SU1234296A1 - Steep belt conveyer - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a lifting and transport machinery, in particular to belt conveyors for the vertical and steeply conveying bulk materials.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the operation of the conveyor by increasing the range of regulation of efforts to press the deflection of their drums to the belts.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of a steeply inclined belt conveyor, non-operating position; in fig. 2 - the same in the working position; in fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a conveyor with a constant curvature of the belts, an operating position; in fig. 4 shows section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 5 - rejection of the udium drum on the hub and the bypass element; in fig. 6 - steeply inclined conveyor belt with an additional drive drum, general view.

The steeply inclined belt conveyor for transporting bulk materials includes cargo 1 and pressure 2 driven closed smooth conveyor belts, a loading part comprising hopper 3 and damping rollers 4, driving 5, pivoting 6 and end 7 drums. The deflecting drums 8 are mounted along the entire conveyor route in two vertical rows. By means of the deflecting drums, the cargo and pressure tapes are closed to create a volume of a closed cavity 9 between them and eliminate the spillage of the transported material. pivotally mounted on the frame 12 of the conveyor. Both rows of levers are mounted with a slope, with one row of levers with deflecting drums mounted on the frame of the conveyor with displacement relative to the levers of the other row in the vertical direction by half a step. Each of the deflecting drums contains an elastic working casing 13, made, for example, of a material similar to the material of a conveyor belt, and mounted on end discs 14 mounted on an axis 15. The drum axis is mounted in sub-supports 16, which are fixed on the ends of inclined levers 10. Each of the lever-. 10 is equipped with an additional link, made in the form of a yoke 17. The beam on its ends has fasteners parallel to one another and performing the functions of the axes 18, 19 in the form of bolts. The yoke by means of the locking mechanism is fixed on the lever 10 with the possibility of its angular fixed rotation in a plane parallel to the movement. On the free axes of the 19 rocker arms, bypass elements are installed in the form of blocks 20. If necessary, the rockers with the blocks can move along the levers, for example, by swapping their axes 18 along a number of holes 21 made in the levers. The locking mechanism is made in the form of washers 22 and 23. Each washer, along its one end, has a serrated surface, with which they face one another, and on the outer ends of the face plate have radial grooves. The radial groove 24 of the washer 23 covers inclined levers, and the radial groove 25 of the washer 22 likewise covers the rocker 17. The oblique levers, toothed washers and the rocker arm are pressed against each other by fasteners 26 located on the threaded portion of the axis 18.

The blocks 20 of the levers 10 are kinematically connected with one other flexible element, made, for example, in the form of a cable 27, which, covering the blocks on the outside, alternately switches from a block of a deflecting drum of one row to a block of an adjacent deflecting drum of another row. The upper end of the cable is fixed to the frame of the conveyor, and the lower end of the cable is equipped with a tensioning device. As a tensioning device, any technical solution known for these purposes can be used, for example, a tension load 28. Under the action of the weight of the load 28, the tension of the cable 27 occurs, the force from which is transmitted through the blocks 20 and the rocker arms 17 to the inclined support on the conveyor frame levers with deflecting drums. Since the cable alternately covers the blocks of the levers of both rows of deflecting drums from the outer sides, the force from the tension of the rope tightens the deflecting drums, displacing them (due to the angular rotation of the levers) towards one

5 different. In this case, the deflecting drums on both sides push the load and pressure tapes to each other and by installing one row of deflecting drums offset by half a step relative to the other row of deflecting drums, the steeply inclined section of the conveyor route takes a zigzag shape. The displacement of the deflecting drums of both rows during the formation of the zigzag section of the route occurs until

5 until the drums and ribbons are in an equilibrium position, in which the component of the cable centering force applied to each drum will be balanced by the response of the curved portion of the conveyor belts adjacent to this drum.

0 Since the tension force of the cable is the same along its entire length and is set by the weight of the tension load, when the ratios of the shoulders / 1 from the axis of the hinge of the lever to the block and, respectively, of the shoulder / 2 to the axis are equal, the reel of the drum as well as with equal angles and between the running down and the oncoming branches of the cable of each block, the power effects on the load and. clamping tape from the side of the diverting drums

0

will also be the same. Taking into account that, for a non-operating conveyor, the tension force of the load and pressure tapes along the entire length of the route is close to a constant value equal to the preload tension force of the latter, then the bending of the tapes under the action of the same forces from each deflecting drum will also be the same. As a result, for an inoperative steeply inclined belt conveyor, the deflecting drums are arranged in two parallel equidistant ones from one another.

By selecting the size of the load, you can set the required force to preload the deflecting drums to the load and compression bands. In addition, the magnitude of the pressing force on the belts of each deflecting drum depends on the fixed position of the rocker arm with the block relative to the inclined lever carrying the deflecting drum, namely, the ratio of the arms from the lever arm to the axis of the block l to the axis of the drum E and the angle C between the incident cable and the branches running down from it.

The steeply inclined belt conveyor operates as follows.

Bulk material from the hopper 3 flows in a uniform flow on the cargo tape 1, having a tray shape in the loading section due to its movement on the shock-absorbing rollers 4.

The cargo, having received the speed equal to the speed of the cargo tape on its loading part, enters the closed cavity formed by the tape 1 and 2 and the lower deflecting drum on the transition section of the conveyor. Then, both belts with a load move together upwards, alternately from different sides of the curve, deflecting drums 8 and form in the center between the belts a closed cavity with the transported material. At the same time, the shape and volume of the closed cavity, depending on the amount of incoming bulk material, automatically self-align due to the deflection of the elastic elastic shells of the deflecting drums.

At the very top of the conveyor belt 1 and 2 are separated and guided in different directions, with the material moving along the cargo belt 1, from which material is transferred to the subsequent mechanisms of the technological chain.

When the conveyor is switched on and the load and pressure tapes start moving, the magnitude of the force of the longitudinal tension of the latter immediately changes, namely, the sum of concentrated and distributed resistance forces to the movement of these tapes is added to the preload tension of the tapes, while the resistance forces increase along the contour of the conveyor belt in the direction of transporting the material. From this it follows that the force of longitudinal tension

The cargo and pressure conveyor belts become variable and also increase in the direction of material transport, i.e., from the lower deflecting drum to the upper. In this case, the force effect of the deflecting drums on the tapes remains almost unchanged and remains the same as that of the non-operating conveyor. This is explained by the fact that the magnitude of the force effect of the deflecting drums on the conveyor belts depends only on the weight of the tension load, the ratio of the shoulders on the inclined lever and the angle a between the running down and the incident branches of the cable. And since the inclusion of the conveyor in the works does not cause a change in the values of the indicated parameters, the magnitude of the force of each deflecting drum on the conveyor belts remains the same. And since the deflecting drums and the adjacent curved sections of the conveyor belts are always in equilibrium, the magnitude of the reactions of the individual curved sections of the belts also remain unchanged.

On the other hand, the magnitude of the reaction of the curved section of the belts depends on the magnitude of the force of the longitudinal tension of the belts and the curvature of this curved section. Increasing the tension of the longitudinal tension of the belts changes one of two factors that determine the magnitude of the reaction of the curved section of the cargo and pressure belt of the conveyor. In this case, the magnitude of the reaction of this curved section can remain unchanged only if a corresponding change in another factor, namely, a decrease in the curvature of the adjacent section of ribbons, occurs.

During operation, this process occurs automatically and in response to any increase in tension on each section of the belts, an instantaneous corresponding decrease in their curvature occurs, while the belts shift the deflecting drums to the outer sides due to their angular rotation on the levers. This shift occurs until the tapes and the deflecting drums take up a new equilibrium position, in which the force effect from each of the deflecting drums is not balanced by the reaction of the bent sections of the tapes adjacent to these drums, but with less of them bending for increasing the force of longitudinal tension. In view of the fact that the force of longitudinal tension of the belts increases in the direction of the transported material, the magnitude of the bending of the belts for each subsequent deflecting drum will be less than that of the previous one. As a result, the steeply inclined path section of the conveyor takes a zigzag shape with a curvature of curvature of the deflecting drums constantly decreasing in the transport direction of the material and the latter are arranged in two rows diverging to the top (Fig. 2).

When any change in the mode of operation of the conveyor, the deflecting drums and adjacent sections of the belts, automatically adapting to the new conditions, automatically align themselves to the new equilibrium position, but always remain constant at the level of a predetermined force effect of the deflecting drums on the belts and their counterbalancing reactions of the curved sections of the belts, and, consequently, constant efforts are made to compress these belts one to another and the pressure on the transported material enclosed between them.

Due to the floating installation of the deflecting drums, kinematically interconnected by a single cable-tensioning device, the minimum possible effort to tighten the belts throughout the steeply inclined section of the conveyor track remains close to a constant value at the lower deflection drum. Keeping forces from the side of the deflecting drums to preload the belts one to another close to a constant value at the lowest possible level along the entire conveyor route provides a significant reduction in the loads acting on the conveyor elements, which makes it possible to reduce their required strength and, therefore, material intensity.

A decrease in the forces acting on the deflecting drums and belts reduces friction losses during their movement and, combined with a reduction in the cost of bending of the cargo and pressure tapes (due to a decrease in their curvature), leads to a significant reduction in the energy intensity of the conveyor.

If necessary, by changing the mass of the tension load, you can change the efforts to press the belts one to another along the entire steeply inclined section of the conveyor route, and by changing the ratios of the shoulders by individual

By changing levers and changing the angular position of the rockers with the blocks fixed at their ends, you can selectively adjust the efforts of pressing the individual drums to the transporting belts or a group of deflecting drums in certain parts of the conveyor route. The presence of the rocker arm with the bypass block fixed at its end expands the area of the possible placement of the block with a view to the favorable effect of factors contributing to an increase (or decrease) in the efforts to push the drums to the tapes. So, turning the yoke with a fixed fastening of its axis on an inclined lever and setting it to the extreme position with the maximum distance of the bypass unit from the drum axis horizontally, we maximize the distance between two vertical rows of blocks and, therefore, reduce the angle to minimum between wet

about 5

0

5 0 5

in the cable, covering each block, and this contributes to the creation of the maximum force of the drums against the tapes under the given conditions. Conversely, turning the yoke in such a way as to bring the block as close as possible to the axis of the drum horizontally, we maximize the angle between the branches of the drum and, therefore, reduce the force of the drum to the transporting belts to a minimum. Increasing the top and reducing the lower boundaries of the efforts of pressing the reels to the tapes provides an increase in the range of adjusting the efforts of the preload, which is especially important when selectively adjusting; auxiliary drive drums located in the middle part of the conveyor route.

In conveyors with large traffic flows and lengths, under certain conditions, it may be that the reduction in the curvature of the belt in the upper sections of the route can exceed the permissible limits, under which the zigzag form of the belt is significantly adjusted, the angle of coverage of the deflecting drums with the transporting belts is significantly reduced, and between the drums There will be straight sections of ribbons of considerable length. In the middle of such straight sections, the load and the pressure tapes are pressed against each other, necessary to hold the load between the tapes, and due to the flowability of the load in the cross section of the tapes, an unstable zone is formed, which causes the appearance of additional expansion side pressures, which can lead to the appearance of material spillage in the side gaps between the bands.

To eliminate this drawback, it is necessary for the group of deflecting drums located on the upper part of the conveyor route, which have curvature of transporting belts less than permissible standards, to ensure a gradual increase in the force of the drums to the belts in the direction of material transportation. An increase in the effort of pressing the individual deflecting drums to the belts is achieved by a corresponding change in the angular position of the rocker arms with blocks relative to the inclined levers carrying these deflecting drums, as well as by shifting the rocker arms along the length of the levers (FNG. 3). At the same time, an increase in the efforts of pressing the deflecting drums on the considered upper section should be sufficient to obtain the necessary curvature of the belt run, which ensures a stable execution of the technological process of transporting bulk material without spillage between the load and pressure tapes.

Thus, by scf t selective adjustment of individual rocker arms with blocks on inclined levers, you can get a zigzag shape of the track with different curvature of the bending tape of deflecting drums, and the curvature of the track can vary over a wide range both along the whole contour and in its individual sections , providing for specific technological conditions satisfactory operability of the conveyor, while not allowing a significant increase in loads on its elements.

With a large length of the conveyor to avoid slipping of the drive drum relative to the transporting belts and reducing the loads acting on the elec

Conveyor cops, install one or more intermediate drives. As an intermediate drive drum 29, it is advisable to use one of the deflecting drums installed in the middle of the conveyor track (Phn. 6). On such a drum, the force of pressing the tapes to it should be significantly increased compared with the force of pressing the tapes on the other deflecting drums. This increase in preload is achieved by moving the rocker with the block closer to the drum axis and the angular rotation of the rocker arm, ensuring in its present position the maximum possible horizontal distance of the envelope block 20 from the axis of the driving drum 29 to the outer sides of the conveyor belt.

FS / G.2

FIG. f

13 20 21

(Reg. 5

Compiled by G. Nenakhov

Editor M. KelemeshTehred I. VeresKorrektor V. But ha

Order 2689/24 Circulation CW Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries

113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5

Branch PPP "Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

FIG. 6

Claims (2)

1. A STEEL-INCLINED TAPE CONVEYOR containing cargo and pressure tapes, envelopes of drive, tension and two rows of deflecting drums, of which the latter are mounted on levers carrying bypass elements connected by a flexible element, alternately enveloping bypass elements of the levers of one row of deflecting drums and the bypass elements of the levers of another series of deflecting drums, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the conveyor by increasing the range of regulation of the efforts of the preload deflecting their drums to the tapes, each bypass element is mounted on the lever by means of a rocker arm, at one end of which a bypass element is fixed, and the other end is connected to the lever by means of a locking mechanism with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination of the rocker arm to the lever. 2. The conveyor in π. 1, characterized in that each locking mechanism is made in the form of two washers concentrically mounted on the lever and rocker, in which the cams facing one another have cams, while the washers are interconnected by means of a fastening element. Fig.u