SU1136250A1 - Device for automatic control of frequency and transfer of active power of power pool - Google Patents

Abstract

DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC REPULIROVASHM FREQUENCY AND CROSS-FLOODING A1STIVNOY POWER ENERGOOBEDI: Nenko operating in parallel with other eyergoobedineniem comprising regulator frequency and overflow exchange capacity, the inputs connected to the setting element frequency and to meter m frequency network and flow exchange power setting element setting overflow exchange capacity, the two power flow limiter via external and internal connections, connected by inputs to the control units of permissible flow rates and flow meters, respectively O and external intercoms, the frequency controller and the exchange power flow. And both power flow limiters contain a control action incrementing unit that has been entered simultaneously as frequency control inputs or each power flow limiter connected to The NIN control unit increment distribution unit, the outputs, iii) of which are simultaneously the calls of the frequency regulator or power flow limiters, and the resultant control units the control stations, the inputs connected to the corresponding outputs of the frequency controller and the flow of exchange power and power flow limiters through external and internal communications, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of the process of controlling the parameters of the energy mix, the device additionally contains a block for detecting the increments of the control action of the highest level, a sensor for controlling the action of the highest level, a distribution unit higher level, connected to the output of the block of detection of control increments of a higher level, the input of which is connected to the output, the house of the control sensor of a higher level, outputs of the block of distribution of increments of the control action of the highest level are connected to the inputs of blocks of formation of the resulting control actions controlling power plant m / logic OR, the first input of which is connected to the output of the unit for the formation of increments of control to the effect of the flow restrictor the external communication, the second input - to the output of the imaging unit prirascheniy.upravl guide affecting power flow limiter for internal communication, and a third input coupled to the output of the detection control increments

Description

impact of the highest level setting unit of the maximum permissible value of the exchange power perpetrator, the exchange power flow control unit, the first input of which is connected to the output of the exchange power flow meter, the second input - with the output of the maximum permissible value of the exchangeable power peak} switch, the first input connected to the output of the control unit installation of the flow of exchange capacity, the second input of the plug 250

change to the output of the control unit of the flow of exchange power, and the third input connected to the output of the logic circuit OR, the setting unit of the time constant of the tracking system and the tracking system, the first input of which is connected to the output of the switch, the second input with the output of the setting generator of a constant time tracking system, the third input with the output of the logic circuit OR, and the output is connected to the input of the frequency regulator and the flow of exchange power.

one

The invention relates to power engineering and can be used to automatically control the frequency and active power in power interconnections.

A device is known for automatically controlling the frequency and active power of the energy combination, which holds the control incrementing unit at a deviation of the current values of the frequency and the flow of exchange power from their predetermined values, the control increment distribution unit, the control unit for detecting the increments of the control level of the highest level, block; The distribution of these increments, the accumulator and the formation blocks of the resulting control actions to the regulatory power plants l.

As one of the tasks assigned, this device places the organization of the implementation priority of the control action of the highest level before the control action in terms of frequency and flow of exchange power. The task is solved by adjusting the setpoint of the exchange power flow when detecting the increment of the control action of the highest level on the magnitude of this increment.

The disadvantages of this device are as follows. .

In practice, all regulatory power plants (especially thermal ones) as objects of control are inertial, i.e. change their power after

for control action with a delay.

This device assumes

I correct the setpoint of the exchange power flow instantly when an increase in the control action of the highest level occurs. At the same time, the power of regulating power plants (RES), and hence the exchange power flow, cannot instantly change. Therefore, after adjusting the setpoint at the input of the frequency regulator and the exchange power flow, the error signal by which the controller generates the control increment impact, summing with the control action of the highest level. Thus, REMs will have to change their power by an amount determined by the sum of the increments of the up-regulating actions of the higher level controller and the frequency controller and the exchange power flow. As a result of such a change in the power of the RES, the exchange power flow will change by an amount greater than that which the higher level controller required and, consequently, greater than the amount that the flow setpoint was corrected to, at the input of the regulator, the error signal times with the opposite sign, and the controller will generate an increment of the control action that requires a change in the load of the EFL in the opposite direction. If it is assumed that during this reversal of the flow of the exchange power with respect to the required value, the parameter controlled by the higher level controller will also be overregulated, which will cause its control effect to change in the opposite direction, then the entire process described above will be repeated in the opposite direction. direction and, therefore, in the southeast system, an oscillatory process of changing the adjuster of the parameters and the load of the EFR occurs.

Thus, the reliability of the process of adjusting the parameters of the power system is significantly reduced, and the efficiency of the operation of the equipment of RESs is deteriorated due to repeated forced load changes.

In addition, this device has the presence in the interconnection of only one external connection, through which it operates in parallel with only one interconnection. In this case, the coefficients of the influence of the change in the load of the EF on the exchange power exchange rate are the ratio of the change in flow to the triggering 0th to the load of the RES, excluding losses in networks, is equal to one. Therefore, in order to change the flow of exchange power to some kind, RGUs must change their load in a vacuum for the same value.

In practice, however, the energy association is not connected with one, but several energy associations (for example, transit associations). In this case, this aerial change in power flows through all external links will be the same as the change in the load of the radioelectric station, but the change -the flow through each of the external links separately will make up only a fraction of the change in the load of the RES, This means that the coefficients of the effect of the change in the load of the RES on the flow through each of the communication links are less than one, that is, e. to change any of the external flows by a certain amount, more than this value requires a change in the load of RESs

Consider, for example, a power interconnection that has one external link with two other power interconnections, one of which has a regulator, which is the highest level regulator for the combination in question,

For simplicity, let us assume that in the considered enterprise there are two RESs, and the load change of each of them equally affects the flow change on each of the external links, t, e, the coefficient of influence of each RES on each of the external flows is 0, five.

Under these conditions, to change the current exchange power by an amount necessary to suppress the deviation of the parameter controlled by the higher level controller, a double change in the load of the radioelectronic signal and, consequently, control of the higher level action is required.

Correction of the setpoint of the exchange power flow by the magnitude of the control action of the highest level will, under these conditions, cause the setpoint to be corrected by an amount twice as large as the change in the flow itself. As a result, a mismatch signal is produced at the controller input, according to which the voltage regulator the increment of the control action, forcing (1e RES to continue to change its load in the same direction, which leads to a further increase in the exchange power flow and to a possible overshoot the parameter controlled by the higher level controller. Thus, the reliability of the process of regulating the parameters of the energy mix decreases and the technical and economic indicators of the radio electronic system deteriorate due to the forced change in their load.

Correction of the setpoint of the exchange power flow is not accompanied by the control of this flow to achieve the limit values determined by the transmission line capacity. As a result, when the higher level flow control of the exchange power is operated, it may increase to an unacceptable value, which will lead to a violation of stability and an emergency situation.

In addition, the change in the control action of the highest level is unplanned and leads to the deviation of the RES load from the optimal mode.  Therefore, after suppressing the deviation of a parameter co-controlled by a higher level regulator, it is advisable, in accordance with the mode, to return the exchange power flow to the planned value.  Such a return is not provided by this device, which leads to a deterioration of the efficiency of the work of the association due to deviations from the optimal mode.  Closest to the invention is a device for automatic control of the frequency and flow of the active power of the energy supply, comprising a frequency and flow control of the exchange power, a power transfer limiter over the external communication and a power flow limiter over the internal communication, enclosing each incrementing unit control action and the associated unit of distribution of these increments.  The device also contains a matching unit and the formation of the resulting control actions of the regulatory power plants.  The inputs of the regulator and both of the flow limiters, which are simultaneously the inputs of their blocks of control action increments, are connected to setters and meters of adjustable and limited parameters (frequency and current), Outputs of the controller and both limiters.  which are simultaneously outputs of their blocks of distribution of increments of the control action, are connected to the inputs of the formation blocks of the resulting control actions of the control power plants J2J.  When an external flow limiter is operating via external communication, the device provides for the correction of the setpoint of the power flow of exchange power in accordance with the sign and control sign of this limiter.  The known device has all the drawbacks of the device described above. Moreover, in modern power interconnections with large numbers of internal weak links, through which the power flow is limited, the change in the power of the electronic system caused by the work of the limiter on the internal link leads to a change in the flow of exchange power , and such that violation of 06 setpoint, the flow of exchange power is possible.   This will cause counter-opposition of the frequency regulator and the flow of exchange power to the action of the flow limiter, which reduces the efficiency of the latter and can lead to an oscillatory process in the system.  In order to eliminate such counter-opposition, it is necessary to adjust the setpoint of the exchange power flow and, when the limiter is used for internal communication. However, such a cor-.  This function is not provided by a known device.  It is clear from the above that the method for correcting the setpoint of the exchange power flow by the increment value of the control action of the flow limiter or higher level regulator, performed by known devices, due to the inertia of XPS as control objects and possible inequality to the unit of their coefficients on regulation Parameters 1e causes an inconsistent change in the setpoint of the exchange flow and the flow itself, which leads to oscillatory processes in the system and forced nnym variations RES loads, these shortcomings can be avoided if fully agree on the time and magnitude of the change in the exchange flow with the change of power setting of the flow.  The simplest solution can be obtained if during the operation of the higher level regulator of the Research Institute of the power flow limiter, the current value is applied to the input of the frequency regulator and the exchange power flow as the setpoint of the exchange power flow.  Thus, during the whole period of operation of a higher level controller or a flow limiter, there is no mismatch signal at the input of the frequency regulator and the exchange power flow, which will make it possible to fully realize the priority of the control action of a higher level before the control action over frequency and flow power, and at the same time eliminates the risk of oscillatory processes in the system and forced changes in the load of radio electronic devices.  The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of the processes of adjusting the parameters of the power system.  The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for automatic control of the frequency and flow of the active power of the energy connection, operating in parallel with another energy combination, contains a frequency and flow regulator of the exchange power, connected to the frequency setting unit and to the network frequency meters and the exchange power flow meter. exchange power flow settings, two power flow limiters via external and internal connections, connected by inputs with control units of permissible values of power current and flow meters, respectively, by external and internal communications, the frequency controller and the exchange power flow and both power flow limiters contain a sequentially connected control incrementing unit whose inputs are simultaneously the inputs of the frequency regulator or each flow limiter power grid connected to it the unit of distribution of the increments of the control action of the outputs of which are simultaneously outputs of the frequency regulator or surge limiters power and blocks the formation of the resulting control actions regulatory power stations, connected by inputs to the corresponding outputs of the frequency controller and the flow of exchange power and power flow limiters for external and internal communications, a unit for detecting control increments of the higher level, a sensor the control unit of the highest level, the unit of distribution of the increments of the controlling influence of the higher level, connected to the output of the unit for detecting the increments of the controlling influence higher level, the input of which is connected to the output of the sensor control action of the highest level, the outputs of the distribution unit of the control increments of the action of the highest level are connected to the inputs of the forming unit of the resulting control actions of the controlling power plants, the logic circuit OR, the first input of which is connected to the output of the forming unit the control input increments of the external flow limiter, the second input is connected to the output of the control unit forming the control action of the limiter power flow internal rate reader through internal communication and the third input is connected to the output of the unit for detecting increments of the control of the highest level, setting the maximum permissible value of the exchange power flow, the control unit of the exchange power flow, the first input of which is connected to the output of the exchange power flow meter, the second an input with an output of the maximum permissible value of the exchange power flow, a switch, the first input connected to the output of the setpoint of the exchange power flow setpoint, the second to ohm connected to the output of the control unit of the flow of exchange power, and the third input connected to the output of the logic circuit OR, time constantizer of the tracking system and the next system, the first input of which is connected to the switch output, the second input with the output of the constant time master output of the trace system, the third input is with the output of the OR logic circuit, and the output is connected to the input of the frequency regulator and the exchange power flow.  The proposed device allows you to organize the priority of implementing a control action of a higher level or a control action coming from flow restrictors before the impact on the frequency and flow of exchange power does not drive this to an inconsistent in time and magnitude change of the setpoint and the exchange power flow and, as a consequence, the occurrence of oscillatory processes of power redistribution in the power system and the forced change of load RES.  This is achieved due to the fact that during the lifetime of a parameter deviation under the control of a limiter or a higher level controller, the current value of the self power flow of the exchange capacity goes to the input of the frequency regulator and the exchange power flow as a setpoint.  As a result, when the RES load changes under the influence of the work of the limiter or regulator of the highest level of the flow of exchange power, it will change to a wide range from B. o) 1e, without causing, at this, the work of the frequency regulator and the flow of exchange power.  At the same time, in contrast to the known, the proposed NB device allows the flow of exchange power to exceed the maximum permissible values, since, when the exchange power reaches its maximum permissible value, the latter begins to act as a setpoint for the input of the frequency regulator and the exchange power flow.  The increase in the exchange power flow over this value will lead to the appearance of a mismatch signal at the regulator input, as a result of which the latter will develop a control action that tends to reduce the exchange power flow to an acceptable value.  The proposed device, in contrast to the known, allows the exchange flow to return to its original or newly set value within a specified time after the end of the limiter or higher level controller due to gfracter tracking the flow value and switching to the set exchange power flow setpoint.  The drawing shows a block diagram of the proposed device.  The device contains a regulator of 1 frequency and exchange power flow; limiter 2; flow through external communication; limiter; 3 flow through internal communication; unit 4 of the viewpoint | higher level control actions, control increment formation blocks 5, control increment distribution blocks 6 of its effect, blocks 7 for support of control actions by control power plants,; 8 power exchange meter, setting 9 settings overflow of exchange value.  logic circuit 10, setpoint 1 and the minimum permissible value of exchange power perpetrator, exchange control flow control unit 12, commutator 010 mutator 13, follower system 14 constant time tracking system and follower system 15.  The device works as follows.  In the absence of deviations from the specified values of the parameters, limiting. Limiters 2 and 3, or controlled by a higher level controller, to the input of the frequency controller 1 and the exchange power flow through the switch 13 and the next cKCTetty 15 are supplied with the set power of the exchange power from the setpoint 9.  .  When the current values of the frequency and flow of the exchangeable power deviate from the set values in block 5 of the regulator 1, an increment of the control action is formed, which is divided in block 6 of the regulator 1, for example, using KDU and supplied.  to the first inputs of the units 7 of the formation of the re-control of the control actions of the regulating power plants.  Here, the increments are algebraically summed with the increments previously accumulated, and the resulting values are memorized.  This process continues until the elimination of deviations of the current values of the frequency and flow of the exchange capacity from their specified values is eliminated.  The external power transfer limiter 2 and the internal power transfer limiter 3 are triggered when the current value of the power flow exceeds the specified connection of a given permissible value.  In this case, in block 5 of the corresponding limiter, an increment of the control action is generated.  This increment is fed simultaneously to the input of block 6 of the appropriate limiter and to the corresponding input of logic circuit 10.  In block 6 of the corresponding limiter, this increment of the control action is separated, for example, by means of a KDU, and is fed respectively to the second or third inputs of the blocks 7.  In block 4, the current value of the control action of the highest level is compared with the value of the control action taken from the highest level in the previous operation cycle of the device.  If these values are not equal, block 4 forms the increment of the control action of the highest level, which is fed to the input of block 6 and to the third input of the logic circuit OR 10.  In block 6, this incremental control action of the highest level is divided between regulatory power plants, for example, by means of a KDU, and supplied. to the fourth inputs of blocks 7, where algebraically summed with. previously accumulated values.  When forming the control increment by limiter 2 or 3 or by block. 4, t. e.  when at least one of the inputs of the circuit 10 a non-zero signal appears, the latter forms at its control output a signal that simultaneously arrives at the third inputs of the switch 13 and the next system 15.  Block 12 compares those. the lower value of the flow of exchangeable power coming from the output of the meter 8, with its maximum permissible value coming from the output of the setting device 11, and supplies the smaller of these values to the second input of the switch 13.  The latter, when a control signal from the logic circuit OR 10 arrives at its third input, expands the passage circuit to its output of a signal arriving at its second input from the output of block 12.  i Trace system 15 when a control signal from the output of the logic circuit arrives at its third input OR 10 switches to the operation mode with a very small time constant, tracking the signal arriving at its input almost instantly.  Thus, during operation of the limiters 2 and 3 or the higher level controller, the current value of the flow itself arrives at the input of the regulator 1 as the setpoint for the exchange power flow.  Therefore, during all this time, the zero error signal remains at the input of the regulator 1.  When the flow reaches the exchange power of the limiting value, the latter enters the input of the i-opa 1 controller as the setpoint for the exchange power flow. , With a further increase in the flow of exchange power at the input of the regulator 1 in terms of Vits. the error signal and the block 5 of the controller 1 will generate an increment of the control action, acting in the direction of reducing the value of the flow of exchange power.  After the end of the work, the limiters 2 or 3 or the higher level regulator will have zero signals on all inputs of the circuit 10.  In this case, circuit 10 removes the control signal at its output.  After removing the control signal of the circuit 10, the switch 13 opens the transmission circuit to its output signal from the output of block 12 and closes the signal transmission circuit from the output of the setting device 9, and the tracking system 15 switches to the operation mode with a constant time set by the setting device 14.  The tracking system 15 tracks the signal coming from the output of the setting device 9 for a given time constant, and feeds it to the input of the regulator 1 as the setpoint for the exchange power flow.  The return of the exchange power flow setpoint to its original value will cause the operation of the controller 1 and the return to the initial value of the exchange power flow itself.  Moreover, depending on the operating situation in the power system, it is possible to set a new required value of the exchange power flow using setpoint 9, as well as to vary the return time of the flow to this value by setting a constant time of the tracking system 15 s using setpoint 14.  Thus, the proposed device allows the implementation of a higher level control effect to a control over frequency and flow of exchange power without inconsistent in time and amount of change of the setpoint of the exchangeable power and the flow itself by tracking the current value of the exchangeable power during operation, a flow restrictor via external or internal communication or a higher level controller; prevents the achievement of overflow: ohm of the exchangeable power of unacceptable values by stopping the tracking of the current value of the overflow of the exchange capacity when it reaches the limit value and the operation of the frequency regulator and the overflow of the exchange capacity, which its 131 controlling effect will prevent further change of the overflow in the dangerous direction, it prevents the exchange power flow from returning to the initial or newly set value within a specified time after the end of the restrictor operation and a higher level controller.  In general, the proposed device contributes to increasing the reliability of the automatic control of the power system parameters by eliminating overshoot and oscillatory processes of changing the controlled parameters, as well as violation of stability during an uncontrolled increase in the exchange power flow and improves the technical and economic indicators of the equipment of XPS, because forced changes in the RES load And it creates the possibility of automatic adjustment and limiting of the parameter in the grid to lead the combining mode is close to the optimum.

Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY AND FREQUENCY REGULATION -. CURRENT ACTIVE POWER OF THE ENERGY ASSOCIATION, operating in parallel with another energy association, containing a frequency and exchange power regulator, inputs connected to a frequency setter and to frequency meters of the network and exchange power transfer, setpoint for setting the exchange power transfer, two power flow limiters for external and internal connections, connected by inputs with setpoints of permissible values of the overflow and flow meters, respectively, through external and internal connections, and the frequency and overflow regulator exchange power and both power flow limiters contain a control action increment formation unit, the inputs of which are simultaneously inputs of the frequency regulator or each power flow limiter, an increment distribution distribution unit controlling it to control the output, the output of which are simultaneously the outputs of the frequency regulator or limiters power flow, and the blocks of the formation of the resulting control actions to regulatory power plants, inputs connected to the corresponding the outputs of the frequency controller and the flow of exchange power and power flow limiters for external and internal communications, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency and reliability of the process of regulating the parameters of the energy connection, the device further comprises a unit for detecting increments of the control action of the highest level, a sensor of the control action of the highest level the distribution of the control actions of the highest level connected to the output of the control unit increment detection unit Higher level steps having an input coupled with vyho. d; ohm of the control sensor ^! At the highest level, the outputs of the upper-level control action increment distribution block are connected to the inputs of the resulting control actions generating units to regulatory power plants / OR logic circuit, the first input of which is connected to the output of the control action increment formation block of the overflow limiter by external communication, the second input - with the output of the formation block increments of the control action of the power flow limiter via internal communication, and the third input is connected to the output of the unit the increment of the control action of the highest level) the setpoint of the maximum permissible value of the exchange power transfer, the control unit of the exchange power transfer, the first input of which is connected to the output of the exchange power flow meter, the second input - with the output of the set point of the maximum permissible transfer capacity. exchange power, a switch, the first input connected to the output of the exchange power transfer unit, the second input connected to the output of the exchange power flow control unit, and the third input connected to the output of the OR logic circuit, the time constant of the tracking system and the tracking system, the first the input of which is connected to the output of the switch, the second input with the output of the master constant time servo system, the third input with the output of the logic circuit OR, and the output is connected to the input of the frequency controller and ground eye exchange power.