SU1267382A1 - Device for automatic distributing of load among process units connected in parallel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automatic control and regulation devices and may find application in the chemical and petrochemical industry. The aim of the invention is to ensure the stability of the total load of the installation. The device contains technological devices 1 connected in parallel with respect to the load, as well as load sensors 3, limiters 4, sensors 5 of the working medium temperature along the length of the devices, integrators 6, blocks 7 of the maximum temperature along the length of the devices, model 8 apparatuses, second adders 9, the aggregator of the total load 10, the calculators 11 settings of the tasks of the load, as well as the first 12 and second 13 pulse counters, adjustable keys 14, the first 15, second (L ry 16 and third 17 scaling blocks, sets of NT 18, first adders 19, memory blocks 20. 1 Il.

Description

The invention relates to devices for the automatic distribution of the load between parallel-inserted process devices can be used in the chemical and petrochemical industries.

The purpose of the invention is to ensure the stability of the total load of the installation.

The drawing shows the block diagram of the device.

The device contains technological devices 1 connected in parallel as well as the number of devices load sensors 2, load regulators 3, signal limiters 4, sensors 5 of the working medium temperature along the length of the devices, integrators 6, blocks 7 of the maximum temperature along the length of the device, models 8 devices, second adders 9, setter of total load 10, calculators 11 setpoints of load assignments, as well as the first 12 and second 13 pulse counters, controlled keys 14, first 15, second 16 and third 17 scaling blocks, setpoint constants 18, the first adders 19, 20 storage blocks.

The first inputs of the regulators 3 are connected to the load sensors 2, and the second (master) inputs to the outputs of the signal limiting 4 blocks, the integrators 6 to the load sensors 2. The units 7 for extracting the maximum temperature along the length of the apparatus are connected by entrances to temperature sensors 5 along the length of the apparatus: ta. Model 8 devices 1 include serially connected first 12 and second 13 pulse counters connected by inputs to the outputs of blocks 7, controlled keys 14, the first (control) inputs of which are connected to the outputs of tracking blocks 7, and the second inputs to the outputs of integrators 6, first 15, second 16 and third 17 scaling units connected by inputs to outputs of controlled keys 14, second 13, and first, respectively; 12

pulse counters, the first adders 19, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the scaling units 15, 16 and 17, as well as the outputs of the setting units of the constant 18, and the memory blocks connected by the inputs to the outputs of the first adders 19, and the outputs of the memory units 20 are connected to the first inputs of the second cy fmatopopov 9, the second inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the integrators 6. The inputs of the transmitter 11 are connected according to the number of devices, respectively, with the load sensors 2 and the outputs of the second adders 9 and the output of the total load controller 10, and the outputs through the blocks og anicheni signal inputs 4 connected to a load controller 3 tori.

The device works as follows.

The maximum temperature separation units 7 continuously monitor the temperatures, find the maximum among them and fix the maximum temperature transition from the current zone to the next by issuing a short pulse that arrives at the pulse input of the model 8 apparatus.

Model 8 of the apparatus according to the total amount of raw gas passed through the apparatus to the transition of the reaction from one zone to the next, and according to the number of this zone, the maximum number (quantity of gas that this apparatus is capable of processing on this catalyst) is predicted.

Each model 8 apparatus implements the following equation of communication

,, + a, Q,

where Q is the predicted total amount of gas in tons, which the whole apparatus is capable of processing before replacing the catalyst; N - the zone number of the device, where

a reaction came up; QN is the amount of gas processed by the apparatus at the time the reaction front approaches the N zone;

empirical constants whose numerical values, for example, can be equal

 a, 30;

93

Claims (1)

55 In the initial state, the first 12 and second 13 counters are reset to zero. After each arrival of a pulse from block 7, which monitors the movement of the reaction zone along the length of the apparatus, in the first 12 meter, they are summed, and in the second one, the summation of the contents of the first meter. For example, after the arrival of the first pulse, there will be units in the first and second counters, and after the arrival of the second pulse, there will be 2 in the first, 2 in the second, and so on. At the same time, each incoming pulse from the tracking unit 7 allows the signal from the load integrator 6 to pass through the controlled key 14 and then through the scaling block 15, where it is multiplied by the coefficient aj and then to the first input of the first adder 19. The signals from the second 13 and first The 12 counters through their scaling blocks 16 and 17, where they are multiplied by the coefficients a and a, respectively, arrive at the second and third (subtracting) inputs of the adder 19, the fourth input of which receives a signal from the setpoint constant a. In adder 19, all incoming signals are added and the resulting signal, proportional to the total predicted amount of gas that the device is capable of processing, is stored in memory block 20 (value Q). Thus, the contents of the memory block are changed only at the moments of crossing the reaction front of the next zone of the device, at the same time, the signal is read out from memory block 20 continuously and is fed to the first inputs of the first adders 9, the signals from the (subtracting) inputs are received from integrator 6 load, (Q) leading continuous calculation of the total amount of recycled gas. The output signals of the first adders 9, proportional to the amount of gas that remains to be processed by the apparatus, as well as signals from sensors 2 of the gas flow are fed to the corresponding inputs of the computing unit 11, the first input of which receives a signal from the setpoint generator 10 of the total load. Computing unit 11 is designed for calculating and issuing to each load controller of each apparatus of the installation such tasks on loads that would provide a given total 2 load and the same time distance between reactor shutdowns for catalyst overload. To implement this function, the computing unit performs the following operations. Calculates the time (h) before stopping each of the operating reactors before the reboot: -. , 2, ..., K TI- time, h; dr is the amount of gas that the reactor on this catalyst is still capable of processing. T; FJ is the current load on the reactor, Kp is the number of operating reactors. Sorts reactors in order of increasing time T; from the 2nd and ending (K-1) reactor, 3 .. T + d-DT ,, (Cr-1), 1, c - catalyst loading time, h. Calculates the flow rate for the latter (Cr) - of the FKP F5u reactor. Fi .. The found values of the costs F; ,, 2, ..., Kp, enters the controllers 3 through the signal limiters 4. Thus, the operation of the device ensures alternate uniform output of the reactors to the reboot with a time interval equal to the reboot time of the catalyst of one reactor and thereby ensures the stability of the total load of the plant . Apparatus of the Invention A device for automatically distributing a load between parallel-connected technological devices, comprising a total load adjuster, according to the number of technological devices, load sensors and controllers, signal limiters, whose inputs are connected to corresponding load sensors, integrators, temperature sensors of the working medium along the length of the devices, characterized in that, in order to ensure the stability of the total load of the installation, blocks are introduced according to the number of technological devices Maximum temperatures, first and second pulse counters, keys, first, second and third scaling blocks, first and second adders, constant adjusters, memory blocks, load task settings calculator, b, or the outputs of the maximum temperature control blocks are connected to the control inputs of the keys and also to the inputs of the first pulse counters, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the third scaling units, as well as to the inputs of the second pulse counters, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs second scaling blocks, integrator outputs are connected to the information inputs of the keys, as well as to the first inputs of the second adders, the outputs of the keys are connected to the inputs of the first mashtab blocks, and the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the first adder are connected to the outputs of the scaling blocks and setters constants, output of the first adders are connected to the inputs of memory blocks, the outputs of which are connected to the second inputs of the second adders, and to the inputs of the calculator the load reference settings are connected to the outputs of the load sensors, the codes of the second adders and the output of the set load aggregator, the outputs of the calculator of the load reference settings are connected via signal limiters to the inputs of the load regulators.