. GE).

In general, the number of integrators can be arbitrary, but not less than three. Then, for the considered type of fault, the constant component at the outputs of the serviceable integrator is divided equally, and its sign is opposite to the voltage sign at the output of the faulty integrator,

The disadvantages of a scan converter include the dependence of the frequency of self-oscillations (bands

transmission) on the number and nature of faults. of its functional blocks. For example, if the main integrator 4 fails, the sweep derivative at the output of the third adder 2 falls, and the self-oscillation period increases (Fig. 3 -, -). This is due to the fact that the output of the third adder 2 is formed as a result of the addition of several sweep functions.

In the sweep converter, the sweep at the output of the third adder 2 is formed as a result of the addition of slower linearly increasing (falling) signals. Therefore, the required frequency of self-oscillations can be achieved without reducing the constant time of integrators 4, 5, 5

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5fc, but by increasing their number.

The sweep converter is characterized by higher noise immunity and better performance.

higher reliability

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula A sweep converter containing a first adder, the first whose input is the input of a sweep converter, the output of the first adder is connected to the input of the main integrator, a group of an odd number of relay elements, the output of each of which is connected to the corresponding input of the second adder whose output is output of a spread converter and connected to the second input of the first adder, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of operation and noise immunity, t is entered into it th adder and the group of additional integrators prichets output of the first adder is connected to the inputs of the additional integrators group principal integrator output and outputs the additional group of integrators are connected to respective inputs of a third adder, whose output is connected to inputs of the group of relay elements.  tfzW ypf (t) ypi (t) A / n fif) tg if 8 o about VNIIPI Order 7444/49. Circulation 670 Random polygons np-THej Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 Subscription