SU1227303A1 - Horizontal hammer with two-sided impact - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to the design of press and forging equipment.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the work of the horizontal hammer by increasing the synchronization accuracy of the movement of the working rods,

The drawing shows the design of the hammer.

The hammer contains a frame (not shown) two working cylinders, two control cylinders, differential spools 3 are located in shortly, differential spools 3 are located, working pistons with pistons 4, forming their outer surface with working cylinders. hydraulic cavities 5, and with their internal grooves in working rods with guides yushdmi sleeves 6 hydraulic cavities 7. Guiding sleeves 6 are fixedly mounted on the hammer frame (not shown) and mounted eccentrically relative to the axle of the working rods with pistons 4, Lednov its rear end face formed with the housings of the working cylinders one pneumatic chamber 8, which are filled with high pressure gas. In the differential spools 3, axial, 9, and radial 10 overs are made to communicate cavities 5 with the pressure line. The differential spools 3 form their end surface with hydraulic control chambers 11 and pressure hydraulic chambers 12 with bodies of control blocks 2. Circular grooves 3 and 14 are made in the body of blocks of control unit 2 to communicate rod cavities 5 with hydraulic cavities 7 in working rods. The cavities 7 are connected to a drain line by means of controlled check valves 15. The control chambers 16 of the controllable hydraulic reverse valves 15 are connected by a hydraulic line through a spool valve 17 to a pump station 18.

The device works as follows.

The working fluid from the pumping station 18 through the spool valve 17 enters the control valve 16 control chambers 16, causing the latter to open and connect the hydraulic

five

5 0 0 5 0 5 0

j

cavities 7 with a drain line, and also enters the hydraulic control chambers 11 and the pressure chambers 12 of the control units 2. Due to the difference in the areas of the ends of the differential spools 3, the force of the working fluid acting in the control chambers 11 is greater than the surges acting on the differential spools 3 from the side, the pressure chambers 12, as a result of which the differential spools 3 move and communicate hydraulic cavities 5 working cylinders 1 with a pressure line. The working fluid from the pumping station 18 enters the rod end 5 of the working cylinder and, due to the higher pressure of the working fluid in the hydraulic system than the pressure of the gas in the pneumatic: their chambers 8, move the working rods with pistons 4 to their initial positions, additionally compressing the gas in pneumatic chambers 8. At the same time, the working fluid from the cavities 7 through the controlled check valves 15 is removed to the drain line. Working rods with technological tools attached to them are diluted and store the necessary energy to complete the work stroke. After installation of the workpiece (not shown) in the working zone of the hammer, the spool hydrotrooper 17 is set to position B, with the result that the control chambers of the reverse hydraulic valve 15 and the control chamber 11 of the control units communicate with the drain line. As a result, the return controlled hydraulic valves 15 are closed and cut off the hydraulic cavities 7 of the working cylinders 1 from the drain line. At the same time, the differential spools 3, under the action of the pressure of the working fluid from the pressure chambers 12, displace the liquid from the control chambers 11 to the drain line, the differential spools move and connect the rod cavities 5 through the annular grooves 13 and 14 working cylinders 1. Under the action of high-pressure gas in the pneumatic chambers 8, the working rods move towards each other, displacing the working fluid from the hydraulic cavities 5 into the hydraulic cavities 7 opposite to working cylinders 1 and acquire the necessary stock of kinetic energy to perform the technological operation. At the same time, the working fluid in the hydraulic connection line of the operating rods is further compressed due to the difference in the volume of fluid displaced from the cavities 5 and entering the cavities 7, since the areas of the pistons 4 on the side of the hydraulic cavities are larger than those on the side of the hydraulic cavities 7. In this case, an increase in the pressure of the working fluid in the hydraulic communication lines occurs, which leads to a decrease in the compressibility modulus of the fluid and to an increase in the level of power Liquid flow to the working rods in the process of automatic regulation of the rate of transfer during the period of the working x; op; a. As a result, the synchronization accuracy of the movement of the operating rods is increased.

The dimensions of the areas are determined by the dependence

Sc

ring pl

the cavity of the working cylinder;

where S is the annular stock area

S, is the area of the end surface b

these cavities in the working stock; V is the volume of working fluid in

a line connecting these 5 cavities;

P - the nominal working pressure of the fluid in the hydraulic system; B is the modulus of compressibility of a fluid;

0 - stroke working rod. Since the guide bushing, fixedly mounted on the hammer frame, is mounted eccentrically to the rod-piston axis, during its movement 5 it loses the possibility of rotation about its axis and, thus, the technological tool fixedly fixed on the piston-rod of working cylinders, by the moment of the collision, it retains the predetermined orientation of its shaping grooves. At the end of the stroke for impact, the technological tools deform the workpiece, after which the gold valve 17 is set to position A, and then the hammer operation cycle is repeated.

The economic efficiency from the implementation of the invention is ensured by Qc by improving the quality of the operation of a horizontal hammer with a double-faced blow.

t7

1S 16

Editor N. Slobod Nick

Compiled by I. Bazumov

Tehred N. Bonkalo Proofreader E. Roshko

Order 2243/9 Circulation 655Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. ,, d. 4/5

Production and printing company Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

Claims (1)

HORIZONTAL MOLOT WITH BILATERAL IMPACT containing two working cylinders mounted on the frame, each of which has a hollow working rod with a piston and a guide sleeve of this rod with a channel that connects the cavity in the working rod through the distribution hydraulic equipment with the rod of the opposite working cylinder about the fact that with the purpose of improving the quality of machined parts by increasing the accuracy of synchronization, movement of working rods, working cylinders are made with an annular area of the rod cavity of each working cylinder of a larger area of the bottom surface of the cavity of its working rod, and the values of the specified areas are determined by: ⁸ s - ⁸ l - ^Ρ Η ^{ν / Β1} ν 'where 8 _b is the annular area of the rod end of the working cylinder; 8 _С - bottom surface area _e cavity working rod; ® V - the working volume of the highway connecting rod cavity of the working cylinder with the cavity of the working rod; Р _м - nominal working pressure in the hydraulic system; B is the modulus of elasticity of the working fluid; 1 _p - stroke length of the working rod. zi 1227303 >