SU1230745A1 - Apparatus for plasma-mechanical working of hard-workable materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to machining and is intended for machining with preheating of difficult-to-machine materials.

The purpose of the device is to increase the productivity of the plasma-mechanical processing process and increase the durability of the cutting tool by introducing new components into the known device, as well as by changing the connections between the nodes.

The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed device for the machining of difficult-to-process materials with plasma heating.

The device comprises a plasma torch 1 fed from a power source 2, a mechanism 3 for vertical movement of a plasma torch with a control circuit, an executive engine 4 for a mechanism for the angular rotation of the plasma torch. The magnitude of the angular rotation of the plasma torch is measured by the sensor 5 of the angular rotation of the plasma torch. A distance sensor b from the axis 7 of rotation of the plasma torch to the surface 8 and a sensor 9 of the distance from the axis 7 of rotation of the plasma torch to the surface 10 determine the position of the plasma torch during processing.

The device also includes a series-connected subtracting unit 11, a first comparison unit 12, a second comparison unit 13, and a power amplifier 14, the output of which is connected to the executive motor 4 of the plasma torch rotation mechanism. The outputs of sensors 6 and 9 are from the axis of rotation of the plasma torch to the processed 8 and processed 10 surfaces are connected to the inputs of the subtraction unit 11, and the output of the sensor 5 of the angular rotation of the plasma torch is connected to the inverse input of the second comparison unit 13.

The device works as follows.

The plasma arc between the plasma torch 1 and the product is supported by the power source 2. When the arc length deviates from the given one, the mechanism 3 automatically triggers the vertical movement of the plasma torch and raises or lowers the plasma torch 1 above the cutting surface. Moving the plasma torch together with the axis of rotation 7, the position of which is determined by the sensor 6 over the surface being processed, and above the processed surface by the sensor 9. The signals from these sensors go to the subtraction unit 11 where they are subtracted. The output signal of this block is proportional to the size of the cut-off allowance and is compared with the signal of the specified angle of rotation in comparison unit 12, the output signal

Compiled by A. Shubin

Editor L. AvramenkoTehred I. VeresKorrektor L. Patay

Order 2307/14 Circulation 1001Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries

113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5

Branch PPP "Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Projects, 4

which is compared in block 13 of comparison with the signal of the sensor 5 of the angular rotation. The difference of these signals goes to the power amplifier 14, and from there to the executive engine 4 of the plasma torch rotation mechanism.

If the angle of rotation of the plasma torch is equal to the specified, and the value of the allowance is equal to the nominal, i.e., the reference spot of the plasma arc divides the cutting surface in the specified

0 ratio, the signal from the output of the second unit of comparison 13 is absent. When the angle of rotation deviates from the preset at the output of the second unit of comparison 13, the voltage of the error appears, which is supplied to the power amplifier 14, which is the source of power for the actuator 4 of the mechanism

angular rotation of the plasma torch. Turn

the plasma torch is produced until

the voltage of the error will not be equal to zero.

When the deviation of the allowance from

Q of the nominal value changes the output signal from the sensor 6 from the axis of rotation of the plasma torch to the surface to be treated. In this case, the output signal of the subtracting unit 11 will also change, since the difference in the readings of the sensors 9 and 6

5 will become a friend. A change in the output signal of the subtracting unit 11 is equivalent to a change in the signal of a given angle of rotation, i.e. the output signal of the first comparison unit 12 changes in proportion to the change in the size of the allowance. In this case, the output of the second

 comparator unit 13, the voltage of the fault appears, as a result of which the plasma torch rotates around the axis of rotation 7. The anode of the plasma arc will displace on the cutting surface and again the surface of the cutting will be divided by the reference arc of the arc in a given ratio. Thus, when the value of the allowance fluctuates, the withdrawal of the arc reference pattern from the cutting surface is eliminated, and the latter reference arc spot will always be divided in a given ratio.

0 Elimination of the arc displacement from the cutting surface during fluctuations of the allowance, as well as automatic installation of the arc reference spot at a given place on the cutting surface will ensure the stability of the optimal plasma heating mode during processing,

5 which will lead to an increase in the durability of the cutting tool and the possibility of increasing the cutting modes, i.e., an increase in the machining productivity. The use of the proposed machining device will increase the service life of the cutting tool by 2 times, and the productivity by 1.5 times.

Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR PLASMA-MECHANICAL PROCESSING OF DIFFERENT PROCESSED MATERIALS, including a cutter, a plasma torch installed with the possibility of synchronous movement with a cutter, a power source for the plasma torch, a mechanism for vertical movement of the plasma torch, a control system for moving the plasma torch, the main drive drive, characterized in that processing productivity and increase the resistance of the cutting tool, the device is additionally equipped with a mechanism for angular rotation of the plasma torch relative to the cutting characteristics, a sensor of angular rotation of the plasma torch, a sensor of distance from the axis of rotation of the plasma torch to the surface to be treated, a sensor of distance from the axis of rotation of the surface to be machined, and also sequentially connected by a subtraction unit, a first comparison unit, a second comparison unit with an inverse input, a power amplifier, and outputs the distance sensor from the axis of rotation of the plasma torch to the machined and processed surfaces are connected to the inputs of the subtraction unit, the output of the angle rotation sensor is connected to by the primary input of the first comparison unit, and the output of the second comparison unit is connected with the angular rotation mechanism of the plasma torch.