SU1211380A1 - Method of closing river bed - Google Patents

Description

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FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to hydraulic construction, in particular to the overlapping of river beds during the construction of hydroelectric complexes.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the construction time and labor costs.

FIG. 1 shows a mound and a river, a transverse section; in fig. 2 - tunnel, cross section; in fig. 3 - node 1 on. one; in fig. 4 is a diagram of the connection of a metal sheet to an electrical circuit and the layout of the elements of the freezing system; in fig. 5 - the river with gently sloping shores, a transverse section.

During the preparatory period, an area with a slope in the direction of the riverbed is prepared on the slope of the riverbank, and base 1 under the foremost 2 is arranged on it (Fig. 1). Base 1 (Fig. 3) includes preparation 3, wooden flooring 4, pipes 5 of the freezing system, metal sheet 6, water layer 7 in the solid state. The solid water layer 7 is frozen in winter by laying wet dense snow on the sheet at negative outdoor temperatures. The snow freezes under the action of cold and freezes to sheet metal 6.

On the frozen ice 7, the earth embankment 2 is removed. The edges of the sheet 6 are insulated from outside heat by means of 8 and frozen by a freezing system, an insertion pipe 5 and freezing installations 9 (Fig. 4).

Before the river overlaps, the edges of the metal sheet 6 are freed from powder 8 (Fig. 3), supplying coolant through pipes 5 ceases to the part of the floor 4 that is open from the river channel and a layer of lubricant is applied and wires 10 (Fig. 4) are connected sheet 6 through its side edges into an electrical circuit with a current source 11. Moreover, first, wires 10 are attached only to the upper, farthest from the river, part of sheet 6 and electric heating is carried out on sheet 6. In this case, sheet 6 is heated more intensively in the upper part, where the current density is higher, therefore the upper part of the sheet is free from the lower part. freezing over to the frozen snow 7, which prevents premature

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collapse into the river of the lower part of the axle 2. In the final stage of heating the sheet of wire 10 (FIG. 4, the dashed lines) are connected to the lower

5 parts of sheet 6 and further sheet electric heating until it is completely freezed from freezing to snow 7. As a result, embankment 2 together with snow 7 loses news, slides off sheet 6, collapses into the river bed and overlaps it, takes position 12 (fig. 1). River flow is fully switched to the prepared at the time of the overlap

5 tunnel 13 (Fig. 2).

Preparation 3 (Fig. 3) necessary for leveling the site is made of concrete, asphalt or soil.

The fibers of the elements of wooden spatula 4 are directed along the slope of the site, the flooring is attached to wooden bars 14 recessed into preparation 3. The metal sheet 6 is made up of individual sheets, placed along them

5 to the type of fish scales in the direction of the slope of the site with their attachment to the wooden flooring 4.

Snow 7 on a metal sheet 6 is laid in strips across the sheet

0 (along the coast), starting from the river. Moreover, the next strip of snow is laid after frosting with sheet 6 of snow of the previous strip. In this case, the previous strip prevents the strip from sliding down from the sheet of snow. When laying on the icy. The snow 7 of the soil of the embankment 2 to prevent the snow from sliding down from the snow layer to the lower layers of the embankment should be laid in a thawed state with increased humidity and subsequent freezing.

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When the electric sheet 6 through the pipes, if necessary, let the coolant.

The proposed method can overlap the channel of the river and with a relatively small steepness of the coast (figure 5) when the overlap of the explosion can not

 to be carried out effectively. In this case, the riverbed is pressed to a steeper bank by an earth dam 15 and a paving 16 is arranged on the slope of the bank, mostly from wood.

55 Paving 16 is covered with a layer of lubricant and, if necessary, is placed under the water level in the river.

ground embankment on the basis of the foregoing.

When the angle c (Fig. 3) of the slope of the base close to the friction angle of ice on a wet metal sheet about 2, it may be difficult to collapse the embankment due to incomplete thawing of the leaf from snow, incomplete release of nascia from powders 8 and disruption of snow layer 7. When increasing the slope angle of the site, it is required to maintain a deeper freezing of the embankment base.

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retention on the site and there are difficulties in locating the volume of embankment required for overlapping according to the topographical conditions of the site.

The proposed method of overlapping the river bed is easy to implement in areas with low average annual temperature. However, when using freezing plants and obtaining water in a solid state by artificial means or by delivering it from glaciers, the method can be applied.

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VNIIPI Order 618/36 Circulation 642 Subscription Branch PPP Patent, Uzhgorod, Proektna St., 4

Claims (5)

1. METHOD OF OVERLAPPING A RIVER BAR, which includes a dirt embankment on the bank and its subsequent collapse into the river bed, which is different from the fact that, in order to reduce construction time and labor costs, the embankment is placed on a sloping platform in the direction of the river with a flat base on it, including concrete preparation with a metal sheet laid to the top, the layer of water is frozen in, by on the cat, during the construction of the embankment and until overlapping at the base of the embankment, the temperature is negative, and just before the overlapping of the river, the base is heated with the heating ahead of the base more distant from the riverbed. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the base of the platform to the horizon takes more than the limiting angle of friction of ice on the wet metal sheet. 3. The method according to claim 1, about the t of l and c with the fact that the layer of water is frozen on the base by laying wet thick snow and then freezing it. 4. The method according to π.1, which is based on the fact that the metal sheet is heated by passing an electric current across the sheet, and the greater the density, the further the part of the sheet is removed from the river bed. 5. The method according to claim 1, about tl and chaga u and th with the fact that under the metal sheet along the perimeter of the dirt embankment are placed pipes through which coolant is passed. one 2 12