SU1231246A1 - System of preparing and feeding water-fuel emulsion in internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to engine building.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the engine and reduce energy consumption due to the optimal metering of water, depending on the engine power.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the system of preparation and supply of water-fuel emulsion in the internal combustion engine; figure 2 - diaphragm differential valve; Fig. 3 shows the regulating part of the diaphragm valve; figure 4 - the law of water supply to the fuel.

The system of preparation and supply of water-fuel emulsion contains fuel 1 and water 2 highway. The fuel line 1 connects the fuel tank 3 with the engine through the hydrodynamic disperser 4 installed on it, for supplying water and pre-dispersing it in the fuel flow, booster pump 5, performing secondary water dispersion, heater 6 with thermostat 7, fine filters 8, high pressure fuel pumps 9 with high pressure pipes 10. For returning the cut-off fuel, there is a pipe 11 with a non-return valve 12 and pipelines 13 and 14. Water to the pipeline 2 through the control and automatic metering module 15 installed on it and the control solenoid valve 16 connects the water tank 17 to the hydrodynamic dispersant 4. Control module 15 and automatic dosing contains a diaphragm regulating differential needle valve 18 for automatic dosing of water into the fuel and control of the dispersant 4 through the solenoid valve 16, c The electrical cable 19, supplied with power to the control valve 18, is supplied via cable 20. A pneumatic line 21 is installed to automatically control the control valve 18 from the source of charge air. In order to stabilize the pressure of water supplied to the control valve 18, a pressure reducing valve 22 is also installed. The module included a water filter 23 and a rotameter 24 to control the amount of water entering the fuel.

The regulating diaphragm-differential valve 18 consists of water 25 and air 26 cavities separated by a membrane 27. To dispense water coming through line 2, a dosing faceplate 28 is installed and the regulating part is in the form of a needle 29, needle valve 18, for control, membrane 30 and adjustable spring 31 are installed. Air is supplied to cavity 26 via pneumatic line 21. Solenoid valve 16 is controlled by microswitch 32 by means of device 33,

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The regulating part (needle 29) of the valve 18 is made of three sections of different profiles: the first (A) is conical, the second (B) is cylindrical, the third (C) is parabolic. Moreover, the first section constitutes 40% of the total length of the regulating part of valve 18, the second 20% and the third 40%. The specified profile of the regulating part of the valve 18 allows the law to supply water to the fuel (Fig. 4), which expresses the dependence of the optimum water concentration in the fuel, ensuring maximum fuel economy at a given power, on the engine power. The first profile of the regulating part of the valve 18 provides water supply in accordance with the A section of the curve (figure 4), the second B - the section of the curve; the third is With a curve section.

The system works as follows.

Water from the tank 17 through line 2 flows to the control and automatic metering module 15, where, having passed through the filter 23 and the reducing valve 22, under constant pressure flows to the control valve 18 into the cavity 25. At the same time, the control valve 18 is supplied from the charge air source along the pneumatic line 21 into the cavity 26, pressurized air, which, acting on the membrane 30, drives the regulating part 29 of the needle valve 18. As the regulating part moves, the flow area in the hole changes it schayby 28, respectively, with the water supply law. By the end part 35, the needle 29 moves the device 34 and, when reaching the position corresponding to the minimum revolutions, moves the electromagnetic valve 2 and switches the microswitch 32 through the conduit through the rotameter 24 and the electromagnet 16 to the hydrodynamic dispersant 4, which produces coarse dispersion and even distribution of the water globules in the fuel flow coming through line 1 from the tank 3. The water-fuel mixture is taken up by the booster pump 5, which produces ispergirovanie globules of water until the desired particle size and water emulsion prepared through the preheater 6 and the filter 8 takes a high-pressure pump 9, which via conduits 10, a high pressure emulsion fed through nozzles into the cylinder of the engine. The cut-off fuel through line 11 and 13 is returned to the system in front of the boost pump 5. If the engine is not running on the water-fuel emulsion, the cut-off fuel through lines 11 and 14 is returned to tank 3.

In the system for preparing and supplying a fuel-in-water emulsion to an internal combustion engine, an installed automatic control valve controlled by charge air with a differential cross section needle can have any desired characteristic that ensures optimum dosing of water into fuel depending on engine power, which ensures maximum economy fuel. The elements used in the fuel preparation system perform new additional functions, which excludes the use of various types of emulsifiers, pumps, storage tanks for emulsions and recirculation circuits. This simplifies the design, reduces energy consumption and metal consumption of the device.

Testing of the system showed that the implementation of dosing of water, depending on engine power, provides fuel savings of up to 4%, reduction of carbon formation by 53% and exhaust gas temperature by 30 ° C.

Thus, the proposed system provides increased efficiency by optimizing the dosing of water.

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Claims (3)

1. A SYSTEM FOR PREPARING AND SUPPLYING WATER-FUEL EMULSION TO THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE with a charge air source, comprising a water main with a tank and a regulating device made in the form of a membrane differential needle valve with a regulating part, and a fuel main with a pump and a tank and a water tank with a tank and a tank through an electromagnetic valve and a hydrodynamic dispersant, characterized in that, in order to increase economy by optimizing the dosage of water, regulating The needle valve is made up of three sections connected in series: the first section (from the base of the valve) with a conical profile, the second with a cylindrical profile and the third with a parabolic profile, the first section being 40% of the total length of the regulating part, the second 20 % and the third - 40%. 2. The system by π. 1, characterized in that the actuator of the membrane differential and electromagnetic valves is implemented from pressure in the source of charge air. _β 3. The system of claims. 1 and 2, characterized in that the water line is connected to the fuel line at the inlet of the latter to the booster pump. figure 1