SU1257660A1 - Device for calculating carbon potential - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to computing and can be used to adjust the carbon potential during chemical thermal processing. The known devices, due to the analog method, either have an insufficient accuracy of measurements and calculations, which reduces the reliability of the first results, or they can only measure the concentration of carbon in the liquid metal. The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity and reliability of the results obtained. The device contains a digital-to-analog converter, with which the calculated value of the carbon potential is converted into analog form through a switch fed to a registration unit, a fixed memory unit intended for storing coefficients, a computation program and addresses of the RAM memory unit, into which the measured values are stored. furnace atmosphere parameters, a counter serving in conjunction with a block of comparison circuits for converting digital signals to analog form and used in register when the calculated value of the carbon potential is written to it. The memory unit also stores the value of a constant depending on the steel grade and measured parameters of the furnace atmosphere. The value of the constant is typed on the keypad of the processing unit, this value is recorded through the electronic switch unit and the decoder is written into the register and copied from it to the counter according to the signal generated by the com- element. mutations. The device also includes a synchronization unit, a group of triggers, an address coder, an address counter dp of the operating memory unit, an address counter for the fixed memory unit, three OR elements for generating control signals, and switches. 1 hp f-ly | 7 il. Nd SP db

Description

one

The invention relates to computing and can be used to adjust the carbon potential during chemical thermal processing.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance and reliability of the results obtained.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the device; in fig. 2 - diagram of the synchronization unit; in fig. 3 - block diagrams of electronic switches and computing unit; in fig. 4 — program recorded in the memory block; in fig. 5 - format of a cell of the memory block; FIG. 6 shows the format of a memory cell; in fig. 7 - timing charts of the device.

The device contains an amplifier block, a block 2 of comparison circuits, a group of 3 flip-flops 5 an OR 4 element, an address encoder 5, an MB element, a trigger 7, an address counter 8, a switching element 9, a synchronization unit 10, a start unit 11, a main memory unit 12, switch 13, fixed memory unit 14, counter 15, switch 16, address counter 17, OR element 18, electronic switch unit 19, computing unit 20, And 21 element, decoder 22, register 23, OR element 24, digital-analogue a converter (D / A converter) 25, a switch 26, a registration unit 27, a generator 28 rectangular and pulses, shift register 29, OR element 30, trigger 3, AND elements 32, 33, input switches 34, output switches 35, keypad 36, input node 37, clock generator 38, permanent memory node 39, node: 40 firmware control, adder 4, address register 42, main memory node 43, encoders 44 and 45 ,, indicator 46,

The principle of operation of the device is based on measuring the parameters of the furnace atmosphere: the concentration of carbon monoxide CO, carbon dioxide COj and temperature t °, converting them into digital form and calculating the carbon potential in block 20 according to the original formula, for example:

with | ten

9,24-p

1727 b

(% CO G

TSOG

6770 273 + t °

ten

25

57660

where cf is the value of the carbon potential;

t is the temperature of the furnace atmosphere; 5% CO,

% COg - carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide concentrations in the furnace atmosphere; n - constant, depending on

steel grades.

The calculated value of the carbon potential, expressed in digital form, is converted into analogue form by the same DAC, which measured the parameters of the furnace atmosphere, and through switch 26 is fed to the input of the recording unit 27.

Before starting work, block 14 contains the values of the coefficients of the formula, the program of calculations and the addresses of the cells of block 12, in which. The measured values of the furnace atmosphere parameters and a constant depending on the steel grade are recorded.

A possible program for calculating the carbon potential is put in block 14 in advance (Fig. 4).

The process of calculating the carbon potential is carried out digitally using the 30 method. The furnace atmosphere sensor signals (not shown) are analog. The device uses a DAC 25, which converts the calculated carbon potential to analog form, and, together with block 2 and counter 15, converts input analog signals into digital form. Counter 15 is also used as a register when a parallel code of the calculated value of the carbon potential is written to it in parallel. Block 12 stores the value of the constant n, which depends on the grade of steel and the measured parameters of the furnace atmosphere.

The constant, depending on the grade of steel, is entered in block 12 as follows.

50 The value of the constant is typed on the keypad of block 20, which, through block 19 and decoder 22, is written to register 23 and is rewritten from it to counter 5 by pressing the jJ key of switching element 9.

When the button is released by the OR 4 element, a signal is generated that sets the trigger 31 to the position when

3

which allows the passage of the clock pulses of the block 20 from its node A5 through the switch 35 of the block 19 to the output of the element 32. The clock pulses of the block 20 are also fed to the shift input of the shift register 29. On the first clock pulse, the output pulse from the AND 32 element in the address counter 8 sets the address of the first cell of block 12, to which the value of the most significant (decimal) constant value is to be written. The same impulse (from the output of element 32 I) is fed to the input of the record of block 2 n the highest decade of the constant value from counter 15 fits into its first cell.

On the next clock pulse of the block 20, the shift register 29 goes to the next state, a pulse arrives at the counting input of the address counter 8 and at its outputs a cell address is entered into which the lower decade of the constant value is required and the value of the last 12 is entered into the second cell of the block 12 the corresponding decade constant p.

As soon as all the decades of the constant are entered into block 12, a pulse arrives from the output of the register 29 through the element OR 30 to the input of the trigger 31. The trigger 31 will switch and prohibit the passage of the clock pulses of the block 20 to the input element AND 32. The output signal from the other arm of the trigger 31 will allow the generator 28 to pass to the output of the element, AND 23. However, until the start signal from the block 11 is received, the trigger 7 will be set by the signal from the element 6 And in the position prohibiting the passage of pulses of the generator 28 to the output element And 33,

As soon as a start signal is received from block 11, the triggers 3, the address counter 8, the counter 15, the counter 17 of the address and the register 24 are set to the initial position and the trigger 7 switches. Its output signal sets the switch 26 to the position at which the output voltage of the DAC 25 is applied to the reference inputs of the cells of block 2; by switching, trigger 7 permits the passage of generator pulses 28 to the counting input of counter 15 through element 33. It starts 576604

c process and measurement of furnace atmosphere parameters.

The counter 15 and the DAC 25 jointly perform two types of conversion, 5 In one of them, when the information from the register 23 is written in parallel to the counter 15, the calculated value of the carbon potential is converted into the equivalent direct current voltage. In another

In the event of a counter 15, in conjunction with a DAC 25, a linearly increasing voltage is formed (counter 15 operates in a counting mode). 15 At the moment of equality of the voltages coming from any sensor of the furnace atmosphere parameters, the corresponding step-up voltage from the DAC 25 triggers the corresponding circuit of block 2 and a signal appears at its output. This signal enters the address encoder 5, the output of which forms the value of the address of the cell block 12, in which

25 it is necessary to record the highest decade of the measured parameter. At the same time, this signal is recorded in the corresponding trigger of the group of 3 triggers and, through the OR 4 element, starts a single cycle of operation of the synchro unit 10. nizatsiya.

The digital value of the measured parameter, by which time the accumulated 5 in the counter 15, is rewritten into block 12 in the same way as the constant p. The cell address of the block 12, into which the senior decade of the measured parameter fits, is written into the counter 8

0 addresses from the encoder 5 addresses with a parallel code on the signal from the output of the IL element 4. After recording the lower decade of the measured parameter of the furnace atmosphere at the output of the element OR 30

5, a signal appears at which trigger 31 switches, and the counting pulses again begin to receive the rta counting input of counter 15. Thus, for the recording time of the measured

0 parameter in the corresponding cells of the block 1.2, the synchronization unit brakes the operation of the counter 15, then the measurement of the parameters of the furnace atmosphere continues.

5 The completion of the measurement of all the indicated parameters is indicated by the signal at the output of the element 6, which is formed at the moment when

all triggers of group 3 triggers are switched. The signal at the output of the element And 6 switches to the initial state the trigger 7 and rewrites the previous value of the carbon potential from the register 23 to the counter 15 according to the signal from the output of the element 24 OR. The output signal of the trigger 7 will prohibit the issuance of the counting pulses from the output of the element And 33 of the synchronization unit 10 to the counting input of the counter 15, will switch the switch 13 to a position where

the inputs of the information block 12 comes from the information output of the block 14, sets the switch 26 to a position in which the output voltage: the DAC 25 is applied to the block 27, allows the clock pulses of the block 20 from the output of the node 45 to pass through the switch 35 of the block 19 through the element 21 And counting input counter 17 addresses.

Block 14 begins to process the program recorded in it. Information to block 20 through switches 34 of block 19 comes either from block 12 or from block 14 from the output of switch 6. Switch 16 is controlled by the corresponding output of block 14 in accordance with the program recorded in it.

-Calculation block 20 operates as follows.

The signals of switches 34 of block 19 are perceived by input node 37, from where they enter adder 41. The program of block 26 is stored in node 39, which is controlled by reference frequency generator 41, which is also controlled by address register 42, encoders 44 and 45. Commands from node 39 through node 40 is fed to node 42 and adder 41. The output codes of the encoder 42 are fed to the inputs of the indicator.

Block 20 calculates the carbon potential from the measured parameters of the furnace atmosphere. At the last step, the programs from block 14 to the input of the element And 21 receive a signal Results is, prohibiting the passage of clock pulses of block 20 from the output of the switch 35 to the counting input of the counter 17 of the address. Indicator 46 is present; the numerical value of the calculated carbon potential. This value is converted from the seven-segment code to the binary-decoding code of the decoders 22 and the signal Result is from block 14, the element of RSHI 18 generates a carbon potential value recording signal to register 23. Signal The result is from block 14 also through elements OR 18 and 24 at the entrance, the records of the counter 15, the information

o the input of the counter 15 receives information from the output of the register 23, in which the calculated value of the carbon potential is recorded. This value is rewritten into counter 15, DAC 25

5 converts this value to analog form, and the calculated value of the carbon potential is fed to the input of block 27.

0 To new signal from unit P

The cycle of measuring the parameters of the furnace atmosphere and calculating the carbon potential over them is repeated.

Thus, block 20 performs

5 the following functions in the process of calculating the carbon potential: typing the value of the constant n on the keyboard, depending on the steel grade and visual control of the typed value nj synchronization by internal impulses of the computational unit of the entire calculator of the carbon potential; proper calculation of carbon potential from measured parameters

5 furnace atmosphere according to the specified formula; digital indication of the calculated carbon potential.

0 Since the process of measuring the parameters of the furnace atmosphere is a small part of the cycle time of the operation, the voltage across the filter. Of the elements of the unit 27 during the measurement time is practically unchanged.

In the registration unit 27 (recorder), the calculated value of the carbon potential is recorded.

0 Comparing the computational value of the carbon potential with the given value and, if they are not observed, a corresponding control effect is given to the executive.

5 a device that increases or decreases the amount of addition of the carburizer to the furnace, depending on the sign of the imbalance.

Formula and

7

3 o

rete n i

Claims (2)

1, Device for calculating -carbon potential, comprising a counter, an amplifier unit, a decoder, a trigger, a nycita unit, a switch, elements AND, a synchronization unit, a registration unit, a register whose output is connected to the information input of the counter, the first element OR, that, in order to monitor the performance and reliability of the results obtained, a group of triggers, OR elements, an address coder, two address counters, a random-access memory unit, a permanent memory unit, switches, an electronic transducer block The switches, the digital-to-analog converter, the computing unit, the switching element and the block of comparison circuits, whose inputs of the first group are information inputs of the device, the inputs of the second group of the comparison circuits are connected to the first output of the switch, the second output of which Comparison circuits are connected respectively to the information inputs of the group triggers, the installation inputs of which and the installation counter, the synchronization unit, the first and second addr counters ca and a trigger are connected to the device start input, the group trigger outputs are connected to the inputs of the first AND element, the first OR element and the address encoder, one of the inputs of the first OR element, and the first input of the second OR element, respectively, are connected to the output of the switching element, the output of the first OR element is connected to the start input of the synchronization unit and to the input of the recording of the first address counter, the information input of which is connected to the output of the address coder, the output of the first element I is connected to the information input of the trigger and to the first th input of the third element OR, the trigger output is connected to the control inputs of the switch, the first switch, to the first inverse input of the second element And to the enable input of the synchronization unit, the first output of the synchronization unit is connected to the counting input of the counter, the second output is connected to the counting input of the first counter eight 0 0 0 five addresses and the entry entry of the RAM block, whose information input and input of the D / A converter are connected to the output of the counter, the output of the D / A converter is connected to the information input of the switch, the address input of the RAM block is connected to the output of the first switch, the information inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the first address counter, the first information input of the second KONMyTaTO-receiver is connected to the output of the permanent memory unit, the second information input is connected to the output of the memory block, the output of the bit of the first characteristic of the block of permanent memory is connected to the control input of the first and second switches, the output of the bit of the second sign is connected to the second input of the second element OR and the second inverse of the second element AND 5 is connected to the first information input of the electronic switch unit, the first output of which is connected to the input of the computing unit, the address input of the permanent memory unit is connected to the output of the second address counter, the counting input of which is connected to the Bbtxod of the second element And, the second and third outputs of the electronic switch unit are connected respectively to the direct input of the second element And and to the input of the decoder, the first and second information outputs and the output of the tracking unit of the computing unit are connected respectively to V The first, third and fourth information inputs of the electronic switch block, the output of the decoder is connected to the information input of the register, the register entry input and the second input of the third OR element are connected to the output of the second OR element, the third OR output is connected to the counter recording input, the fourth electronic block input . switches connected to the output of the switching mode of the synchronization unit. five 0 five  five 55 2. The device according to p. I, is about so that it is so that the computing unit contains a keypad, an input node, a fixed memory node, a microprogram control node, an adder, an operational node memory, two encoders, indicator, address register and clock generator, the outputs of which are connected .to the synchronization inputs of the register a, cce Ca, the fixed memory node, the first and second encoders, the output of the input node is connected to the first information input of the adder and the information input of the first encoder, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the indicator inputs and the first information output block, .information inputs of the second encoder are connected respectively to the outputs of the first group of the keypad and to the output of the address register, the inputs of the input node are connected respectively With the outputs of the second keypad group, the outputs of the second encoder are, respectively, the second information and clock outputs of the block, the output of the address recorder is connected to the address input of the RAM node, the output of which is connected to the second information input of the adder, the output of which is connected to the information input of the address register, the output of the constant memory node is connected to the input of the microprogram control node, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the control inputs of the adder and the operational memory node and input keypad is input block. 6WK P Phage. five Vsho. ff / ill bloc 6 Record n Record SOL02 b S / ii2 BbmcneHUit Result shshg Generator output 28 Fa-g. 7 eHUit Result shshg NZNEREEIESHOW b Editor M, Nedoluzhenko Order 4958 / А8Тираж 67 VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries PZOZZ, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab, d. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 Compiled by A, Zherenov Tehred L. Serdyukova Proofreader L. Patay Subscription