SU1223831A3 - Machine for finishing tooth profiles of spur gears - Google Patents

Abstract

All guides associates with the tool are above the workpiece and therefore free from damage by swarf. The tool is driven by a motor (25) through a transmission which contains no bevel gears, but incorporates a universally jointed shaft (27). The tool head (13) is carried by a setting slide (10) mounted on a vertical slide (4). The tool head can be adjusted about a vertical axis on the lower part (45) of the setting slide which part can be adjusted about a horizontal axis on the upper part (44). Alternatively the setting slide may provide for reciprocation and rocking movement of the tool relative to the workpiece.

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to machines intended for the finishing of the tooth profiles of spur gears, for example, shaving, honing, fine plastic deformation, and the like.

A known machine for finishing the profiles of the teeth of cylindrical gears under conditions of free rolling is a gear-shaped tool containing a frame with a stand, with a carriage made of two parts installed on the guide track with vertical movement, the upper part of which is located on the caliper, and the lower part is placed with the possibility of rotation relative to the upper part, while the gear wheel is fixed in the centers of the front and rear headstock located on frame with the possibility of adjusting the distance between them fl.

This machine design is suitable only for finishing machining of tooth profiles with radial tool feed and does not allow machining gears with other tool feeding methods, for example, parallel, diagonal, etc.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the technological capabilities of the machine.

The goal is achieved

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the fact that in a machine tool containing a stand with a scraper, on a guide of which a caliper with a carriage made of two parts is mounted for movement in a vertical plane, the upper part of which is mounted on the caliper and the lower part is arranged rotatably relative to the upper part, with This instrumental head is installed in the circular guides of the lower part of the carriage, and the gear to be machined is fixed in the centers of the front and tailstocks located on the frame with the possibility of adjusting the distance and between them, in the Support there is a round guide, on which the upper part of the carriage is mounted and the lower part of the carriage is made in the form of a slider and a traverse, which is supplied with guides and a drive, performed in the form of a two-way hydraulic cylinder act with traverse

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pivotally mounted on an axis fixed in the upper part of the carriage, equipped with a rocker mechanism, and in the guides of the cross member, a slider movably mounted, equipped with a copier linear pivotally mounted on it, which can interact with the rocker mechanism when the slide is moved by the hydraulic cylinder rod.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a machine; FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 - carriage, in FIG. 4 - simplified carriage image, section; in fig. 5 shows the installation of the instrument relative to the gear to be machined; Figure 6 shows a circular guide, section, cut; in fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the installation carriage with different positions of the slider; Fig. 8 is a schematic depiction of the tool at various positions during machining of the working teeth; in fig. 9 shows a scheme for obtaining a special shape of the barrel-shaped teeth.

On the machine stand 1, a stand 2 is rigidly mounted, on a vertical guide 3 of which a support 4 is movably mounted, driven from a stepper motor 5 mounted on a stand 2, via cylindrical gear 6 and 7, a lead screw 8 and a uterine nut 9, rigidly connected to v support 4, on the lower side of which a carriage 10 is mounted. In the lower part of the carriage can be rotated in a circular guide 11 .. around the vertical axis H there is an instrumental head 12 in which a disk tool is mounted 13. On the machine bed 1, the machine is installed in the longitudinal guides 14 of the front 15 and rear 16 headstocks, which are equipped with pin holes 17 and 18 with centers for mounting and clamping the workpiece 19. The processing of the tooth profiles on the machine is carried out while the tool rotates and setting its axis F at an angle to the axis M of the gear to be machined, while the tool 13 has the ability to move along the axis. The ability to install and move the tool is ensured by making a carriage 10 of three movably one relative to the other parts:

3

the upper part 20, the cross member 21 and the slider 22. The upper part 20 is installed in the circular guide 23 of the caliper 4 and can be rotated around the vertical axis H and fixed in the desired position. Due to this direction S, S, S of the tool 13 can be adjusted i at a given angle, providing a parallel, diagonal or other direction of movement of the tool

On the top of the carriage 20 on the axis 24, a hinge 21 is pivotally mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis L. A slider 22 is mounted on the lower side of the crosshead in the longitudinal guide 25 with preliminary tension. The preliminary tension of the longitudinal guides is carried out by known methods. A longitudinal guide 25 is perpendicular to the axis L, since the tool 13 is located above the gear wheel 19 mounted in the centers. In order to prevent the tool head 12 and the upper part of the carriage 20 from sagging in circular guides (11 and 23), a spring-loaded bearing 27 preloaded by spring 26 is provided. The outer ring of the ball bearing abuts against the retaining ring 28 installed in the undercut, made respectively in the caliper 4 or the slider 22. The inner ring of the ball bearing is installed in the opton ring 29, in which it is centered by the recess 30 with the centering ring 31, on which respectively the tool head 12 or the upper Part 20 of the carriage.

Concentric to the recess 30 in the support ring 29 has an undercut 32 against which the end of the spring 26 mounted on the sleeve 33 with collar 34 abuts. The spring force is controlled by a screw 35 installed in the threaded hole of the sleeve 33. To ensure a constant contact, the clamped surfaces must not be in the bearing axial play, which is provided by the preload of the spring, the force of which must be greater than the weight of the elements to be balanced.

In order to carry out the feed movements S, S, s, the traverse 21 is provided

hydraulic cylinder of double-sided action, piston rod 36 of which is connected to creep. 22. Depending on into which cylinder cavity. a piston 37 or a rod 38 is supplied with oil, the piston 39 moves to the left or right by moving the slider 22. This allows the tool 13, such as a disk shaver, to be moved across the entire width of the gear ring in both directions.

Moving the tool across the width of the gear ring to be machined and radially approaching the tool are performed by known automation tools.

For machining barrel-shaped teeth on the carriage -10, a corresponding device is provided: a slider 22, which has an eyelet 40 at one end, on the axis 41 of which a copier line 42 is installed with the possibility of rotation around this axis 41 located parallel to the axis L of rotation of the traverse 21. The upper part is set The carriage 20 has a console 43, at the end of which the arm 44 is rotatably mounted. In the arm 44, a ruler 42 is installed. When the ruler 42 is adjusted as shown in FIG. 4, horizontally and fixed, the slider 22 performs a rectilinear reciprocating motion S.

 If the ruler is turned clockwise P at a predetermined angle f, then when moving the slider 22 to the left, the eye 40 rises and simultaneously moves to the left. Due to the swivel of the slider 22 with the cross member 21 and the carriage top 20, the slider 22 and the cross bar 21 swing counterclockwise Q. When the slider 22 is moved to the right, the eye 40 lowers, the slide bar 22 and the cross bar 21 swing clockwise. By swinging the slider, an inclined position of the tool with respect to the workpiece is achieved. The swing angle cc can be varied by changing the angle of inclination of the ruler P. For parts of small diameter or for wide parts, barreledness cannot be achieved with a copy of the straight profile ruler. For these cases, rulers bent from are recommended.

mid-to-ends in opposite directions, with which, at the end of movement to either side, a larger swing angle 1A is obtained,

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With the help of similarly curved copy lines, barrels of a special shape as well as conical shapes of teeth can be obtained.

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Compiled by I. Kuznetsova Editor P. Tsitsik Tehred I. Veres Proofreader A. Feren

Order 1728/62 Circulation 1001Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries, 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Branch PPP Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

Claims (1)

MACHINE FOR CLEAN PROCESSING OF TEETH PROFILES OF CYLINDRICAL GEAR WHEELS in the conditions of free rolling by a tool in the form of a gear wheel, containing a frame with a stand, on the guide of which a support with a carriage made of two parts is installed on a guide plane, the upper part of which is mounted on a support plate; e, and the bottom is rotatably placed relative to the upper part, while the tool head is installed in the round guides of the lower part of the carriage, and the workpiece is the gear wheel is fixed in the centers of the front and rear headstock located on the bed with the possibility of adjusting the distance between them, characterized in that, in order to expand the technological capabilities of the machine, a circular guide is made in the support, on which the upper part of the carriage is mounted with the possibility of rotation, and the lower the carriage part is made in the form of a slider and a traverse, which is equipped with guides, and a drive made in the form of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, while the traverse is pivotally mounted on the axis replennoy in the upper part of the carriage provided with a rocker mechanism, and a guide crosspiece movably mounted slider provided with pivotally mounted thereon a guiding line for engagement with the rocker mechanism when moving the slider of the hydraulic cylinder rod. SU <„, Ϊ223831> 1 122