SU1241185A1 - Meter of time intervals - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be used in measuring and computing equipment, automation and instrument engineering for measuring the time parameters of pulse signals. The aim of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy. The device contains a generator of 1 counting pulses, a coarse measurement unit 2, containing an element I 3 and a coarse measurement counter 4, blocks 5 and 6 eliminating non-digits, each of which with-i holding, triggers 7 (8), 11 (12) and

Description

17 (18), AND-HE elements 9 (10), 13 (14) and 19 (20); precision measurement blocks 21 and 22, each of which contains triggers 23 (24), a time scale converter 25 (26), an AND element 27 (28) and a counter 29 (30); a microcomputer 31,, a prohibition element 32, shapers 33-35 pulses, a HE element 36, a reference interval formation unit 37 containing the AND 38 element,

one

The invention relates to radio measurements and can be used to measure the temporal parameters of pulse signals in measurement and computing technology, automation and instrument making.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measuring time intervals.

Figure 1 shows the structural scale of the time interval meter; Fig. 2 shows timing diagrams of meter operation in the calibration mode and the measurement mode, respectively.

The time interval meter contains a generator 1 of counting pulses following with a period, a coarse measurement unit 2 containing an AND 3 element and a coarse measuring counter 4, ambiguity resolution blocks 5, 6 each containing a trigger 7 (8), and a NOT 9 (10), trigger 11 (12), element AND-NO 13 (14), element AND 15 (1b), trigger (18) and element AND-NOT 19 (20 blocks 21.22 of accurate measurement, each of which contains the triggers 23 (24), the converter 25 (26) time scale, the element And 27 (28) and the counter 29 (30); the microcomputer 31, the element 32 of the ban, the drivers 33, 34 and 35 pulses , He element 36, Lok 37 of the formation of the reference intervals, containing, element And 38, frequency divider 39, trigger 40, element And 41, frequency multiplier 42 and counters 43, A4; elements OR 45, 46.

The output of the generator 1 is connected to the first inputs of the element And 3, microcomputer 31, elements And 27,28,38, elec

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frequency divider 39, trigger 40, element AND 41, frequency multiplier 42 and counters 43, 44; elements OR 45, 46. The microelectric computer 31 corrects the measurement results of the length of time between the interval and the selected counting pulses and outputs an out-; Coerable time interval value, which provides increased measurement accuracy. 4 sp. f-Ly, 2 ill.

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cops AND-NOT 19,20, to the second entrances. elements AND-NOT 9, W and the input of the frequency multiplier 42, the output of which is connected to the first input of the element AND 41, the second input of which is connected to the output of the trigger 40, and the output to the input of the counter 43, the inputs of the discharge which are connected to the outputs counter 44, the counting input of which is connected to the output of the counter 43, R-input of the trigger 40, and the second inputs of the elements OR 45, 46, the first inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the form r -... 34 and 35, respectively, the first inputs which are combined and connected to the output of the element NO 36, the input of which is Connected to the first inputs of the elements IS-NE 13, 14, the second input of the element I 38 and the output of the microcomputer 31, the second, third, fourth and; Fifth inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the counter 4, counter 29, counter 30 and the driver 33, respectively pulses, the input of which is connected to the output of the element 32 prohibition,. the first input of which is connected to the output of converter 25 and the second input of element 27, the output of which is connected to the input of counter 29, the second input of prohibition element 32 is connected to the output of converter 26 and the second input of element 28, whose output is connected to the input of counter. 30, the output of the element OR 45 is connected. to the L-inputs triggers 7 and 23.5-inputs triggers. 7 and 8 are combined and connected to the C input of the trigger 40 and the output of the divider 39, the input of which is connected to the output of the AND 38 element, the output of the OR element 46 is connected to the S-input

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AM triggers 8 and 24, I. — The inputs of the triggers 23, 24 are connected to the outputs of the NAND elements 19, - 20, respectively, the second input of the NAND element 19 is connected to the output of the trigger 17 and the second input of the I 3 element, the third input of which is connected with the inverse output of the trigger 18, the C-input of which is connected to the output of the AND 16 element, the first input of the second one is connected to the output of the AND-HE element 14, and the second input is connected to the output of the AND-NE element 10 with the trigger input 12, the second inputs of the formers 34 and 35 are connected respectively to the Start and Stop buses “| pulses.

As a microcomputer 31, a programmer controller can be used, which is more versatile KPU Electronics K1-20.

In the initial state, all counters are set to zero. Triggers 7, 8, 17 and 18, 40; the elements 9, 10, 3 and 19, 20, 41 are kept in the closed state, respectively, the triggers 11, 12 and 25 are set to zero, the elements K 27 and 28, controlled respectively by the converters 25 and 26, are closed, and the element 32 is closed . At j) -inputs of the triggers 7, 8, 11, 12, 17, and 18, the logic level is constantly applied.

In the calibration mode, a linear approximation of the function T (t) of transducers 25 and 26 of the time scale of 35 and tp sections (Fig. 2) is carried out by determining the conversion function at points of the reference intervals for each T (tj)

20

H p, 2,3,4,

the number of points of approximation of the transformation function; , 3,4 .... is a number indicating the division of the period by equal-. parts), which are stored in the memory of the microcomputer 31, After a rough iz-. 5 measurements of the time interval tp. N-Zo and time intervals tj and t at the stage of correction using microcomputers compare codes of values T (ty),

TC (t) conversion functions with a 50

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dami t, () values in his memory.

The two nearest codes for tj and I n, TV (LH) for the condition Tjii TjCt, are detected. Isfi, f and 55

fi, P (p) 4 TF (VH after

correction of the segments is carried out

ti tf and the calculation of the final result

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Tata for measuring the time interval tf by the formulas

..; 11GSH -) - "- -liji i

 ts, - tf, where t, - t, .Uill5., „„ „

the i-ro and i + 1 values of the reference interval;

T; , T-. - value codes functr tfV

transformations at the points of the reference intervals t and t;

T,, Tr are the codes of the values of the transformation function of the segments tj, t;

t,, t are codes of corrected time values tj, t.

The calibration process starts from the moment a signal is supplied from the microcomputer 31 (FIG. 26) through the HE element 36 to the formers 34 and 35, which prohibit the passage of the Start and pulses 5 and f, respectively, to the OR elements 45 and 46, NAND 13 and 14 and the AND element 38, opening it, as a result of which the counting pulses (Fig. 2a) from generator I will pass to divider 39 (Fig. 2c). The first impulse from the divider 39 (FIG. 2d) sets the trigger 40 to one state, the signal from which (FIG. 2d) opens AND 41. The signal from the separator 39 also goes to the input of the trigger 7 and 8. Element AND 41 transmits pulses (fkg.2 e), following with a period of to / n, from multiplier 42 to the input of counter 43 (FIG. 2 g). As soon as in the counter 43 the number of pulses becomes equal to A + l, where A is the code of the counter 44, coming from its I1 of the legal outputs to the control inputs of the counter 43, the counter 43 accumulates a pulse (FIG. 2 a), which sets the trigger 40 to the zero state, as a result of which the element And 41 is closed, and the counter 44 - to the state one greater than the transmitting one. Pulse (figure 2) from the counter 43 through the elements OR 45 and 46 switches the triggers 23 and 24, which form the beginning of the intervals of t and 4..; - ..

A pulse coming from the divider 39 (Fig. 2 g) to the C inputs of the flip-flops 7 and 8 switches them (Fig. 2 and), as a result of which elements are opened

AND-NOT 9 and 10, through which the first passed pulses (Fig. 2k) from generator 1 switch the triggers 11 and 12 to the state (Fig. 2 l), at which the signals from the outputs of the AND-NOT elements 13 and 14 (Fig. .2 m) open the elements AND 15 and 16. Accordingly, the subsequent impulse from the generator I, which passed through the elements AND-HE 9 and 10, and 15 and 16, switches the triggers 17 and 18 to the states at which the signals with the outputs of the flip-flops (figure 2 o) open the elements AND-NOT 19 and 20 and close (figure 2 p) element 3. The first impulses from generator 1 passing through the elements AND-19 and 20 (figure 2 p ), triggers 23 and 24 lane They are cleared to the initial state, completing the formation of intervals with tj and tp.

The pulses with the capacitance tj and t, formed by the triggers 23 and 24 (Fig. 2c), are converted K times by the transducers 25 and 26 and filled with counting pulses from generator 1 passing through the elements 27 and 28. The number of pulses at intervals Ktj and Ktp are fixed by counters 29 and 30 with capacitor LC. At the end of the Kt and Ktp pulses, the elements 27 and 28 are closed, and through the prohibition element 32 and the pulse shaper 33, an impulse enters the microcomputer 31 (figure 2 tons) providing a census of the measurement results from the 4.29 and 30 counters into the micro ignitor 31 and installation Triggers 7, 8, 11, 12, 17 ,, 18, .23, 24, and 40, as well as counters 4, 29, and 30.:

With the arrival of the next pulse from frequency divider 39, triggers 7, 8 and 40 are switched, and the signal from the last opens element 41, which transmits pulses from multiplier 42 to counter 43. After code 43 becomes counter A + 1 in counter 43 ( ) coming through control buses from counter 44, it triggers a pulse (fig. 2z), which sets the trigger .40 to the zero state and counter 44 - to the state one more than the previous one, and also passed through the elements OR 45 and 46, will switch triggers 23 and 24.

t impulses t, - 5 p

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transform f are developed in fc, times converter 10

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25

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35

40

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mi 25 and 26, and the counters 29 and 30 will fix the number of pulses that passed through the elements And 27 and 28 during time intervals of duration

K (t, -) and K (t - -). By the window

In the case of transformations, the prohibition element 32 and the imaging unit 33 are fed to the microcomputer 31, providing a means of rewriting the measurement results from counters 4, 29 and 30 into the memory of the microcomputer 31 and resetting the triggers 7, 8, 11, 12, 17, 18, 23, 24 and 40, as well as counters 4, 29 and 30. The calibration process will continue until the state of counter 44 becomes 2n. At the end of the calibration, the zero, potential coming from the microcomputer 31 through the NOT 36 element, opens the formers 34 and 35 of the interval pulses, and through the I-HE elements 13 and 14 - the And 15 and 16 elements, after which the time interval meter is ready to measure the time intervals, limited start and stop pulses.

With the arrival of the starting S pulse passing through the shaper 34 and the ISh 45 element, the trigger 23, which forms the beginning of the interval with duration t, and the trigger 7, switches to AND-NE 9. The first counting pulse that passes through the elements 9 and 15 switches the trigger 17, allowing the passage of the counting pulses from the generator 1 through the elements AND 3 and I-HE 19, respectively, to the counter 4 and the trigger 23. The latter switches to the initial state by the passed counting pulse, resulting in the formation of the segment tj, limited st mouths and count pulses. The time transform tr converted to K times the transducer 25 is filled with counting pulses following from generator 1 through element 27, which are recorded by a counter 29 with a capacity of 3 jC. Similarly, with the arrival of the stop pulse that passes through the driver 35 and the element OR 46, the processes of allocating the time interval t occur, with the only difference that switching the trigger 18 closes And 3, stopping the passage of the counting pulses to the counter 4. The selected the interval with the duration tp is converted into K times by the transducer 26, and then filled with counting pulses from the generator 1, passing through the element 28, which is fixed by the counter 30 with the capacitance LC. At the end of the transformation of the segments, tj and tp, from the transducers 25 26 through, the prohibition element 32 and the correction resolution generator 33 receive an impulse to the micro-computer 31, which provides a census of the measurement results

rhenium from counters 4, 29, and 30 into the memory of the microcomputer 31 and resetting the triggers 7, 8, 11, 12, 17 and 18 to the initial state. Then the microcomputer 31 corrects the measurement result of the time interval between the interval and count pulses. -, on the start and stop pulses, for this, the codes of the two nearest values of the measured reference intervals, one of which is smaller and the other larger than the obtained code, are selected based on the obtained code values of the measured time interval, determines the product of the difference of the obtained value the code and the selected smaller code value of the measured reference interval and the quotient of the difference between the two selected nearest codes of the reference interval and the difference of the corresponding values of the measured these reference intervals summarizes the result with the selected smaller code of the reference interval, and also summarizes the corrected value of the measurement result of the time interval in ka-

on the start pulse with the result of a rough measurement and subtracts from the result obtained the corrected value of the measurement result. the time interval in the channel, the one-hundredth pulse, and gives the desired value of the time interval.

Claims (5)

1. A time meter, comprising a counting pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the coarse measurement unit and the first and the inputs of the first and second precision measurement units, is, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, into it introduced an element of prohibition, three ten 15 20 25 thirty 35 0 five 0 pulse generator, fory-i unit of reference intervals, NOT element, microelectronics, two ambiguity resolution units and two OR elements, the output of the counting pulse generator connected to the first inputs of both ambiguity-removal units and the reference interval generation unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the coarse measurement unit, and the third and fourth inputs are connected to the first outputs of the first and second, respectively, of the exact measurement units, the second outputs of which are connected1 to the inverse and direct inputs, respectively, of the prohibition element, the output of which is connected via the first pulse shaper to the five microelectric input, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of both ambiguity units and the unit for forming reference intervals directly and through the element NOT to the first inputs of the second and third pulse shapers , the second inputs of which are connected respectively with the Start and Stop tires, the outputs of the second and third pho {; pulse generators are connected to the first inputs of the first and second OR elements, respectively, the second inputs of which are combined and connected to the first output of the forming unit; the stage of the longest intervals, the second output of which is connected to the third inputs of the disambiguation unit, the output of the first OR element, is connected to the fourth input the first block. Disambiguation and the second input of the first block of accurate measurement, the third input of which is connected to the first output of the first block of the ambiguity, the second output. D which is connected to the second input of the coarse measurement unit, the output of the second element OR is connected to the fourth input of the second ambiguity control unit and the second input of the second exact measurement unit, the third input of which is connected to the first output of the second ambiguity resolution unit, the second output of which is connected to the third input block rough measurement. 2. The meter according to claim 1, about tl and - h and s and so that each block of ambiguity with holds three flip-flops, three IS-NOT elements and an AND element, the output of the first trigger is connected to the first input of the first AND-NOT element, the second input of which is the first input of the block and connected to the first input of the second AND-NOT element whose output is The first input is a block input, and the second input connected to the output of the second trigger is the second output of the block, the second input of which is connected to the first input of the third NAND element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the third trigger A.; the output is connected to neipBowy the input element And the second in One of which is connected to the C-input of the third trigger and the output of the first element NAND, and the output of the element I is connected to the O-input of the second trigger, the third and fourth inputs of the block are connected respectively to the C- and S-inputs of the first trigger, D-inputs all triggers are connected and connected to the bus Coy I. 3. The meter according to claim 1, that is, that the unit for forming the reference intervals contains two elements AND, a frequency divider, a trigger, two counters and a frequency multiplier, the first input of the block is connected to the first input of the first element I directly and through a frequency multiplier to the first input of the second element I, the second input of which is connected to the trigger output and the output to the counting input of the first 0 0 five 0 five counter, the bit inputs of which are connected to the bit outputs of the second counter., and the output is connected to the counting input of the second counter, the first output of the block and the t-input of the trigger, the input b of which is connected to the second output of the block and the output of the frequency splitter whose input is connected to the output of the first element And, the second input of which is connected to the second input of the block. , four-. The meter according to claim 1, that is, so that, each precision measurement unit contains a trigger, a pulse counter, a time scale converter and an And element, with the first input of the block connected to the first input of the And element, The second input is connected to the second output of the block and the output of the scaler, and the output to the input of the pulse counter, the output of which is the first output of the block, the second and third inputs of which are connected respectively to S and R, the trigger inputs, the output of which is connected to sc converter input Emeni. 5. The meter according to claim 1, from which the GRU measurement unit contains a pulse counter and the element I, the first, second and third inputs of which are respectively the first, second and third inputs of the block, and the output is connected to the input of the counter, the output of which is the output of the block. Editor M. Bandura Compiled by L. Pletneva Tehred o.Sopko Proofreader V. But ha Order 3486/41 Circulation 338 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4