SU1232869A1 - Friction expanding clutch - Google Patents

Description

FIELD: engineering and use. (As a safety clutch in mechanical gears.

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The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and durability of the structure due to the smooth increase of the load capacity and automatic disconnection of the driven coupling half from the drive after a certain period of time after its jamming.

FIG. 1 shows the friction centrifugal clutch in the initial position; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 — coupling at the moment of switching on (supplying fluid), longitudinal section; in fig. 4 - the same in the working position.

The clutch consists of a hollow coupling half 1 and a driven coupling half 2, interconnected freaks with young discs 3 and 4. The coupling centrifugal mechanism contains a hollow pressure disk 5 mounted on the coupling half 1 with axial displacement and fixed from rotation of the splines 6. Inside the hub part of the pressure disc 5 there is a piston 7, whose shank, having a channel 8, opening into the cavity 9 between the pressure disk 5 and the piston 7, is fixedly mounted along the axis of the drive coupling 1. Channel 8 is a odolzhe-. the channel of the leading coupling half 1, connected to the source of the working medium supply under pressure. A spring 10 is installed at the end of the piston 7, abutting against the cover 11 of the pressure disk 5.

On the pressure disk 5, the sleeve 12 is fixed for rotation, fixed axially by the cover 11. The sleeve 12 is equipped with diverging and fixed in it with tension and inclined plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the coupling, guide elements 13, forming a joint with sleeve 12

(Fig. 2). These cams interact with the ends 18 and 19 of the stops 20 of the leading 5 coupling half, and the cams 17 with a bevel are set at a distance from the stops 20 in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the driven coupling half 2. The centrifugal weights 14 have spring-loaded ball bearings 21, which interact with the housing 22 of the driven half-coupling 2, which encloses on the Kim centrifugal mechanism. Centrifugal loads. 14 are equipped with a flag 23, which is freely mounted on the axis 24 of the hinge 25 and cooperates with the last torsion spring 26, pressing the straight cams 16 against the stops 20. The coupling element is fixed to the actuator drive element 27, which can be mounted on the hub part of the driven half coupling 2 ( Fig. O, but if necessary, can be mounted either on the body part 22, or from the end from the side of the cover 25 (not shown).

The clutch works as follows.

In the initial position (FIG. 1), the clutch is disconnected, the release spring 10 moves the pressure disk 5 with the centrifugal mechanism mounted on it to the left against the stop of the centrifugal weights 14 into the support disk 15, creating a gap 5 between the end face of the pressure disk 5 and the drive friction plate 3. The drivers 3 and the driven 4 friction discs that are not pressed in the axial direction, while rotating the leading coupling half 1 freely slip one relative to the other, and the rotation driven

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coupling half 2 is not transmitted,

To activate the clutch, fluid working medium, such as compressed air, is supplied under pressure through the channel in the leading half-hole / fra 1 and channel 8 of the piston 7 enters the cavity 9, which leads to a shift to the right of the pressure disk 5, which, overcoming

resistance of the spring 10, compresses the torus for axially frictionally installed SO on them friction disjoint loads 14.ki 3 and 4. At the same time, the centrifugal forces are turned aside, opposite to 14 together with the sleeve 12 and the friction disks 3 and 4, by the guiding elements 13, the displacement of the centrifugal weights 14 is in movable contact with the supporting 55 disk 15. The periphery part of the cadac

from the right of the supporting disk 15, the gap 5 with it (FIG.,

Under the action of friction forces, arising under axial compression of the friction discs 3 and 4, the rotation of the leading half-centrifugal load 14 has two cups, the front 16 — forward and backward.

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17 (in the direction of the mu-i, indicated by the arrow) - with a bevel

32869

Scientific research institute

you,

(Fig. 2). These cams interact with the ends 18 and 19 of the stops 20 of the leading 5 coupling half, and the cams 17 with a bevel are set at a distance from the stops 20 in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the driven coupling half 2. The centrifugal weights 14 have spring-loaded ball bearings 21, which interact with the housing 22 of the driven half-coupling 2, which encloses on the Kim centrifugal mechanism. Centrifugal loads. 14 are equipped with a flag 23, which is freely mounted on the axis 24 of the hinge 25 and cooperates with the last torsion spring 26, pressing the straight cams 16 against the stops 20. The coupling element is fixed to the actuator drive element 27, which can be mounted on the hub part of the driven half coupling 2 ( Fig. O, but if necessary, can be mounted either on the body part 22, or from the end from the side of the cover 25 (not shown).

The clutch works as follows.

In the initial position (FIG. 1), the clutch is disconnected, the release spring 10 moves the pressure disk 5 with the centrifugal mechanism mounted on it to the left against the stop of the centrifugal weights 14 into the support disk 15, creating a gap 5 between the end face of the pressure disk 5 and the drive friction plate 3. The drivers 3 and the driven 4 friction discs that are not pressed in the axial direction, while rotating the leading coupling half 1 freely slip one relative to the other, and the rotation driven

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coupling half 2 is not transmitted,

To activate the clutch, fluid working medium, such as compressed air, is supplied under pressure through the channel in the leading half-hole / fra 1 and channel 8 of the piston 7 enters the cavity 9, which leads to a shift to the right of the pressure disk 5, which, overcoming

Zy 14 together with the sleeve 12 and the guiding elements 13 move-

from the right of the supporting disk 15, the gap 5 with it (FIG.,

Under the action of friction forces, arising under axial compression of the friction disks 3 and 4, the rotation of the driving coupling half 1 is transmitted to the driven coupling half 2 and the working element of the actuator drive 27 attached to it. This provides the beginning of the working process of the machine, which, as applied to the auger rotary snow plow, for example, which illustrates the use of the invention, means the beginning of the development of snow by its active working bodies. In this case, the stops 20 of the driven half-coupling 2 begin to act on the forward cams 16 of the centrifugal weights 14, driving them in rotation (Fig. 2).

Under the action of centrifugal forces, centrifugal weights 14 are dispensed along obliquely mounted guide elements 13. This leads jK to the fact that centrifugal weights 14 during their rotation simultaneously move in two directions - radially to the body part 22 of the driven half-coupling 2 and to the left to the disk 15 (Fig. 4). At the moment when the end face touches each centrifugal load 14 of the support disk 15 (there is still a gap between the peripheral part of the centrifugal loads 14 and the housing 22), the pressure centrifugal mechanism comprising the centrifugal loads 14, the guide elements 13 and the sleeve 12 with the pressure disc 5 turns out to be in a thrust between the supporting disc 15 and the friction discs 3 and 4.

Now an increase in the frequency of rotation of the coupling leads to a radial displacement of the centrifugal weights 14 only with the addition of one. compressing the package of friction discs 3 and 4. Thus, the pressure disk 5 is under the force of centrifugal loads 14, which, pushing from the disk 15, through the guide elements 13 and the sleeve 12, create sufficient axial compression of the friction discs 3 and 4, allowing During further operation of the coupling, the pressure in the working medium in it will be dispensed with, and the axial compression of the friction disks 3 and 4 (gap S,) must be maintained by the centrifugal forces in the pressure centrifugal mechanism.

After this, the supply of the working medium to the cavity 9 is stopped, and the transfer of the torque from the actuator to the working member occurs due to the axial flow.

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forces transmitted to the friction discs 3 and 4 by centrifugal weights 14.

The clutch works in working mode, ensuring the development of snow with a snowplow. At the same time, changes in the density of snow and small inclusions of solid objects do not affect the operation of the system, since the centrifugal mechanism is mounted inside the driven half coupling 2 on the sleeve 12, which is rotatably mounted on the pressure disk 5, which allows the elements to change their relative position one. but different within the limits of the possibility of circular displacement of the stops 20 between the cams 16 and 17. Therefore, a certain lag during rotation associated with the working body of the driven coupling half 2 from the speed of rotation of the centrifugal the pressing mechanism does not disturb the operation, since in this case the latter rotates under the action of inertia and frictional forces is also in a state somewhat slow its rotation until the ends 18 of stops 20 again not engage the cams 16 straight centrifugal weights 14.

Even a sharp deceleration of the working body rotation, caused by a larger object hitting Herd, does not cause the coupling to disengage if overcoming this obstacle occurred in a time not exceeding the relative rotation time of these nodes with respect to each other and necessary for running cams 17 with centrifugal bevels loads 14 on the inclined ends of 19 stops 20 of the driven half coupling 2,

When the clutch is overloaded, rotation of the driven coupling half 2 stops for some moment of time. Centrifugal weights 14 rotate by inertia, you see the checkbox 23. tighten the spring 26, which gives an additional elastic force and fflyly driven coupling half 2, and through it and the working body, and only if it is a smooth increase of the moment in the drive, using the inertial forces of the centrifugal mechanism, acting in this case with the expansion of its main pressure function, does not lead to overcoming obstacles to the working body m, there is a stop of the working body and the drive element 27 associated with it and the driven coupling half 2.

When this occurs, the clutch is automatically disconnected due to the forced action of the bevels 19 of the stops 20 of the driven half-coupling 2 on the bevels of the cams 17 of the centrifugal weights 14 and the shift of the latter in the direction of the axis of the clutch. The spring 26, the stops 20 and the ball bearings 21 dampen the speed of the centrifugal weights which, under the action of the spring-loaded ball bearings 21, move up to the stop into the sleeve 12, and the pressure disk 5 moves to the left under the action of the release spring 10, releasing the friction disks 3 and 4. The clutch is automatically disconnected, while the centrifugal push mechanism also stops, despite rotating inside it.

the pressure disk 5 being braked by the spring 26, which smoothly slows down the centrifugal pressure mechanism, and after it stops, again brings the contact surface 18 of the stops 20 and the cams 16, affecting the flag 23 on one of the centrifugal weights 14. The simultaneous rotation of all centrifugal weights 14 is provided by a radial installing guide elements 13, which, together with sleeve 12, play the role of a separator. The clutch is prepared for new work cycles. Its reclosing is carried out by the POR1YON feed of the working medium (compressed air) into the sleeve under pressure.

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Claims (1)

FRICTION CENTRIFUGAL COUPLING, containing the leading and driven half-couplings connected by friction disks, a spring-loaded pressure disk, a support disk mounted movably on the pressure disk, a centrifugal pressure mechanism in the form of centrifugal weights arranged to interact with the pressure and support disks in a separator consisting of a sleeve and guiding elements, and stops * with the possibility of interaction with centrifugal loads, stops with bevels and radially directed surfaces, which consists of In order to increase reliability and durability due to a smooth increase in load capacity and automatic shutdown when an overload occurs after a specified period of time, it is equipped with a hydraulic actuator, the piston of which is fixedly mounted on the leading coupling half, the centrifugal push mechanism is kinematically connected with the driven coupling half, the driven coupling half is made in the form of a covering push coupling centrifugal mechanism of the housing, the stops are fixed on the housing, the sleeve is mounted to rotate on the pressure disk, for example The bearing elements are inclined to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the coupling, centrifugal weights have front cams in the direction of rotation of the coupling <g, cams with radially directed surfaces, spring-loaded to the radially directed surfaces of the stops, and rear cams with bevels located at a distance from the bevels of the stops in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the coupling, while in the pressure disk a cavity is made, the piston is placed in the cavity, and the leading coupling half and the piston are connected with the cavity between the pressure disk and the piston channels for supplying a working medium under pressure. SU „1232869