SU1255728A1 - Device for limiting volumetric efficiency of i.c.engine - Google Patents

Description

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1255728

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, engine-building, and specifically to devices for limiting the filling of an internal combustion engine, mainly in fuel injection systems of automobile engines operating in a significant range of loads and speeds with large variations in the octane number of the fuel used.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device by increasing the accuracy of filling restriction in the field of possible detonation of the fuel mixture throughout the crankshaft rotational speed range and ensuring that the restriction is controlled directly in the engine dynamics, as well as taking into account the fuel octane number and enhanced functionality.

FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the device; in fig. 2 - device with additional elements; in fig. 3 - device on electronic and electromagnetic elements; in fig. 4 - adder.

The device (Fig. 1) contains a throttle valve 1 located in the intake tract, a corrector 2 with a cam 3, an additional drive 4 connected to the throttle valve I via a spring 5, a thrust mechanism 6 rigidly connected to the throttle valve 1 and Cam 3 coupled through a drive to a rotational speed sensor 7.

The device (Fig. 2) contains an electromagnetic mechanism 8, made in the form of an alignment unit 9 and an electromagnetic actuator 10 of the cam 3 of the corrector 2, a gear ratio controller 11 connected to the output of the rotational frequency sensor 7, the sensor 12 of the electromagnetic actuator 10, sensors 13 engine operating conditions and an adder 14 connecting the sensors 13 to the control unit 9. The last one has two entrances; The adder 14 is connected to the first one, and the position sensor 12 of the electromagnetic actuator 10 is connected to the second one. If the device operates only from the rotational speed sensor 7, and there are no sensors 13, then the 1 1 gear ratio controller. 1a is connected directly to the first input of the control unit 9. In this case, the adder 14 is excluded.

In the embodiment of the device on electronic and electromagnetic elements (Fig. 3), the rotational frequency sensor 7 is designed as an integrating RS-circuit on the resistor 15 and the capacitor 16 connected to the chopper 17 connected to the ignition coil 18 and the capacitor 19. The control unit 9 is made in the form of a differential amplifier on transistors 20 and 21 and resistors 22 and 23, and an electromagnetic actuator 10 is implemented on an electric motor, with an axis that couples the cam 3 of the equalizer 2 and the sensor 12 (potentiometer)

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magnetic drive 10. The motor of the electromagnetic drive 10 is connected between the collectors of the transistors of the control unit 9, the sensor 12 of the position of the electromagnetic drive 10 is connected to the base of the transistor 20 to the second input of the control unit 9, and the rotational speed sensor 7 to the base the transistor 21 to the first input of the control unit 9. If the device contains several sensors 13 of the engine operating conditions, for example, temperature, pressure, etc., then the outputs of the sensors 13 and the output of the sensor 7 of the rotation frequency and connected to the control unit 9 via the adder 14.

The device for limiting the filling of the internal combustion engine works as follows.

In the absence of engine overload, the surfaces of the cam 3 and the stop mechanism 6 are disconnected. The position of the throttle valve 1 is determined by an additional drive 4. The reason for this condition is that the engine is dependent on the rotational speed and the position of the throttle valve 1 and the rotational speed sensor 7 sets the cam 3 to a position that strictly corresponds to the rotational frequency. This position determines the degree of possibility of opening the throttle valve 1. If for any reason. There is a need for a sharp increase in engine power by increasing its filling, which is achieved by displacing. (Opening) the throttle valve 1, the stop mechanism 6 touches the cam 3 surface , the movement of the auxiliary drive 4 causes the spring 5 to compress, and the throttle valve 1 is open exactly as much as the engine is allowed to fill at a given rotation frequency. If the engine power is sufficient to increase the speed of rotation, the latter increase and, accordingly, through the sensor 7 of rotation frequency, cam 3 frees up space for moving the stop mechanism 6 and the throttle valve 1 associated with it. Thus, the engine is kept at the maximum allowable level. If the load on the engine is too high and the rotational speed drops, the cam 3 is turned from the sensor 7 so that the thrust mechanism 6 compresses the spring 5, covering respectively the throttle valve 1 and again keeping the engine filling at the maximum allowable level. The correspondence between the maximum permissible engine fill and the rotational speed is determined by the cam profile 3 of the equalizer 2. In the B-1; 1, the efficiency is achieved by dual control of one throttle valve.

The device PA electronic and electromagnetic elements works as follows.

The area of the pulses on the engine ignition breaker 17 is proportional to the rotational frequency. Therefore, at the output of the integrating RC circuit (resistor 15, capacitor 16), the voltage is also proportional to the frequency of rotation. The potentiometer-regulator 11 of the gear ratio changes the ratio between the voltage supplied to the first input of the control unit 9 (the base of the transistor 21) and the rotational frequency. The electromagnetic drive motor 10 rotates the cam 3 connected to it and the potentiometer sensor 12 of the electromagnetic drive 10 in such a way that the voltage on the first and second inputs of the control unit 9 is the same. Under this condition, the motor is provided and does not rotate the cam 3.

A certain voltage at the base of the transistor 21 (the first input of the control unit 9) corresponds to a certain position of the cam 3 of the equalizer 2 coupled to the axis of the electric motor. Thus, the cam 3 always tracks the position of the average voltage at the first input of the control unit 9, which is proportional to the rotational speed. The proportionality coefficient (gear ratio) is determined by the potentiometer-controller 11 of the gear ratio, since the voltage at its output is directly proportional to the resistance between the slider and the output connected to the housing, and the voltage at its input. Therefore, by moving the slider, you can smoothly adjust the gear ratio, thereby changing the angle of rotation

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lac 3 at the same rotational frequency, i.e. The maximum permitted engine fill.

The system rotation frequency — the angle of rotation of the cam 3 is linear, and the profile of the cam 3 linearizes the dependence of the rotation of the throttle valve 1 on the degree of filling of the engine at the respective rotation frequencies. Thereby, the agreement of characteristics and the possibility of smooth adjustment of the limitation of filling the engine on the verge of detonation of the fuel at any rotational speed is achieved. This makes it possible to operate the engine on fuel with any octane number under any load. Potentiometer regulator 11 of the gear ratio can be placed anywhere, which provides remote adjustment directly in the dynamics of the engine.

The operation of the sensors 13 of the engine operating conditions with the adder 14 reduces to the fact that these sensors give out signals similarly to the sensor 7 of the rotational speed. The adder 14 summarizes these signals and sends them to the first input of the control unit 9. Thus, the cam 3 is rotated by an angle proportional to the sum of the signals of the sensors 13. The rotational speed sensor 7 with the ratio controller 11 is in this case connected to one of the inputs of the adder 14 and participates in operation similarly to one of the sensors 13. The resistance ratio of the resistors 14 is determined em weights when transmitting signals from sensors 13 and 7.

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Composed by V. Slavnikov

Editor M. BobkovTehred I., VeresKorrektor M. Demchik

Order 4794/33 Circulation 523Subscription

BNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries

113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5

Branch PPP "Patent, city zhgorod, st. Project, 4

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Claims (5)

1. DEVICE FOR LIMITING THE FILLING OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, comprising a throttle valve located in the inlet tract and equipped with a speed sensor via a corrector with a cam, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, it is equipped with an additional throttle valve through the spring, and the corrector is made in the form of a thrust mechanism rigidly connected to the throttle and mated with a cam connected to a speed sensor. 2. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that it further comprises an electric control unit with first and second inputs and an electromagnetic drive of a throttle valve, and the output of the speed sensor is connected to the first input of the control unit, and the output of the electromagnetic drive is connected to the cam. 3. The device according to paragraphs. I and 2, characterized in that, in order to take into account the octane number of the fuel, it further comprises a gear ratio controller connected to the output of the speed sensor. 4. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that it further comprises a position sensor of the electromagnetic drive of the throttle, connected to the output of the second input of the control unit of the electromagnetic mechanism. 5. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality, it additionally contains sensors of the operating conditions of the engine, and the electromagnetic mechanism is equipped with an adder, the inputs of which are connected to the sensor SU „„ 1255728